E wānana i kahi maʻi maʻi ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai

ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka Canadian BlueDot algorithm ma mua o ka poʻe loea i ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻoweliweli mai ka coronavirus hou. Ua haʻi ʻo ia i kāna mau mea kūʻai aku i nā lā hoʻoweliweli ma mua o ka US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) a me ka World Health Organization (WHO) i hoʻouna i nā leka kūhelu i ka honua.

Kamran Khan (1), kauka, loea maʻi maʻi, hoʻokumu a me Luna Nui o ka papahana BlueDot, wehewehe ʻia i loko o kahi hālāwai ninaninau pehea e hoʻohana ai kēia ʻōnaehana hoʻolaha mua i ka naʻauao hana, me ka hoʻoponopono ʻōlelo kūlohelohe a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini, e ʻimi i ka ʻike. hookahi haneri ma'i lele i ka manawa hookahi. Ma kahi o 100 mau ʻatikala ma 65 mau ʻōlelo e loiloi ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā.

1. Kamran Khan a me kahi palapala ʻāina e hōʻike ana i ka laha ʻana o ka coronavirus Wuhan.

Hōʻike kēia ʻikepili i nā hui i ka wā e haʻi aku ai i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku i ka hiki ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kahi maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā ʻikepili ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ʻike e pili ana i nā huakaʻi huakaʻi a me nā mokulele, hiki ke kōkua i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻike hou e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o kahi maʻi maʻi.

ʻO ka manaʻo ma hope o ke kumu hoʻohālike BlueDot penei. e kiʻi koke i ka ʻike nā limahana mālama ola i ka manaʻolana e hiki iā lākou ke ʻike - a, inā pono, hoʻokaʻawale - nā maʻi a me nā maʻi lele i ka wā mua o ka hoʻoweliweli. Ua wehewehe ʻo Khan ʻaʻole hoʻohana ka algorithm i ka ʻikepili media no ka mea he "chaotic". Eia naʻe, "ʻaʻole mau ka ʻike pili i kēia manawa," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia iā Recode. A ʻo ka manawa pane ka mea nui e pale pono ai i kahi outbreak.

Hana ʻo Khan ma ke ʻano he loea maʻi infectious ma Toronto i ka makahiki 2003 i ka wā i hana ʻia ai. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi SARS. Makemake ʻo ia e hoʻomohala i kahi ala hou e mālama ai i kēia mau ʻano maʻi. Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kekahi mau papahana wānana, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia iā BlueDot ma 2014 a ua hoʻonui ʻo ia i $9,4 miliona ma ke kālā no kāna papahana. Hoʻohana ka hui i kēia manawa he kanahā mau limahana, nā kauka a me nā mea polokalamue hoʻomohala nei i kahi mea hana loiloi no ka nānā ʻana i nā maʻi.

Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻikepili a me kā lākou koho mua, komo lākou i ka pāʻani nā kānaka kālailai. mahope nā maʻi maʻi maʻi Hoʻāʻo lākou i nā ʻike no ka pono ʻepekema a laila hōʻike hou i ke aupuni, ʻoihana, a me nā limahana mālama ola. mea kūʻai.

Ua hoʻohui ʻo Khan e hiki nō i kāna ʻōnaehana ke hoʻohana i kahi ʻano o nā ʻikepili ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ʻike e pili ana i ke aniau o kekahi wahi, ka mahana, a me ka ʻike e pili ana i nā holoholona kūloko, e wānana inā hiki i kahi mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi ke kumu i kahi maʻi. Hōʻike ʻo ia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2016, hiki i ka Blue-Dot ke wānana i kahi maʻi maʻi Zika ma Florida i ʻeono mahina ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana ma ia wahi.

Hana like ka ʻoihana a hoʻohana i nā ʻenehana like. Metabiotka nānā ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi SARS. Ua ʻike ka poʻe loea i ka manawa ʻoi loa ka pilikia o ka hiki ʻana mai o kēia maʻi ma Thailand, South Korea, Iapana a me Taiwan, a ua hana lākou i kēia ma mua o hoʻokahi pule ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā hihia ma kēia mau ʻāina. Ua huki ʻia kekahi o kā lākou mau manaʻo mai ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili lele mokulele.

