No ke aha i hoʻololi ai ʻo BMW i ka ʻenekene hydrogen me nā hunaola wahie?

ʻIke ʻo BMW i ka hydrogen ma ke ʻano he ʻenehana hoʻohiki i ka ʻāpana kaʻa nui a hana i ka BMW X2022 me nā wahi wahie liʻiliʻi i 5. Ua hōʻoia kēia ʻike e ka pelekikena hope o ka hui Kelemania no nā ʻenehana hydrogen, ʻo Kauka Jürgen Guldner.

ʻO nā mea hana ʻē aʻe he nui, e like me Daimler, i hoʻopau koke i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hydrogen i nā kaʻa kauā a ke hoʻomohala wale nei ia ma ke ʻano he hopena no nā kalaka a me nā kaʻa.

Nīnauele me nā lunamaka ʻoihana

I loko o kahi hālāwai kūkā nūhou wikiō, ua nīnau nā mea nūpepa mai nā makasina alakaʻi alakaʻi i kekahi mau nīnau e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā ʻenekene hydrogen i ka ʻike a ka hui. Eia kekahi o nā manaʻo i kupu i loko o kēia hālāwai pūnaewele i mālama ʻia i ka hoʻomaka o ka quarantine.

"Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou i ka pono e koho," wehewehe ʻo Klaus Fröhlich, lālā o ka BMW Research Council. "I ka nīnau ʻia ʻana he aha ke ʻano kaʻa e pono ai i kēia lā, ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke hāʻawi i ka pane like no nā wahi āpau o ka honua ... Manaʻo mākou e noho like nā drive like ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi. Pono mākou i ka maʻalahi. "

Wahi a Fröhlich, aia ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā kaʻa kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi ma ʻEulopa me nā kaʻa uila uila. Akā no nā hiʻohiʻona nui, ʻo ka hydrogen kahi hopena maikaʻi.

Nā hana hydrogen mua

Ke hoʻomohala nei ʻo BMW i ka hoʻokele hydrogen mai 1979 me ka prototype 520h mua a laila e hoʻouka ana i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hoʻokolohua i nā makahiki 1990.

Eia naʻe, ua hoʻohana lākou i ka hydrogen wai i puhi ʻia i loko o ka ʻenekini kuni kūloko. Ua hoʻololi nui ka ʻoihana i kāna hoʻolālā a, mai ka 2013, ke hoʻomohala nei i nā kaʻa uila hydrogen fuel cell (FCEV) me ka launa pū me Toyota.

No ke aha ʻoe i hoʻololi ai i kāu hoʻokokoke ʻana?

Wahi a Dr. Gouldner, aia ʻelua kumu no kēia loiloi:

• ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana hydrogen wai ka mea maʻamau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko - ʻo 20-30% wale nō, ʻoiai ka maikaʻi o nā wahie mai 50 a 60%.
• ʻO ka lua, paʻakikī ka hydrogen wai e mālama no nā wā lōʻihi a koi aku i ka nui o ka ikehu e hōʻalili iā ia. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kinoea hydrogen i nā hunaola wahie ma ka pā 700 (70 MPa).

ʻO ka BMW i Hydrogen aʻe e hiki mai ana kahi 125 kW wahie a me kahi kaʻa uila. ʻO ka mana holoʻokoʻa o ke kaʻa he 374 horsepower - lawa e mālama i ka leʻaleʻa hoʻokele i hoʻohiki ʻia e ka inoa.

I ka manawa like, e ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaupaona o kahi kaʻa wahie ma mua o nā hybrids plug-in (PHEV) i loaʻa i kēia manawa, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaupaona o kahi kaʻa uila piha (BEV).

Nā hoʻolālā hana

Ma 2022, e hoʻopuka ʻia kēia kaʻa i kahi moʻo liʻiliʻi a kūʻai ʻole ʻia, akā e hāʻawi ʻia paha i nā mea kūʻai mai no ka hoʻāʻo honua maoli.

"ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā kūlana e like me ka ʻenehana a me ka hana hydrogen no nā ʻano nui,"

wahi a Klaus Fröhlich. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, e paʻi ke kope hydrogen mua i nā lumi hōʻike i 2025. Ma o 2030, ʻoi aku paha ka nui o nā kaʻa e like me ka ʻoihana.

Ua haʻi aku ʻo Kauka Gouldner i kāna mau hoʻolālā i hiki ke ulu ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā ʻoihana ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. Pono ʻoe ia no nā kalaka a me nā kaʻa ʻōhua. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā pila uila e hōʻemi i nā hoʻoiho. ʻO ka pilikia koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ka hydrogen.

ʻO Kauka Gouldner

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka manaʻo o kahi "hoʻokele waiwai hydrogen" i ka hana ʻia ʻana e ka electrolysis mai nā kumuwaiwai hou. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻopau ka hana i ka nui o ka ikehu - e ʻoi aku paha ka nui o ka hana o nā ʻauwaʻa nui FCEV ma mua o ka mana o ka lā a me ka makani i loaʻa i ʻEulopa.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kekahi kumu: i kēia lā ke kumukūʻai o ka electrolysis ma waena o $ 4 a $ 6 no kēlā me kēia kilokilo. I ka manawa like, loaʻa ka hydrogen mai ke kinoea kūlohelohe e ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "hoʻololi i ka mahu i methane" ke kumu kūʻai ma kahi o hoʻokahi dālā ma kēlā me kēia kg. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā kumukūʻai ke hāʻule nui i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, i ʻōlelo ʻo Gouldner.

"I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hydrogen ma ke ʻano he wahie, nui ka ʻino o ka ikehu - pono ʻoe e hana mua ia mai ka uila, a laila mālama iā ia, lawe a hoʻohuli hou i uila," -

wehewehe ka pelekikena hope o BMW.

"Akā ʻo kēia mau hemahema i ka manawa like nā pōmaikaʻi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hydrogen no ka manawa lōʻihi, no kekahi mau mahina, a hiki ke lawe maʻalahi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o nā pipeline e kū nei. ʻAʻole pilikia ka loaʻa ʻana ma nā wahi i maikaʻi loa nā kūlana no ka ikehu hou, e like me North Africa, a lawe mai i ʻEulopa mai laila.