He pule hou a me ka pākaukau hou: Na-ion (sodium-ion), e like me nā ʻāpana me Li-ion, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi.
Ua hana nā mea noiʻi ma ke Kulanui o Washington State (WSU) i kahi pākaukau "paʻakai hou" e hoʻohana ana i ka sodium ma mua o ka lithium. Aia ka Sodium (Na) i ka hui o nā metala alkali, loaʻa nā waiwai kemika like, no laila, loaʻa i nā cell e pili ana iā ia ka manawa e hoʻokūkū ai me Li-ion. Ma ka liʻiliʻi ma kekahi mau noi.
ʻO nā pānaʻi Na-ion: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, haʻahaʻa iki i ka lithium-ion, ma lalo o ka noiʻi
ʻO ka sodium kekahi o nā mea ʻelua i ka paʻakai pākaukau sodium chloride (NaCl). ʻAʻole like me ka lithium, loaʻa ka nui ma nā waihona (paʻakai pōhaku) a ma nā kai a me nā moana. No laila, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā cell Na-ion ma mua o nā cell lithium-ion, a ma ke ala, pono lākou e kūkulu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea like a me nā hale e like me nā cell lithium-ion.
Ua hana ʻia ka hana ma nā pūnaewele Na-ion ma kahi o 50-40 mau makahiki i hala, akā ua hoʻopau ʻia ma hope. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka sodium ion ma mua o ka lithium ion, no laila pilikia nā mea i ka mālama ʻana i kahi uku kūpono. ʻO ke ʻano o ka graphite - nui ka nui no nā ion lithium - ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī no ka sodium.
Ua ʻike hou ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei e like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka pono o nā kelepona uila hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia. Ua hana ka poʻe ʻepekema WSU i ka pāpaʻi sodium-ion pono e mālama i ka nui o ka ikehu e like me ko ka pā lithium-ion like. Eia hou, ua ola ka pākaukau i nā pōʻai hoʻoili 1 a ua mālama ʻia ma mua o 000 pakeneka o kona mana kumu (mua).
Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua he "maikaʻi" i ka honua o nā pā lithium-ion. Eia nō naʻe, no nā mea me nā ion sodium, ua paʻakikī ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o nā kristal sodium ma ka cathode. No laila, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi papa pale o ka metal oxide a me kahi electrolyte me nā ion sodium dissolved, kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka hale. Ua holomua.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka cell Na ion ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka ikehu, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke nānā ʻia ka nui o ka lithium a me ka sodium atoms. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai hiki ke pilikia kēia pilikia i kahi kaʻa uila, ʻaʻole pili ia i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu. ʻOiai inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka Na-ion e like me ka lithium-ion, ʻelua a ʻekolu mau manawa haʻahaʻa i kāna kumukūʻai e maopopo ai ke koho.
ʻO kēia wale nō ka mea mua loa i loko o kekahi mau makahiki ...
E hoihoi paha kēia iā ʻoe:
