Reconnaissance kaʻa kaua M6 "Staghound"
Reconnaissance kaʻa kaua M6 "Staghound"Kaʻa Kākoʻo Staghound
Aia ma waenakonu he keʻena hakakā. Ma ʻaneʻi, ua kau ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu o ka pōʻai pōʻai me kahi pūkuniahi 37-mm i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko a me kahi pū mīkini 7,62-mm i hui pū ʻia me ia. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi pū mīkini ʻē aʻe i loko o kahi hui pōpō ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka hull. ʻO ke ahi mai ia mea i alakaʻi ʻia e kahi mea hoʻokele lekiō aia ma ke keʻena hoʻomalu ma ka ʻākau o ka mea hoʻokele. ʻO ka pahu pahu i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ʻaneʻi he kaʻa hydraulic aunoa. No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻokele huila a me nā kaʻa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mīkini servo i nā kaʻa. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka kamaʻilio ʻana i waho, ua hoʻolako ʻia ke kaʻa kaua me kahi lekiō. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaʻa kaua e ka hilinaʻi ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa nā mea kaua kūpono a me ka hoʻonohonoho pono ʻana o ka hull a me ka turret.
ʻO ka M6 Staghound armored kaʻa ka mea kaumaha loa o nā mea a pau i hoʻohana ʻia i ke Kaua Honua II. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kaua o kēia kaʻa me ke kino nui welded a me ka turret cast he 13,9 tons. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he pahu huila ia, e like me ka mea kaua a me ka neʻe ʻana me ka Stuart māmā a haʻahaʻa iā ia ma ke kapa kila wale nō, a ʻo ia hoʻi he wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō. . Ua pale ʻia ka M6 hull e 22 mm mua a me 19 mm ʻaoʻao pale kaua. ʻO ka mānoanoa o nā pā kaua o ka hale he 13 mm, ʻo ka lalo - mai 6,5 mm a 13 mm, ʻo ka hope o ka hull - 9,5 mm. ʻO ka pale kaua mua o ka hale kiaʻi i hiki i 45 mm, ʻaoʻao a ma hope - 32 mm, nā hale - 13 mm. Ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka hale kiaʻi nui e ka electro-hydraulic drive. ʻO ka poʻe o ke kaʻa kaua he ʻelima mau kānaka: he mea hoʻokele, he mea hoʻokele kōkua (ʻo ia hoʻi he mea pū mai kahi pū mīkini papa), he pū, he mea hoʻouka a me kahi luna (he mea hoʻokele lekiō ʻo ia). ʻO nā ana o ke kaʻa he mea kupanaha loa a ʻoi aku i ko ka Stuart. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka M6 he 5480 mm, ka laulā - 2790 mm, ke kiʻekiʻe - 2360 mm, ke kumu - 3048 mm, track - 2260 mm, ka ʻae honua - 340 mm.
ʻO ka mea kaua he pūkuniahi 37-mm M6, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka mokulele kū pololei, ʻekolu mau pū mīkini 7,62-mm Browning M1919A4 (coaxial me kahi pūkuniahi, papa a me nā mokulele anti-aircraft) a me kahi mea hoʻokuʻu grenade 2 iniha i kau ʻia ma ka hale o ka hale. hale kiaʻi. He 103 mau poka pu i na poka. 5250 pōʻai no nā pū mīkini a me 14 mau grenades uahi. Eia kekahi, ua lawe ke kaʻa i kahi pū submachine 11,43 mm Thompson. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka hull, e like me ke koʻi o ka mīkini, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻelua 6-cylinder liquid-cooled Chevrolet / GMC 270 in-line carburetor engines; ʻO ka mana o kēlā me kēia he 97 hp. ma 3000 rpm, ka nui hana 4428 cm3. Transmission - semi-aunoa type Hydramatic, i loaʻa i ʻelua pahu pahu pahu ʻehā-wikiwiki (4 + 1), kahi kīkā a me kahi demultiplier. ʻO ka mea hope i hiki ke hoʻopau i ke kaʻa o ke axle mua, a hōʻoia pū i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kaʻa pale kaua me ka holo ʻana o hoʻokahi mīkini. He 340 lita ka nui o ka pahu wahie. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻopili ʻia ʻelua pahu wahie cylindrical waho me ka nui o 90 lita i kēlā me kēia ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kaʻa.
