Ua hala ka papahana. ʻO nā moku holo moku nui ʻo Alaska ʻāpana 2

ʻO ka moku holo moku nui ʻo USS Alaska i ka wā o ka huakaʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ʻAukake 1944. NHHC

ʻO nā moku i manaʻo ʻia ma ʻaneʻi no kahi hui heterogeneous o 10 mau papahana like ʻole a ʻoi aku paha me nā hiʻohiʻona i ʻokoʻa loa mai nā moku kaua wikiwiki i ʻike ʻia i nā makahiki 30 a me 40. Ua like kekahi me nā moku kaua liʻiliʻi (ʻo German Deutschland type) a i ʻole nā ​​moku holo moku nui i hoʻonui ʻia (e like me ka Soviet Ch project), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka nāwaliwali o nā moku kaua wikiwiki (ʻo ka French Dunkirk a me Strasbourg pair a me ka German Scharnhorst "a" Gneisenau ") . ʻO nā moku i kūʻai ʻole ʻia a pau ʻole paha: ʻo nā moku kaua Kelemania ʻo O, P a me Q, nā moku kaua Soviet Kronstadt a me Stalingrad, nā moku kaua Dutch o ka model 1940, a me nā moku Iapana i hoʻolālā ʻia B-64 a me B-65, like loa me ka Papa Alaska ". Ma kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻatikala, e nānā mākou i ka moʻolelo o ka hana ʻana o kēia mau moku holo moku nui, pono e ʻōlelo maopopo ʻia, he kuhi hewa ia e ka US Navy.

ʻO ka prototype o nā moku holo moku hou, i kapa ʻia ʻo CB 1, ua waiho ʻia i ka lā 17 o Dekemaba, 1941 ma ka hale moku moku o New York Shipbuilding ma Camden - he 10 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana ma Pearl Harbor. Ua kapa ʻia ka papa hou o nā moku ma muli o nā ʻāina hilinaʻi o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi i ʻokoʻa ai lākou mai nā moku kaua i kapa ʻia he mokuʻāina a i ʻole nā ​​moku holo moku i kapa ʻia nā kūlanakauhale. Ua kapa ʻia ka ʻāpana prototype ʻo Alaska.

I ka makahiki 1942, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻololi i nā moku holo moku hou i nā mokulele mokulele. ʻO kahi kiʻi kiʻi mua wale nō i hana ʻia, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā mea lawe mokulele ʻo Essex-class, me kahi papa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻelua mau mokulele mokulele, a me kahi papa lele asymmetrical i hoʻonui ʻia i ke awa (e kaulike i ke kaumaha o ka superstructure a me nā pu ki waena ma ka starboard. aoao). ʻO ka hopena, ua haʻalele ʻia ka papahana.

Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hull o ka moku holo moku ma Iulai 15, 1943. Ua lilo ka wahine a ke kiaaina o Alaska, o Dorothy Grüning, i makuahine akua, a ua alakai o Kapena Peter K. Fischler i ka moku. Ua huki ʻia ka moku i ka Philadelphia Navy Yard, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ka hana lole. ʻO ke alakaʻi hou, i loaʻa ka ʻike hakakā me nā moku holo moku nui (ua lawelawe ʻo ia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma Minneapolis i ka wā o ke kaua ʻo Coral Sea), ua huli ʻo ia i ka Naval Council no nā manaʻo e pili ana i nā moku hou, a kākau i kahi leka lōʻihi a koʻikoʻi loa. Ma waena o nā hemahema, ua haʻi ʻo ia i kahi hale huila piha, ka nele o nā keʻena moku moku kokoke a me nā wahi hoʻokele, a me kahi alahaka hōʻailona kūpono ʻole (ʻoiai ka manaʻo i manaʻo ʻia e hana ma ke ʻano he moku hae). Ua hoʻohewa ʻo ia i ka lawa ʻole o ka mana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele, ʻaʻole ia i hāʻawi i ka pono ma mua o nā moku kaua, a me nā kapuahi ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻo ia i ka waiho ʻana i nā mokulele moana a me nā catapults ma waena o nā moku he mea ʻino o ka lewa, ʻaʻole hoʻi e ʻōlelo ʻia i ka kaupalena ʻana i nā kihi kiʻi o nā mea kaua anti-aircraft. Ua kāhea ʻo ia e hoʻololi iā lākou me ʻelua mau puʻupuʻu 127 mm medium. Ua wānana pū ʻo ia ʻo ka Combat Information Center, aia ma lalo o ka pā kaua, e like me ka lehulehu o ka hale huila. I ka pane ʻana, ke poʻo o ka ʻaha kūkā nui, ʻo Cadmium. Ua kākau ʻo Gilbert J. Rowcliffe ʻo ka wahi o ka luna koa i loko o kahi pou kauoha pale kaua (he manaʻo ʻole loa i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o 1944), a ma ke ʻano nui, ua kau ʻia kahi moku nui a hou ma lalo o kāna kauoha. ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā mea kaua (nā pū 127mm a me 40mm i hoʻopaʻa ʻia) a me ka hoʻokele a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana o ka moku ka hopena o nā hoʻololi i hana ʻia i ka wā hoʻolālā.

