ʻO ke kuleana a me ke kumu o ka hana o ka injection
Nā mea
No kekahi manawa i kēia manawa, ua hoʻololi ka injection i ka carburetor ma nā mīkini ʻaila (he carburetor hiki ke loaʻa ma nā kaʻa kaʻa ʻelua a me nā ʻenekini liʻiliʻi ʻelua ma nā huila ʻelua). ʻOi aku ka pololei no ka ana ʻana i ka wahie, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomalu maikaʻi i ka puhi ʻana a no laila ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hiki ke kuhikuhi i ka wahie ma lalo o ke kaomi e hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia i loko o ka inlet a i ʻole ke keʻena kuni (nā kulu liʻiliʻi). ʻO ka hope, he mea nui ka injection no nā ʻenekini diesel, ʻo ia ke kumu i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka paila injection e ka mea nona ka manaʻo: Rudolph Diesel.
No laila, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o ka injection pololei a me ka indirect injection, no ka mea, pono nō hoʻi e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o ka hoʻokahi-point a me ka multi-point injection.
Hoʻolālā hoʻoinu
Eia ke kiʻikuhi o ka ʻenekini hou, kahe ka wahie mai ka pahu i ka pamu. Hāʻawi ka paila i ka wahie ma lalo o ke kaomi i kahi kaʻa hoʻopaʻa (no ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i ka 2000 bar ma kahi o 200 me ka ʻole o ka hope), i kapa ʻia ʻo ka laina maʻamau. A laila wehe nā injectors i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻolako i ka wahie i ka mīkini.
ʻAʻole pono ka ʻōnaehana Common Rail: nā kikoʻī hou aku ma aneʻi
Kaomi ma aneʻi e ʻike i ke kiʻikuhi holoʻokoʻa
Ke hana nei mākou me kahi ʻenekini kaʻa maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia no nā kaʻa kahiko. E hoʻopunipuni nā ʻāpana mana i ke kamepiula ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻikepili i hoʻouna ʻia e ka mea ʻike kaomi (ʻo ka pahuhopu ke loaʻa hou aʻe)
ʻO kēia 1.9 TDI ʻaʻohe kaʻaahi, loaʻa iā ia kahi puʻu kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻokomo ʻāpana (loaʻa iā lākou kahi pānaʻi liʻiliʻi i kūkulu ʻia e hoʻonui i ke kaomi, ʻo ka pahuhopu ke hiki i ka pae kaʻa maʻamau). Ua haʻalele ʻo Volkswagen i kēia ʻōnaehana.
Eia ka pauma kokoke loa (Kiʻi ʻo Wanu1966), ʻo ka mea hope e pāpaʻi, hoʻopaʻa a hoʻokuʻu
ʻO ka paila (eʻae ai e kūkulu i ke kaomi) e alakaʻiʻia e ke kāʻei, kahi e hoʻokeleʻia e ka mīkini holo. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻokele uila ʻia ka hāʻawi ʻana a me ka ana ʻana o ka wahie. Mahalo iā Van no kēia mau kiʻi nani.
ʻO ka hana o ka paila hoʻoheheʻe
Hoʻohana ʻia kahi kaʻa uila no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka wikiwiki hana ʻole a hoʻoponopono ʻia me nā wili (ʻoluʻolu, he pāʻani kēia me ka pololei o ka hapaʻumi o ka millimeter). Hoʻololi ka valve solenoid mua i ka neʻe ʻana o ka injection: hoʻoholo ʻo ia i ka wā e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka wahie, ma muli o ke kūlana o ka mīkini (ka wela, ka wikiwiki o kēia manawa, ke kaomi ʻana i ka pedal accelerator). Inā nui loa ke alakaʻi, lohe paha ʻoe i ka pop a kaomi paha. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lohi a hiki i ka meaʻai ke lilo i mea like ʻole. Hoʻopiʻi ka valve solenoid pani i ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka wahie diesel i ka wā e hoʻopau ʻia ai ke ahi (pono e hoʻōki i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wahie i nā ʻenekini diesel, no ka mea, ke hana nei lākou i ke ʻano hoʻāla. . ʻAʻohe ahi hou).
He mau montages
He nui nā hoʻonohonoho hiki ke loaʻa:
- ʻO ka mua, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana maʻamau (ʻaukā), ka mea e nalowale ana, hoʻokomo ʻole... Aia ia i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka wahie i ka intake. Hoʻohui ka mea hope me ka ea a komo i loko o nā cylinders ke wehe ʻia ka valve intake.
- maluna o nā diesel, hoʻokomo ʻole ʻAʻole i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka wahie i ka inlet, akā i loko o kahi leo liʻiliʻi e komo i ka cylinder (e ʻike ma aneʻi no ka ʻike hou aku)
- O kahoʻokomo pololei hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, no ka mea e ʻae ʻia ka mana piha o ka wahie i loko o ka mīkini (ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka hoʻokele engine, ka hoʻemi haʻahaʻa, etc.). Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ia i kahi ʻano hana hoʻokele waiwai me ka mīkini ʻaila (stratified mode). Ma nā ʻenekini diesel, ʻae kēia i kahi injection hou, i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kānana particulate (hoʻoponopono maʻamau a me ka hana hou ʻana e ka ʻōnaehana).
Aia kekahi ʻokoʻa e pili ana i ka injection indirect, ʻo ia nā ala mono et multipoint... I ka hihia o kahi kiko, hoʻokahi wale nō injector no ka intake manifold holoʻokoʻa. I loko o ka mana multi-point, aia ka nui o nā injectors ma ka puka komo e like me ka nui o nā cylinders (aia lākou ma mua o ka valve inlet o kēlā me kēia o lākou).