Ua loaʻa i ke kaʻa kaua he 4 × 4 ka huila a me ka nui o ka huila 14,00 - 20 ″. Hoʻokuʻu kūʻokoʻa ma nā puna lau semi-elliptical. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana hoʻokuʻu i kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe hydraulic. Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Saginaw 580-DH-3 electro-hydraulic power steering, a me Bendix-Hydrovac hydraulic brakes me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ʻo ka hoʻokele ʻana i kahi kaʻa kaua kokoke i 14-ton ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o kahi kaʻa kaʻa. Ma ke alaloa, ua hoʻomohala ke kaʻa kaua i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 88 km / h, ua lanakila maʻalahi i ka piʻi ʻana a hiki i 26 °, kahi pā 0,53 m kiʻekiʻe a me kahi ford a hiki i 0,8 m hohonu. ʻO kahi lekiō Pelekane No. ʻO ka hoʻololi kumu o ke kaʻa kaua M19 (T6E17) i ka pūʻali koa Pelekania i kapa ʻia ʻo Staghound Mk I. Ua hana ʻia nā ʻāpana o kēia mau mīkini.
Ma waho aʻe o nā kaʻa kaua laina laina me nā pūkuniahi 37-mm, ua kokoke koke ka poʻe Pelekania i ka hoihoi i nā kaʻa kākoʻo ahi. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana o ka ʻano ʻano T17E3, ʻo ia ka M6 hull maʻamau me kahi puʻupuʻu hāmama i kau ʻia ma luna me kahi howitzer 75-mm i hōʻaiʻē ʻia mai ka pū hoʻokele ponoʻī M8 ʻAmelika. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hoihoi ka poʻe Pelekania i kēia kaʻa. Ua puka lākou i waho o ke kūlana ma ke ʻano ʻē aʻe, e hoʻolako hou ana i kekahi o nā kaʻa kaua laina laina me kahi tank howitzer 76-mm o kā lākou hana ponoʻī. No ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā wahi no nā pū, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka pū mīkini papa, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kōkua o ke kalaiwa mai ka hui. Eia kekahi, ua wehe ʻia kahi mea hoʻolele grenade uahi mai ka hale kiaʻi, a ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa, ua kau ʻia ʻelua mau pahu 4-inihi ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka hale kiaʻi no ke kī ʻana i nā grenades. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Staghound Mk II nā kaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā howitzer 76 mm.
I ka ho'āʻoʻana e uku i nā mea kaua ikaikaʻole o ka "Staghound" no ka hapa lua o ke kaua, ma kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā mīkini hoʻololi Mk I, ua hoʻokomo ka poʻe Pelekania i nā turrets mai ka pahu Crusader III me kahi pūkuniahi 75-mm a me kahi. 7,92-mm BESA pū mīkini coaxial me ia. Ma muli o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka turret ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻoiai ka haʻalele ʻana o ka pū mīkini papa a me ke kōkua o ke kaʻa, ua piʻi ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa i 15. ma mua o ka Mk I. Ua hoʻomaka nā pūʻali koa Pelekania e loaʻa nā staghounds i ka pūnāwai o 1943. Ua loaʻa i nā kaʻa kaua i kā lākou bapetizo ʻana i ke ahi ma Italia, kahi i loaʻa ai ka inoa maikaʻi no ko lākou hilinaʻi kūʻokoʻa, maʻalahi o ka hana a me ka mālama ʻana, nā mea kaua maikaʻi a me nā mea kaua. ʻO ke kumu "Africa" kumu o ke kaʻa kaua i alakaʻi ʻia i ka nui o nā pahu wahie a me kahi huakaʻi holo nui - 800 km. Wahi a nā pūʻali koa Pelekania, ʻo ka hemahema nui o nā pahu huila 14-ton, ʻo ia ka nele o kahi pou hoʻomalu.