Ma ka lā 17 o Iune, 1944, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka moku holo moku nui ʻo Alaska i loko o ka US Navy, akā ua hoʻomau nā lako a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka huakaʻi hoʻāʻo mua a hiki i ka hopena o Iulai. ʻO ia ka manawa a ka moku i komo ai i ka muliwai Delaware no ka manawa mua, e kaʻa ana ma nā paila ʻehā a hiki i ke kai kūʻono e hiki ai i nā wai ākea o ka Atlantika. Ma ka lā 6 o ʻAukake, ua hoʻomaka ka lele hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ʻOiai i loko o ka wai o ka Delaware Bay, ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana mai ka pū kī nui no ka ʻike ʻana i nā hemahema o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka hull. Ma hope o ko lākou paʻa ʻana, ua komo ʻo Alaska i loko o nā wai o Chesapeake Bay kokoke i Norfolk, kahi i hoʻokō ʻia ai nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa a pau e hiki ai ke lawe i nā ohua a me ka moku i ka mākaukau hakakā.

I ka hopena o ʻAukake, ua haʻalele ʻo Alaska, me ka moku kaua Missouri a me nā mea luku ʻo Ingram, Moale a me Allen M. Sumner, i nā mokupuni ʻo Beretania ʻo Trinidad a me Tobago. Ma laila, hoʻomau ʻia nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa hui ma ke kai kūʻono o Paria. Ma ka lā 14 o Kepakemapa, ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā luina e hana i nā ʻano pilikia like ʻole. I hoʻokahi hoʻāʻo, huki ʻo Alaska i ka moku kaua ʻo Missouri—ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia wale nō ka manawa i huki ai kahi moku holo moku i kahi moku kaua. Ma ke ala e hoʻi ai i Norfolk, ua hoʻokō ʻia kahi pahu hoʻomākeʻaka o ke kahakai ʻo Culebra Island (Puerto Rico). Ma ka la 1 o Okatoba, ua komo ka moku i ka Philadelphia Navy Yard a i ka pau ana o ka malama ua nanaia, ua hooponopono hou ia (me eha mau pu Mk 57 AA i nalowale), na hooponopono liilii a me na hoololi. ʻekahi

ʻO kekahi o lākou ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi pier hāmama a puni ka pou kauoha kaua (aia ma Guam mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana). Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke kiʻi ʻana o ka pu ki mua, ua haiki loa ia e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he alahaka kaua, e like me ke ʻano o nā moku kaua Iowa.

Ma ka lā 12 o Nowemapa, ua hele ka moku holo moku i kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa pōkole ʻelua pule i Guantanamo Bay ma Cuba. Ma ka huakaʻi, ua nānā ʻia ka ʻoi loa o ka māmā a ua loaʻa ka hopena o 33,3 knots. Ma ka lā 2 o Dekemaba, hele aku ʻo Alaska, me ka mea luku ʻo Thomas E. Fraser, i ka Canal Panama. Ma ka lā 12 o Dekemaba, ua hōʻea nā moku i San Diego, Kaleponi, ma ka US East Coast. No kekahi mau lā, ua mālama ʻia nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa koʻikoʻi ma ka moku ʻo San Clemente Island, akā ma muli o ke keʻakeʻa ʻana i nā leo mai kaʻu 4, ua hoʻouna ʻia ka mea hana i ka moku moana o Kapalakiko, kahi i komo ai i ka hale maloʻo no ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. Ma laila ka hui i hui ai me ka makahiki hou, 1945.