Mahina Pōmaikaʻi a me ka Pohō F-35 Mua

Hoʻomākaukau ka pūʻali hoʻāʻo USMC VX-35 F-23B e pae ma luna o ka mea lawe mokulele ʻo HMS Queen Elizabeth. ʻOiai ua hōʻailona ʻia nā kaʻa ʻelua i hoʻāʻo ʻia me ke kamaʻāina ʻAmelika, aia ka poʻe Pelekania ma nā mana - ʻo Lieutenant Commander Nathan Gray o ka Royal Navy a me Major Andy Edgell o ka Royal Air Force, nā lālā ʻelua o ka Multinational Test Group i ka ʻāpana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma US. Naval Base Patuxent River.

ʻO Sepatemaba kekahi mahina nui ʻē aʻe i kēia makahiki no ka papahana mokulele kaua multirole F-35 Lightning II, ʻo ia ka mea kaua pipiʻi loa ma ka honua i kēia manawa ma kāna papa.

ʻO ka hui nui ʻana o nā hanana nui o ka mahina i hala ma muli o nā kumu he nui - ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana no kēia manawa o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma luna o ka mokulele mokulele Pelekane ʻo HMS Queen Elizabeth, ka hopena o ka makahiki kālā 2018 ma United States a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā kūkākūkā no ka 11th. kauoha paʻi palena ʻole. Eia kekahi, aia nā hanana me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻohana kaua ʻana o ka F-35, me ka nalowale o kekahi o nā kaʻa i kahi ulia.

ʻaelike no ka pūʻulu hoʻolauna aʻe

Ma ka lā 28 o Kepakemapa, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Lockheed Martin i ka pau ʻana o nā kūkākūkā me ka US Department of Defense e pili ana i kahi kauoha no ka pūʻulu 11 o nā kaʻa haʻahaʻa F-35. ʻO ka ʻaelike nui loa a hiki i kēia lā he 11,5 biliona kālā ʻAmelika a e uhi i ka hana a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā kope 141 o nā hoʻololi āpau. Ke hana nei nā Uila II ma 16 mau kahua mokulele a ua lele kokoke i 150 mau hola.

Ma muli o ka nele o kahi ʻōlelo kūhelu mai ka Ministry of Defense, ʻike wale ʻia kekahi mau kikoʻī o ka ʻaelike, i hōʻike ʻia e ka mea hana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo nui loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai o ka mana nui loa o ka F-35A - ma ka pūʻulu 11 he 89,2 miliona mau kālā ʻAmelika (he emi ʻana o 5,1 miliona mau kālā ʻAmelika e pili ana i ka pūʻulu 10). Loaʻa kēia nui i kahi airframe i hoʻopau ʻia me kahi ʻenekini - ʻo Lockheed Martin lāua ʻo Pratt & Whitney e hana mau nei i nā hana i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻemi i ke kumukūʻai ʻāpana i US $ 80 miliona, pono e hoʻokō ʻia ma kahi o 2020. Ma ka huli, he $35 miliona (he $115,5 miliona ka ho'ēmiʻana) hoʻokahi F-6,9B a me ka F-35C he $107,7 miliona (he $13,5 miliona hoʻemi). USA). ʻO nā kaʻa i kauoha ʻia, 91 e hele i ka US Armed Forces, a ʻo ke koena 50 e hele i nā mea kūʻai aku. E kūkulu ʻia kekahi hapa o ka mokulele ma nā laina hui hope loa ma Iapana a me Italia (me nā mokulele no Netherlands). E hana ʻia nā ʻāpana 102 ma ka mana F-35A, 25 mau mana F-35B a me 14 e pili ana i ka mana F-35C. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka makahiki aʻe a kiʻekiʻe ma ka papahana F-35. Hāʻawi ka ʻaelike i ke ala no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kūkākūkā kikoʻī ma ka ʻaelike lōʻihi (nui-nui) mua, hiki ke uhi i kahi 450 mau hoʻololi like ʻole o ka F-35 i ka manawa like.

I nā pule e hiki mai ana, ʻo nā hanana koʻikoʻi o ka papahana ʻo ia ka distillation o nā F-35 serial mua e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā mea loaʻa - Australia a me ka Repubalika o Korea, e hui pū me Iapana, Israel, Italia, Netherlands, UK a me Norewai. , nona ka F-35 i hoʻokahi kapuaʻi ma hope ou i kēia. ʻO ka embargo ma ka hoʻouna ʻana aku i ka F-35A i Turkey he mea i hoʻoholo ʻole ʻia. I kēia manawa, hoʻonoho ʻia nā mokulele Turkish ʻelua ma ke kahua ʻo Luke, kahi e aʻo ʻia ai nā pailaka a me nā ʻenehana no kahi ʻano mokulele hou. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, he waiwai lākou o ke aupuni Tureke a ʻaʻole hiki ke hopu ʻia e nā ʻAmelika, akā aia mau ka puka i ke ʻano o ka nele o ke kākoʻo inā hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i Turkey. ʻO ka mea hoʻokele mua Turkish o ka Lightning II ʻo Major Halit Oktay, nāna i holo mua ma ka F-35A ma ʻAukake 28 o kēia makahiki. E ʻae ʻo Congress a ʻaʻole paha e hāʻawi i nā mokulele ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i kahi hōʻike hui e pili ana i ka mokuʻāina o ka pili politika-koa me Turkey, e hōʻike pū ʻia e ka Moku'āina ʻOihana a me ke Keʻena ʻOihana i Nowemapa.

ʻO kekahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka papahana ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ka hale. I ka mahina o Kepakemapa, ua hoʻolaha ka mea hana a me ka 'Oihana Hoʻomalu i ka hoʻāʻo luhi o ka mana F-35A i hōʻike i kahi manawa lele pilikia ʻole o 24 mau hola. ʻO ka nele o nā pilikia hiki ke ʻae i ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana, hiki ke ʻae i ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi. E like me ka mea i koi ʻia, loaʻa i ka F-000A ke ola lawelawe o 35 mau hola lele. Eia naʻe, hōʻike nā haʻawina hou e hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ma mua o 8000 - hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka nani o ke kūʻai ʻana i F-10, no ka mea e mālama kālā i ka wā e hiki mai ana a i ʻole e uku no, no ka laʻana, nā mea hoʻonui.

Hoʻomaka ka F-35B ma Afghanistan

Wahi a nā manaʻo mua, ʻo ka huakaʻi hana o ka pūʻulu pae hoʻokele, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka honua landing craft (LHD-2) USS Essex, he manawa kūpono no ka hoʻomaka kaua ʻana o ka F-35B o ka US Marine Corps. Ua haʻalele ka hui i ke kahua ʻo San Diego i Iulai, a ma luna o ka moku ua komo pū. mokulele o keia ano squadron VMFA-211. I ka manawa like, ua lilo ʻo ʻAmelika i mea hoʻohana lua i nā mīkini o kēia ʻano ma hope o ka ʻIseraʻela, nāna i hoʻohana i kā lākou F-35 i kahi misionari kaua.

Ma Sepatemaba 35, he helu ʻike ʻole ʻia o F-27B i hahau i nā pahuhopu ma ka moku ʻo Afghan o Kandahar, e like me ka ʻōlelo kūhelu. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mīkini mai Essex, e hana ana ia manawa ma ke Kai Arabia. ʻO ka lele ʻana ma luna o ka pahu hopu, ʻo ia ka pono o nā lele lele ʻana o Pakistan a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lewa. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka hoihoi o ka nānā ʻana i nā kiʻi i hoʻolaha ʻia ma hope o kēia hanana.