Hoʻohana ʻo Metabiota, e like me BlueDot, i ka hoʻoponopono ʻōlelo kūlohelohe e loiloi i nā hōʻike maʻi e hiki mai ana, akā ke hana nei nō hoʻi e hoʻomohala i ka ʻenehana like no ka ʻike pili pūnaewele.

Mark Gallivan, ka luna ʻepekema ʻepekema o Metabiota, wehewehe i ka pāpā e hiki i nā paepae pūnaewele a me nā ʻaha kūkā ke hōʻailona i ka hopena o kahi maʻi maʻi. Ua ʻōlelo pū ka poʻe loea limahana hiki iā lākou ke koho i ka pilikia o kahi maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka nohona a me ka politika e pili ana i ka ʻike e like me nā hōʻailona maʻi, ka make a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālama ʻana.

I ka makahiki o ka Pūnaewele, manaʻo ka poʻe āpau i kahi hōʻike ʻike wikiwiki, hilinaʻi a hiki paha ke heluhelu ʻia o ka ʻike e pili ana i ka holomua o ka maʻi maʻi coronavirus, no ka laʻana, ma ke ʻano o kahi palapala ʻāina hou.

2. ʻO Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus 2019-nCoV Dashboard.

Ua hoʻomohala ka Center for Systems Science and Engineering ma Johns Hopkins University i ka dashboard coronavirus kaulana loa ma ka honua (2). Hāʻawi pū ia i ka ʻikepili piha no ka hoʻoiho ʻana ma ke ʻano he pepa Google. Hōʻike ka palapala ʻāina i nā hihia hou, hōʻoia i ka make a me ka hoʻihoʻi. ʻO ka ʻikepili i hoʻohana ʻia no ka nānā ʻana mai nā kumu like ʻole, me ka WHO, CDC, Kina CDC, NHC, a me DXY, kahi pūnaewele Kina e hōʻuluʻulu i nā hōʻike NHC a me nā hōʻike kūlana CCDC kūloko.

ʻO nā diagnostics i nā hola, ʻaʻole i nā lā

Ua lohe mua ka honua i kahi maʻi hou i kū mai ma Wuhan, Kina. 31 Kekemapa 2019 I hoʻokahi pule ma hope mai, ua hoʻolaha nā kānaka ʻepekema Kina ua ʻike lākou i ka mea hewa. I ka pule aʻe, ua hoʻomohala nā loea Kelemania i ka hōʻike diagnostic mua (3). He wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o nā lā o SARS a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi like ma mua a ma hope.

E like me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, pono e ulu ka poʻe ʻepekema i ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi weliweli i loko o nā cell holoholona i nā kīʻaha Petri. Pono ʻoe i hana i nā maʻi virus e hana ai hoʻokaʻawale i ka DNA a heluhelu i ke code genetic ma o ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hopena o nā hana. Eia naʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ulu nui kēia ʻenehana.

ʻAʻole pono nā kānaka ʻepekema e ulu hou i ka maʻi maʻi i loko o nā cell. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike pololei i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka DNA viral i loko o ka māmā o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole ka huna koko. A he mau hola, ʻaʻole lā.

Ke hoʻomaka nei ka hana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hana ʻike virus ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki a maʻalahi. Ke hana nei ʻo Veredus Laboratories e hoʻokumu ʻia ma Singapore ma kahi pahu lawe lima e ʻike, VereChip (4) e kūʻai ʻia mai Pepeluali 1 i kēia makahiki. ʻO nā hoʻonā kūpono a me ka lawe lima ka mea e ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ʻike ʻana i ka poʻe i maʻi no ka mālama olakino kūpono i ka wā e kau ana i nā hui lapaʻau ma ke kula, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā halemai.

ʻO nā holomua ʻenehana hou i hiki ai ke hōʻiliʻili a kaʻana like i nā hopena diagnostic ma kahi kokoke i ka manawa maoli. ʻO ka laʻana platform mai Quidel ʻO Sofia i ʻōnaehana PCR10 FilmArray ʻO nā hui ʻo BioFire e hāʻawi ana i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostic wikiwiki no nā pathogens hanu e loaʻa koke ma o ka pili uila i nā ʻikepili i ke ao.

