Nāʻano a me nāʻano o ka hana wahie

ʻO nā mea e hāʻawi i ka ikehu wela ke puhi ʻia a he mau mea maka no kekahi mau ʻoihana koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia he wahie. Mai ka loaʻa ʻana ma muli o ka hana ʻana, a i ʻole ma ke ʻano i kona ʻano kumu, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā mea kūlohelohe a kūlohelohe.

No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono o nā kemika hou. ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, he mea nui ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka wahie. ʻO ka maikaʻi o nā wahie i loaʻa a me nā lubricants a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana iā ia. ʻO ka hopena, loaʻa i ke kanaka nā mea waiwai nui o ka hydrocarbon, i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO kēia ka wahie diesel (kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo), ka ʻaila, kerosene a me nā huahana waiwai ʻē aʻe.

Mahalo i nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī, ua loaʻa i ke kanaka nā wahie waiwai a me nā lubricants

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i ka wahie ma muli o ke kūlana o ka hui ʻana

No ka maʻalahi, he mea maʻamau ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻano āpau, nā kūlohelohe a me nā mea hana: e like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana i loko. ʻO ia:

• Paʻa.
• Waiwai.
• kinoea.

Mahalo i kāna kaʻa maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi ma o nā pipelines, hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kinoea ma ke ʻano he wahie no ka hoʻomehana ākea a ma ka ʻoihana ʻoihana.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i nā wahie maikaʻi no kāu mau pono e hāʻawi i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻoili wela. 

Hoʻohui honua

Nā hana no ka hana ʻana i nā wahie wai 

ʻO ka aila ke kumu o ka ikehu, wahie, 80-85% i loko o kahi hui paʻakikī o nā kalapona. Mai ka 10 a hiki i ka 14% i helu ʻia e ka hydrogen, ʻo ke koena he mau haumia paʻa. ʻO ia ka hana ʻana i ka aila i loko o ka wahie diesel, ka ʻaila a me nā mea puhi ahi ʻē aʻe kahi ʻoihana e hāʻawi i ka heluna me nā wahie waiwai a me nā lubricants.

Ma mua o ka hana ʻana, hoʻouna ʻia ia i nā mea hoʻokaʻawale kūikawā, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai nā haumia mai nā kinoea a me ka ʻaila. Hana ʻia kēia mau kaʻina hana ma ke kaomi ʻana i nā kinoea me ko lākou hoʻomaha ʻana. ʻAe kēia ʻenehana iā ʻoe e kiʻi i ka ʻaila ma kona ʻano wai.

Aia kekahi ala ʻē aʻe: hoʻokele ʻia ke kinoea ma o ka ʻaila lā, a maʻalahi ke hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻaila. I ka pae aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kinoea, a hoʻouna ʻia i ke kikowaena compressor. Ma hope o ka wehe ʻia ʻana o ke kinoea, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻaila mai ka wai, ka paʻakai, ka pālolo, ke one, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

I mea e loaʻa ai i ka ʻoihana nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila - ka wahie diesel, ka ʻaila a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano 2:

1.Kikino (distillation). ʻO kēia ka māhele ʻana i nā hakina. Hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ma 2 mau ʻanuʻu: lawe ʻia ka ʻaila ʻenekini ma lalo o ke kaomi. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka aila wahie, a laila hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana vacuum a me nā hoʻonohonoho kūikawā. Ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke loaʻa mai 10 a 25% o ka ʻaila mai nā mea maka.

Pono ka distillation i nā mea hana kūikawā: ka lewa a i ʻole ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka atmospheric-vacuum. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi kapuahi paipu, nā mea hoʻololi wela, nā pumps, spec. nā mea hana. Me kā lākou kōkua, hoʻomehana ʻia ka ʻaila, a, hoʻolapalapa, huli i ke kinoea, a, hoʻokaʻawale, piʻi ia, a kahe ka aila wahie.

2.Kemika (pyrolysis, māwae, etc.). Ke ulu nui nei ia mau ʻano hana, ʻoiai ke hana nei lākou i nā huahana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a me ka nui o ka nui. He kaʻina hana kemika a me ka wela ka haki ʻana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā molekole hydrocarbon kaumaha. ʻO ka hopena, loaʻa nā huahana me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano i ka 70% o ka ʻaila mai nā mea maka.

Ma waena o nā derivatives o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila, aia ʻekolu mau pūʻulu nui:

• Ka wahie (boiler, jet and motor).
• Lubricants (ʻaila ʻenehana a me ka momona).
• ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe (bitumen, paraffin, acids, petroleum jelly, plastic, etc.).

I kēia manawa, he mea nui ka hana ʻana i ka aila i loko o ka wahie diesel no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hana maʻamau o ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana. Hoʻohana ʻia ka wahie Diesel no ke kaʻaahi, ke alanui, ka halihali koa. ʻO ka wahie Diesel kekahi huahana maʻalahi no ka hoʻomehana ʻana, ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea hana a me nā boilers mini. I kēia lā, koi nui ka wahie diesel kiʻekiʻe ma waena o ka lehulehu.

He mea koʻikoʻi nā huahana aila ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni 

ʻO nā kumu nui o ka hanaʻana i nā wahie paʻa

ʻO ka peat, ka anthracite, ka lignite a me ka lanahu paʻakikī e hana i nā kaʻina multiphase. ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā wahie paʻa he hoʻololi non-catalytic i nā wela kiʻekiʻe loa, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ai lākou i koena paʻa, kinoea a me ka wai. Aia nā ʻano 4: hydrogenation luku, coking, semi-coking a me gasification.

Ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka lanahu no ka coking, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, ʻoki ʻia, hoʻonui ʻia a maloʻo. Hana ʻia ka hana i loko o nā umu coke no 13-14 mau hola. ʻO ke kinoea i loaʻa ma kēia ʻano he mau mea waiwai nui: benzene, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hopena: resins, gas, coke a me semi-coke, slag i loaʻa i ka minsol, nā mea pani no nā huahana petroleum, me ka kerosene, ka wahie diesel, ka ʻaila, etc. 

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pōhaku paʻakikī e loaʻa i nā huahana waiwai no ka ʻoihana

ʻO ka hana kiʻekiʻe o ka wahie diesel mai nā mea kanu maikaʻi loa

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka wahie diesel he kaʻina hana paʻakikī e hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia e kahi ʻaila hinu nui e like me nā pae āpau o ka ʻenehana. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wahie diesel kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻomalu pono i nā pae āpau. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka wahie Diesel he ʻekolu mau pae:

• Ka hana mua.
• hana lua.
• Huihui mea.

Hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi a me nā mea kūʻai aku o ka wahie diesel.

He paʻakikī ke koho ʻana i kahi ākea ākea ma kāu iho. Hiki iā ʻoe ke noi i ke kōkua mai nā luna o LLC TK "AMOKS". Ke hana nei kēia hui wahie ma ka mākeke no ʻumi makahiki. E kōkua kā mākou limahana iā ʻoe e koho i ke koho maikaʻi loa no ʻoe, e helu i ke kumukūʻai o ka wahie, wehewehe i nā ʻōlelo o ka uku a me ka lawe ʻana. Hāʻawi mākou i nā huahana kiʻekiʻe ma nā kumukūʻai kūpono. E hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou i kēia manawa, e hauʻoli mākou e hui pū!

ʻO ka hāʻawi manawaleʻa o ka wahie diesel, ka ʻaila, nā wahie a me nā lubricants i kēlā me kēia leo

He mau nīnau?