ʻO nā mea kaua Kina hou loa ʻāpana 1

ʻO nā mea kaua Kina hou loa

I kēia lā, ʻo ka People's Republic of China ke kolu o ka pūʻali ea nui loa ma ka honua, ma kahi like me nā mokulele ʻAmelika a me Lūkini. Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou ma kahi o 600 mau pūʻali koa multi-role, e like me nā mea kaua F-15 a me F-16 o ka US Air Force. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka helu o nā mokulele hou (J-10, J-11, Su-27, Su-30), ke hoʻomaka nei ka hana ma kahi hanauna hou o nā mokulele (ʻo nā mea kaua J-20 a me J-31. hana ʻia me ka ʻenehana ʻike haʻahaʻa). Ke ulu nui nei nā mea kaua alakaʻi a lōʻihi. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i lanakila nui ʻo Kina i nā pilikia maʻamau o nā ʻāina e ulu nei, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o nā mīkini jet a me nā avionics.

Ua kūkulu ʻia ka ʻoihana mokulele ʻo Kina ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II. ʻO ke kōkua nui i ka PRC i kēlā manawa i hāʻawi ʻia e ka USSR, ka mea i komo i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ʻoihana koa Kina, me ka mokulele, a hiki i ka emi ʻana o ka pilina ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻelua, i hana ʻia i ka hapa lua o ka XNUMXs.

Ua lilo ʻo Plant No. 112 ma Shenyang i ʻoihana mokulele nui mua ma Kina. Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i ka makahiki 1951, a ʻelua makahiki ma hope mai ua hoʻomaka ka mea kanu e hana i nā ʻāpana mokulele mua. Ua hoʻolālā mua ʻia e hana i nā mea kaua MiG-15bis e like me J-2, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia kēia mau hoʻolālā. Akā, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Factory No. 112 e hana i nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa noho ʻelua MiG-15UTI e like me ka JJ-2. Ma Harbin, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā mīkini jet RD-45F no lākou.

I ka makahiki 1955, ua hoʻomaka ka hana laikini o nā mea kaua MiG-17F ma lalo o ka helu J-5 ma Shenyang, ma mua mai nā ʻāpana i hoʻolako ʻia mai ka USSR. Ua lele ʻia ka J-5 i kūkulu ʻia e Kina ma Iulai 13, 1956. Ua hana ʻia nā ʻenekini WK-1F no kēia mokulele ma Shenyang Liming ma ke ʻano he WP-5. Ua hana ʻia ka J-5 a hiki i ka makahiki 1959, a ʻo 767 mau mīkini o kēia ʻano i ʻōwili ʻia mai ka laina hui. I ka manawa like me ka hana ʻana o ʻelima mau hale hana hale hana nui ma Shenyang, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi kikowaena noiʻi a me ke kūkulu hale, i kapa ʻia ʻo Institute No. . ʻO iaʻano manaʻo,ʻo ia hoʻi. ʻelua MiG-601, ʻaʻole i ka USSR. Ua lawe ʻia ka prototype JJ-5 i ka lewa ma Mei 5, 17, a ma 5 6 mau kaʻa o kēia ʻano i kūkulu ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e nā ʻenekini WK-1966A, WP-1986D i koho ʻia ma ka wahi.

Ma ka lā 17 o Dekemaba, 1958, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka J-6A mua, kahi palapala laikini o ka mea kaua MiG-19P, i lako me ka ʻike radar, i Shenyang. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o nā mīkini i hana ʻia e Soviet a ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ʻana a ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻololi iā ia i kahi mea kanu ma Nanchang, kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka hana laikini o nā mea like ʻole J-6B (MiG-19PM) i ka manawa like. he pahi kaua ea-i-ea. -1 (RS-2US). Ua lele ka J-6B mua ma Nanchang ma 28 Kepakemapa 1959. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea i hiki mai i kēia, a i ka makahiki 1963, ua hoʻopau ʻia nā hana a pau i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana o J-6A a me J-6B. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ma Shenyang e hoʻokumu i ka hana ʻana i kahi mea "maʻalahi" J-6 fighter (MiG-19S), me ka ʻike ʻole o ka radar. Ua hāpai ʻia ke kope mua i ka lewa i ka lā 30 o Kepakemapa, 1959, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe mea i hiki mai. ʻAʻole i hoʻomaka hou ka hana ʻana o ka J-6 a hiki i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike kūpono a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana (pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia, ʻaʻole like me nā kūlana mua o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole kōkua ka Soviet. hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa). Ua hoʻomaka ka J-6 mua o ka moʻo hou i ka lā 23 Kepakemapa 1963. He ʻumi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻano "non-radar" o ka J-6C i Shenyang (kahi lele prototype i mālama ʻia ma ʻAukake 6, 1969. ). ʻO ka huina, ua loaʻa i ka mokulele Kina ma kahi o 2400 J-6 mau mea kaua; ua hana ʻia he mau haneli hou aku no ka lawe ʻana aku. Eia kekahi, ua kūkulu ʻia nā 634 JJ-6 mau mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa noho ʻelua (ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ʻana ma 1986, a ua hoʻopau ʻia ke ʻano ma 2010 wale nō). Ua kūkulu mua ʻia nā ʻenekini WP-6 (RD-9B) ma Shenyang Liming, a laila ma Chengdu.

ʻO kekahi mokulele i hana ʻia ma Shenyang ʻo ia ka J-8 twin-engine interceptor a me kāna hoʻololi ʻana ʻo J-8-II. ʻO ka hoʻoholo e hoʻomohala i ia mokulele i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1964, a ʻo ia ka mokulele mokulele Kina mua i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka hale. Ua haʻalele ka prototype J-8 ma Iulai 5, 1969, akā ʻo ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana o ka mea hoʻolālā nui ʻo Liu Hongzhi i ka wā o ka Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution ma Kina ua alakaʻi i kahi lohi nui i ka hana ma ka J-8, ʻaʻohe ona mea hoʻolālā nui. no kekahi mau makahiki. makahiki. Hana ʻia ka hana Serial o ka J-8 a me ka J-8-I i hoʻonui ʻia ma 1985-87. Ua pau loa ka mokulele, no laila, i ka makahiki 1980, ua hoʻomaka ka hana ma kahi ʻano hou me ka ʻike radar ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma ke kakaka a me nā ʻaoʻao ma kahi o ka waena. Ua manaʻo ʻia e paʻa ʻia me nā missiles alakaʻi alakaʻi ea-a-ea. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi prototype o kēia mokulele ma Iune 12, 1984, a ma 1986 ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hana, akā aia wale nō i ka ʻano J-8-IIB ka mea kaua i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka semi-active radar-guided PL-11. nā missile. I ka huina, ma 2009, ma kahi o 400 mau mea kaua o kēia ʻano i kūkulu ʻia, ua hoʻololi ʻia kekahi o lākou i ka wā o ka hana.

I ka hapa lua o nā makahiki nineties, ua hoʻomaka ka mea kanu ʻo Shenyang i ka hana laikini o nā mea kaua Su-27SK Lūkia, i ʻike ʻia ma lalo o ka inoa kūloko J-11 (ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia kumuhana e ʻike ʻia ma kekahi ʻatikala ma kēia pukana).

ʻO ka hale hana mokulele mokulele nui ʻelua ma Kina ʻo Factory No. 132 ma Chengdu. Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana ma laila i ka makahiki 1964 (hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i ka makahiki 1958) a ʻo ka mea mua he mau mokulele J-5A (J-5 me ka ʻike radar; ʻaʻole paha lākou he mea hou, akā kūkulu hou ʻia) a ʻo nā mokulele JJ-5 i ʻākoakoa mai nā ʻāpana i lawe ʻia mai Shenyang. . . ʻO ka hope naʻe, ʻo ia ka MiG-21F-13 (J-7) fighter, hiki ke pālua i ka wikiwiki o ke kani a paʻa pū me R-3S (PL-2) alakaʻi i nā missiles ea-i-ea, homing. alakai infrared. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka J-7 i loko o kahi hale hana me kahi poʻe hana ʻike ʻole he pilikia nui, no laila ua hoʻomaka mua ka hana ʻana o J-7 ma Shenyang, lele mua ma 17 Ianuali 1966. Ma Chengdu, hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa wale nō ʻo ia ma hope, akā hoʻomaka ka hana piha piha i ʻekolu mau makahiki ma hope. Ma nā mana hou i hoʻonuiʻia, ua kūkuluʻia ma kahi o 2500 J-7 mau mea kaua, ua hoʻopauʻia ka hanaʻana i ka makahiki 2013. Eia kekahi, ma 1986-2017. ma Guizhou, ua hana ʻia kahi mana ʻelua noho o ka JJ-7 (ua hoʻolako pū ka mea kanu i nā ʻāpana no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mokulele kaua J-7 ma Chengdu). Ua kūkulu mua ʻia nā ʻenekini WP-7 (R11F-300) ma Shenyang Liming a ma hope aku ʻo Guizhou Liyang. Ua hana pū ka mea kanu hope i kahi WP-13 i hoʻonui ʻia no nā mea hakakā hou (ua hoʻohana pū ʻia nā ʻano ʻenekini ʻelua i nā mea hakakā J-8).