Ua hoʻonohonoho piha ʻia ka genome 2019-nCoV coronavirus (COVID-19) e nā ʻepekema Kina ma lalo o hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hihia mua. Ma kahi kokoke i iwakālua hou aʻe i hoʻopau ʻia mai ka hoʻonohonoho mua ʻana. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, hoʻomaka ka maʻi maʻi maʻi SARS i ka hopena o 2002, a ʻaʻole i loaʻa kona genome piha a hiki i ʻApelila 2003.

He mea koʻikoʻi ke kaʻina hana genome i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā diagnostics a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i kēia maʻi.

Halema'i Hou

5. Lopako lapaʻau mai Providence Regional Medical Center ma Everett.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, hoʻoweliweli ka coronavirus hou i nā kauka. Wahi a CNN, pale i ka laha ʻana o ka coronavirus ma loko a ma waho o ka haukapila, nā limahana ma Providence Regional Medical Center ma Everett, Wakinekona, hoʻohana Robot (5), ka mea e ana i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi i loko o kahi maʻi kaʻawale a hana ma ke ʻano he kahua kūkā wikiō. ʻOi aku ka mīkini ma mua o ka mea kamaʻilio ma nā huila me kahi pale i kūkulu ʻia, akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopau loa i ka hana kanaka.

Pono nā kahu hānai e komo i loko o ka lumi me ka mea maʻi. Hoʻomalu pū lākou i kahi robot i ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka maʻi, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka biologically, no laila e hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hana o kēia ʻano i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lumi, akā pono ʻoe e ventilate i hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu. Pono kēia i mea hou ʻōnaehana eaka pale ʻana i ka laha ʻana o nā microbes.

Ua loaʻa i ka hui Finnish Genano (6), ka mea nāna i hoʻomohala i kēia mau ʻano ʻenehana, kahi kauoha pololei no nā keʻena olakino ma Kina. Ua ʻōlelo ka ʻōlelo kūhelu o ka ʻoihana he ʻike nui ka ʻoihana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea hana e pale ai i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi i loko o nā keʻena haukapila sterile a kaʻawale. I nā makahiki i hala, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā hoʻopuka i nā keʻena olakino ma Saudi Arabia i ka wā o ka maʻi maʻi MERS. Ua hāʻawi pū ʻia nā mea Finnish no ka hoʻoheheʻe palekana ʻana i ka hale hoʻokipa kaulana kaulana no ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka 2019-nCoV coronavirus ma Wuhan, i kūkulu ʻia i nā lā he ʻumi.

6. Kiʻikuhi o ka ʻōnaehana Genano i loko o ka insulator

ʻO ka ʻenehana patented i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe "e hoʻopau a pepehi i nā microbes airborne āpau e like me nā maʻi maʻi a me nā maʻi bacteria," wahi a Genano. Hiki ke hopu i nā ʻāpana maikaʻi e like me ka liʻiliʻi e like me 3 nanometers, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea i kahi kānana mīkini e mālama ai, a ua kānana ʻia ka ea e kahi kahua uila ikaika.

ʻO kekahi ʻike loea ʻē aʻe i kū mai i ka wā o ka puka ʻana o ka coronavirus nā mea nānā wela, hoʻohana ʻia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, lawe ʻia ka poʻe me ke kuni ma nā mokulele ʻĀina.

Pūnaewele - ʻeha a kōkua paha?

ʻOiai ka nalu nui o ka hoʻohewa ʻana no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana, ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka misinformation a me ka panic, ua hoʻokani maikaʻi nā mea hoʻohana pūnaewele mai ka wā i puka mai ai ma Kina.

E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, no ka laʻana, e ka pūnaewele ʻenehana Kina ʻo TMT Post, kahi kahua kaiaulu no nā wikiō liʻiliʻi. ʻO Douyin, ʻo ia ka Kina like o ka honua kaulana TikTok (7), ua hoʻokumu i kahi ʻāpana kūikawā e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka laha ʻana o ka coronavirus. Ma lalo o ka hashtag #FightPneumonia, hoʻopuka ʻaʻole wale i ka ʻike mai nā mea hoʻohana, akā i nā hōʻike loea a me nā ʻōlelo aʻo.