Nui nā ʻano nozzles
Ma muli o ke kuhikuhi pololei a i ʻole ka hoʻokele ʻole, ʻaʻole like ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā injectors.
Nā nozzles pololei
Aia kekahi ʻano injector solenoid a i ʻole e paʻi pinepine piezoelectric. Le solenoid hana me kahi electromagnet liʻiliʻi e hoʻomalu i ka hele ʻana o ka wahie a i ʻole. v piezoelectric ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka mea hiki ke holo wikiwiki a ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe. Eia naʻe, ua hele ʻo Bosh i kahi lōʻihi e hana i ka solenoid wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Nā Injectors ma INDIRECTE
No laila, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka injector aia ma ka inlet ma luna.
ʻImi ʻole
Eia ka injector i loko o ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi, lawe ʻo ia i ka wahie ma lalo o ke kaomi a hoʻokuʻu i loko o ka cylinder i loko o kahi mokulele microscopic. No laila, hiki i ka haumia liʻiliʻi ke hopu iā lākou ... Ke hana nei mākou i nā mechanics pololei loa.
Hoʻokahi nozzle no ka cylinder, a i ʻole 4 i ka hihia o ka 4-cylinder.
Eia nā 1.5 dCi (Renault) i ʻike ʻia ma ka Nissan Micra.
Eia lākou i ka ʻenekini HDI
'Oko'a ma waena o Common Rail Injection System a Distribution Pump?
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka injection maʻamau i kahi pauma injection, kahi i hoʻopili ʻia i kēlā me kēia injector. No laila, hāʻawi kēia paila i ka wahie i nā injectors ma lalo o ke kaomi ... Ua like loa ka ʻōnaehana Common Rail, koe wale nō ka Common Rail ma waena o ka pahu injection a me nā injectors. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano keʻena kahi e hoʻouna ʻia ai ka wahie, e hōʻiliʻili ma lalo o ke kaomi (mahalo i ka pamu). Hāʻawi kēia kaʻaahi i ke kaomi injection, akā mālama pū kekahi i kēia kaomi a hiki i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe (ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia no ka paila hoʻohele, e nalowale ana ka wai ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana). Kaomi ma aneʻi no ka ʻike hou aku.
Pum nozzle ??
ʻO Volkswagen, no kāna ʻāpana, ua hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻōnaehana hou no kekahi mau makahiki, akā ua haʻalele ʻia. Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pamu ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a me nā nozzles ma kekahi, ua hoʻoholo lākou e hoʻolālā i nā nozzles me kahi pā liʻiliʻi. No laila, ma kahi o ka pauma waena, loaʻa iā mākou i kēlā me kēia injector. Maikaʻi ka hana, akā ʻaʻohe ʻae ʻia, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka haʻalulu o ke ʻano o ka ʻenekini, e hōʻemi ana i kekahi mau wikiwiki. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o kēlā me kēia nozzle no ka mea he pā liʻiliʻi kona.
No ke aha e hoʻomalu ai ka lolouila i ka injection?
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā injectors me kahi kamepiula hiki iā lākou ke hana ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka pōʻaiapili. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma muli o ke kūlana wela / lewa, pae hoʻomehana engine, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka pedal accelerator, ka wikiwiki o ka mīkini (TDC sensor), etc. ʻAʻole e lawe ʻia ka Injection ma ke ʻano like. ... No laila, pono e loaʻa nā mea ʻike e "scan" i ke kaiapuni (ka wela, ka pedal sensor, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me kahi kamepiula kamepiula e hiki ai ke hoʻokele i ka injection e like me kēia mau ʻikepili āpau.
Hoʻemi nui i ka hoʻohana wahie
Ma ke ʻano he hopena pololei o ka pololei o nā injectors, ʻaʻohe "ʻōpala" o ka wahie, e hoʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie. ʻO kekahi pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kino throttle e hoʻohua ai i nā mahana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā kaʻa maʻamau no ka hoʻohana like ʻana, e hopena i ka mana a me ka hana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka injection, ma muli o kona paʻakikī nui, aia kekahi mau palena, ʻaʻole ia he hopena. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ke ʻano maikaʻi o ka wahie i ʻole e pōʻino (hiki ke paʻa ka lepo i ke kahawai liʻiliʻi). ʻO ke kumu o ka hiki ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻole o nā nozzles.
No ka ʻike: ʻaiʻē mākou i ka mea kākau o ka ʻenekini puhi ahi mua me kahi ʻōnaehana injection i ka ʻenekini Kelemania ʻo Rudolf Diesel i ka makahiki 1893. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka mea hope ka ʻae ākea i ka ʻoihana automotive a hiki i ka hope o ke Kaua Honua II. I ka makahiki 1950, ua hana mua ka Frenchman Georges Regembo i ka hoʻoheheʻe wahie i loko o ka mīkini kaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana a me ka ʻenehana ma hope e ʻae i ka hoʻokele mechanical e lilo i uila, e emi ke kumukūʻai, ʻoi aku ka mālie a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Aia ma luna aʻe kekahi mau mea injection, a ma ka lalo he mea hoʻolaha injection wale nō, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he kaʻa maʻamau.
Nā manaʻo a me nā pane āpau
Dernier manaʻo hoʻopuka i hoʻouna ʻia:
Oudi (Lā: 2021, 09:02:21)
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