Ma waho aʻe o nā pūʻali koa Pelekania, ua komo nā mīkini o kēia ʻano i loko o New Zealand, India a me Kanada pūʻali i kaua ma Italia. Ua loaʻa iā ia nā "staghounds" a me ka reconnaissance cavalry regiments o ka 2nd Army Corps o ka Polish Armed Forces ma ke Komohana. Ma hope o ka pae ʻana o nā Allies i Normandy, ua komo nā kaʻa pale kaua i ke kaua e hoʻokuʻu i ʻEulopa Komohana mai nā Nazis. Ma waho aʻe o nā pūʻali koa Pelekania a me Kanada, aia lākou i ka lawelawe me ka 1st Polish Panzer Division (ma ka huina, ua loaʻa i nā Poles ma kahi o 250 mau kaʻa kaua o kēia ʻano) a me ka 1st kaʻawale kaʻa tank brigade Belgian. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua Honua ʻelua, ua loaʻa iā Great Britain he helu nui o nā "staghounds". Ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o ia mau mea e ka pūʻali a hiki i ka makahiki 50, a hiki i ka wā i hoʻololi ʻia ai lākou e nā kaʻa pale kaua hou i hana ʻia e ka ʻEnelani. Ua hoʻoili ʻia a kūʻai ʻia paha ka nui o nā mīkini o kēia ʻano i nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe. Ua komo ʻo "Staghounds" i ka pūʻali koa Belgian i nā makahiki kaua - hoʻokahi pūʻali koa o nā kaʻa kaua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me lākou. Ma hope o ke kaua, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia kā lākou helu - a hiki i ka makahiki 1951, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā kaʻa kaua o ka Mk I, Mk II a me AA i kumu o ʻekolu mau pūʻali koa kaua (reconnaissance). Eia kekahi, mai ka makahiki 1945, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā kaʻa ʻano AA i nā ʻāpana gendarmerie kaʻa. I ka makahiki 1952, ua ho'oili 'ia ka hapa nui o nā ka'a mai nā pū'ali koa lio kaua i ho'opau 'ia i kona haku mele. I ka Belgian gendarmerie, "staghounds" lawelawe a hiki i 1977. Ua hoʻohana ka pūʻali Dutch i nā kaʻa kaua he ʻumikūmālua o kēia ʻano i ka manawa 40-60s (no 1951 he 108 mau ʻāpana). Ua hāʻawi aku ka poʻe Pelekania i nā Denemaka i nā kaʻa kaua āpau o ka Mk III hoʻololi. Ua loaʻa iā Switzerland kekahi mau kaʻa Staghound Mk I. Ua pani ʻia ka mea kaua o kēia mau kaʻa kaua e ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pūʻali koa Swiss. I nā makahiki 50, ua komo nā staghounds o ka Mk I a me AA i ka pūʻali koa Italia a me ka Carabinieri Corps. Eia kekahi, ma kekahi helu o nā kaʻa, ua pani ʻia ka pū 37-mm a me ka pū mīkini Browning i loko o ka turret e nā pū mīkini Breda mod.38, a ua hoʻololi ʻia ka pū mīkini papa Browning e ka mīkini Fiat mod.35. pū. Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ua hoʻolako ʻia nā "staghounds" i nā ʻāina ʻAmelika Latin: Nicaragua, Honduras a me Cuba.
Ma ka Hikina Waena, ʻo ka ʻāina mua i loaʻa iā "Staghounds" ma hope koke o ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua Honua II ʻo ʻAigupita. ʻElua pūʻali koa o ia mau kaʻa kaua e lawelawe pū ana me ka pūʻali koa Ioredane. I ka makahiki 60, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia kekahi o nā kaʻa i Lebanona, kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai nā turrets ma luna o lākou mai nā kaʻa kaua Pelekane AES Mk III me nā pū 75-mm. Ua hana ʻia kahi mea hana hou e nā "staghounds" ma Sudan, akā i loko o nā hale kiaʻi i hōʻaiʻē ʻia mai nā kaʻa kaua o ka AES, ua kau ʻia nā pū 75-mm (me nā masks) o nā pahu Sherman. Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻāina i helu ʻia ma ka Hikina Hikina, aia nā "staghounds" i nā pūʻali koa o Saudi Arabia a me Israel. Ma ʻApelika, ua loaʻa nā kaʻa kaua o kēia ʻano e Rhodesia (i kēia manawa ʻo Zimbabwe) a me ʻApelika Hema. I nā makahiki 50 a me 60, ua komo pū lākou me India a me Australia. I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 70, aia nō ma kahi o 800 "staghounds" i nā pūʻali koa o nā mokuʻāina like ʻole. ʻO kēia, 94 ma Saudi Arabia, 162 ma Rhodesia a me 448 ma ʻApelika Hema. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia ka hapa nui o nā mea hope i loko o kahi waihona. Nāʻike hana
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Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ke kaʻa kaua i ka makahiki 1943. Ua hana ʻia ke kaʻa kaua ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma ke kauoha a ka pūʻali koa Pelekania, 