Ma kahi o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike koʻikoʻi, manaʻo ʻo Douyin e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mea kākoʻo no nā kauka a me nā limahana lapaʻau e hakakā nei i ka maʻi maʻi, a me nā maʻi maʻi. Kānāwai Daniel Ahmad tweeted ua hoʻokumu ka app i kahi "Jiayou video effect" (ʻo ia hoʻi ka paipai ʻana) e hoʻohana ai nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻouna i nā leka maikaʻi i ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā kauka, nā limahana mālama olakino, a me nā maʻi. Hoʻopuka pū ʻia kēia ʻano ʻike e nā poʻe kaulana, nā mea kaulana a me nā mea i kapa ʻia he influencers.

I kēia lā, manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka noiʻi akahele ʻana i nā ʻano media pili i ke olakino e hiki ke kōkua nui i nā ʻepekema a me nā luna olakino e ʻike maikaʻi a hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻano o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka maʻi ma waena o nā kānaka.

ʻO kekahi ʻāpana no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka media media "ʻoi loa ka ʻike a me ka hyper-local," haʻi ʻo ia i ka The Atlantic ma 2016. Salala Marseille, he mea noiʻi ma ke Kula Kaiapuni Federal ma Lausanne, Kuikilana, a he loea i ka ulu ulu ʻana i kapa ʻia e nā ʻepekema. "Epidemiology Digital". Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa, ua hoʻohui ʻo ia, ke hoʻāʻo nei ka poʻe noiʻi e hoʻomaopopo inā e kamaʻilio ana ka media media e pili ana i nā pilikia olakino e hōʻike maoli ana i nā hanana epidemiological a i ʻole (8).

8. Lawe ka Pake i ka pakiko me na maka.

ʻAʻole maopopo nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua mua ma kēia ʻano. I ka makahiki 2008, ua hoʻokumu nā ʻenekinia Google i kahi mea hana wānana maʻi - ʻO Google Flu Trends (GFT). Ua hoʻolālā ka hui e hoʻohana iā ia e kālailai i ka ʻikepili ʻenekini huli Google no nā hōʻailona a me nā huaʻōlelo hōʻailona. I kēlā manawa, manaʻolana ʻo ia e hoʻohana ʻia nā hopena e ʻike pololei a ʻike koke i nā "outlines" o ka maʻi influenza a me ka dengue - ʻelua pule ma mua o ka US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC), nona ka noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke kūlana maikaʻi loa ma ke kula. Eia naʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia he pololei ʻole nā ​​hualoaʻa a Google ma ka hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i ka US a ma hope o ka malaria ma Thailand.

ʻO nā ʻenehana a me nā ʻōnaehana e "manaʻo" i nā hanana like ʻole, incl. e like me ka pahū ʻana o nā haunaele a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi, ua hana pū ʻo Microsoft, i ka makahiki 2013, me ka Israeli Technion Institute, ua hoʻokumu i kahi papahana wānana pōʻino e pili ana i ka loiloi o ka ʻike media. Me ke kōkua o ka vivisection o nā poʻomanaʻo lehulehu, "ʻike kamepiula" pono e ʻike i nā hoʻoweliweli kaiapili.

Ua nānā ka poʻe ʻepekema i kekahi mau kaʻina o nā hanana, e like me ka ʻike e pili ana i ka maloʻo ma Angola, i hāʻawi i nā wānana i nā ʻōnaehana wānana e pili ana i kahi maʻi maʻi kolera, ʻoiai ua ʻike lākou i kahi pilina ma waena o ka maloʻo a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana ma ke kumu o ka nānā ʻana i nā puke waihona waihona o ka New York Times, e hoʻomaka ana ma 1986. ʻO ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana a me ke kaʻina o ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai pūnaewele hou.

I kēia manawa, e pili ana i ka kūleʻa o BlueDot a me Metabiota i ka wānana epidemiological, e hoʻowalewale ʻia kekahi e hoʻoholo e hiki ke wānana pololei ma ke kumu o ka ʻikepili "kūpono", ʻo ia. ʻoihana, hilinaʻi, nā kumu kūikawā, ʻaʻole ka haunaele o ka Pūnaewele a me nā kaiāulu portal.

Akā paha e pili ana i nā algorithms akamai a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka mīkini maikaʻi?