pahu kaua nui T-72B3

ʻO nā pahu kaua nui T-72B3 model 2016 (T-72B3M) i ke aʻo ʻana no ka parade Mei ma Moscow. ʻO ka mea mahalo i nā mea kaua hou ma nā uhi ʻaoʻao o ka hull a me nā chassis, a me nā pale pale e pale ana i ke keʻena hoʻomalu.

Ma ka lā 9 o Mei, i ka wā o ka Victory Parade ma Moscow, ua hōʻike mua ʻia ka hoʻololi hou o ka T-72B3 MBT no ka manawa mua. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā T-14 kipi o ka ʻohana Armata, ʻo nā kaʻa o kēia ʻano he hiʻohiʻona o ke kūpaʻa i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea kaua o ka Pūʻali Koa o ka Russian Federation. Mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki, ʻo ka T-72B3 - ka hoʻonui hou ʻana o nā pahu T-72B - lilo i kumu o nā pūʻali koa o ka pūʻali Lūkini.

Ua komo ka T-72B (Object 184) i ka lawelawe ma ʻOkakopa 27, 1984. I ka manawa o ke komo ʻana i ka lawelawe, ʻo ia ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa o nā ʻano "kanhikukūmālua" i hana nui ʻia ma ka Soviet Union. ʻO ka ikaika o kēia mīkini ka pale kaua o nā ʻāpana mua o ka turret, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka ʻohana T-64 a like me nā ʻano T-80 hou loa. I ka wā o ka hana ʻana, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka pale kaua passive i hui pū ʻia me kahi pale reactive (ua kapa ʻia kēia mana i kekahi manawa me ka inoa ʻole ʻo T-72BV). ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahu pahu 4S20 "Contact-1" i hoʻonui nui i ka manawa o ka T-72B i ka hakakā ʻana i nā pū me kahi poʻo kaua kumulative. I ka makahiki 1988, ua ho'ololi 'ia ka pale kaua me ka 4S22 "Kontakt-5" hou, 'o ia ho'i ka mea i kaupalena 'ia ke komo 'ana o nā sub-caliber projectiles e hahau ana i ka pahu. ʻO nā kaʻa me ia mau mea kaua i kapa ʻole ʻia ʻo T-72BM, ʻoiai ma nā palapala koa i kapa ʻia lākou ʻo T-72B o ke kumu hoʻohālike 1989.

ʻO ka hana hou o ka T-72B ma Rusia

ʻAʻole i ʻimi nā mea hoʻolālā o ka T-72B i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pale kaua, akā i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana ahi. Ua paʻa ka pahu me ka pūkuniahi 2A46M, ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻolālā o nā retractors, ʻoi aku ka pololei ma mua o ka 2A26M / 2A46 ma mua. Ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia kahi pilina bayonet ma waena o ka barela a me ke keʻena breech, i hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ka barela me ka ʻole o ka hāpai ʻana i ka turret. Ua hoʻololi pū ʻia ka pū e puhi i nā pu sub-caliber hou, a me nā missiles alakaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana 9K119 9M120. Ua hoʻololi pū ʻia ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi a me ka stabilization 2E28M e 2E42-2 me nā mea hoʻokiʻekiʻe electro-hydraulic a me nā hoʻokele turret electromechanical. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hou ʻaʻole wale i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ʻelua i ka pololei o nā ʻāpana stabilization, akā hāʻawi pū kekahi i ke kolu o ka huli ʻana i ka turret wikiwiki.

ʻO nā hoʻololi i ho'ākākaʻia ma luna nei ua alakaʻiʻia i ka piʻiʻana o ke kaumaha kaua mai ka 41,5 tons (T-72A) a hiki i ka 44,5 tons. I mea e emiʻole ai ka mana hou o ka "780" i nā mīkini kahiko ma keʻano o ka traction, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻonui i ka mana ʻenekini. ʻO ka hui diesel i hoʻohana mua ʻia W-574-46 me ka mana o 6 hp. (84 kW) ua hoʻololi ʻia e ka mīkini W-1-618, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mana i 840 kW / XNUMX hp.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, ʻo ka nāwaliwali o ka T-72B, kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka mana ahi, ʻo ia nā hopena no ka nānā ʻana, ka ʻimi ʻana a me nā mea hoʻomalu ahi. ʻAʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻohana i kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana hou, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, e like me 1A33 (i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka T-64B a me T-80B) a i ʻole 1A45 (T-80U / UD). Akā, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka T-72B me ka ʻōnaehana 1A40-1 maʻalahi loa. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻike laser rangefinder TPD-K1 i hoʻohana mua ʻia, a ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi kamepiula ballistic uila (analogue) a me kahi maka me kahi hōʻike. 'A'ole i like me ka "1" ma mua, kahi e loiloi ai ka po'e pū i ka ho'oponopono no ka ne'e 'ana i ka wā e pana ana i nā pahu hopu, ua hana ka 40A1-XNUMX i nā ho'oponopono pono. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā helu ʻana, ua hōʻike ka maka i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua i ka waiwai mua ma nā tausani. ʻO ka hana a ka mea pū, ʻo ia ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka pahuhopu lua kūpono i ka pahu hopu a me ke ahi.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a ma luna iki o ka ʻike nui o ka pū, ua kau ʻia kahi mea ʻike maka 1K13 lā / pō. He ʻāpana ia o ka ʻōnaehana mea kaua alakaʻi 9K120 a ua hoʻohana ʻia e alakaʻi i nā missiles 9M119, a me ke kī ʻana i nā pōkā maʻamau mai kahi pūkuniahi i ka pō. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke ala pō o ka hāmeʻa ma luna o kahi mea hoʻonui kukui koena, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka passive (ma kahi o 800 m) a ma ke ʻano hana (a hiki i kahi 1200 m), me ka hoʻomālamalama hou aku o ka wahi me kahi. L-4A hōʻike manaʻo me kahi kānana infrared. Inā pono, ua lawelawe ʻo 1K13 ma ke ʻano he ʻike pilikia, ʻoiai ua kaupalena ʻia kona hiki i kahi reticle maʻalahi.

ʻOiai i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka waena o 80s, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokolokolo ʻia ka ʻōnaehana 1A40-1 ma mua o ka mea ma mua. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomalu ahi o kēia wā, e like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka T-80B a me Leopard-2, ua hoʻokomo ʻokoʻa i nā hoʻonohonoho i helu ʻia e kahi kamepiula ballistic analog i loko o nā pahu o ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi mea kaua. ʻAʻole pono ka poʻe pū o kēia mau pahu i ka hoʻoponopono lima ʻana i ke kūlana o ka hōʻailona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ka mea i hoʻolalelale i ke kaʻina hana a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hana hewa. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o 1A40-1 i nā ʻōnaehana ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i kūkulu ʻia e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā hoʻonā kahiko a kau ʻia ma ka M60A3 a me nā Aliʻi i hoʻonui ʻia. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia nā mea hana o ka wahi o ke alakaʻi - he turret ʻāpana me kahi hāmeʻa hana TKN-3 i ka pō - ʻaʻole i hāʻawi like i ka huli ʻana a me nā mana hōʻailona e like me nā hiʻohiʻona panoramic a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi kauoha PNK-4 i kau ʻia ma ka T- 80U. Eia kekahi, ua ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā lako optical o ka T-80B i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kaʻa Western i komo i ka lawelawe i nā makahiki 72 a loaʻa iā ia nā mea hana kiʻi wela mua.