ʻO kaʻaila
Nā mea
E ʻike pehea e wehewehe ai i kahi hue aila
Piha ka mākeke i nā aila a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka wehewehe ʻana i nā helu i kākau ʻia ma nā panakō, ʻoiai ʻo nā kūlana i kākau ʻia ma ka panakō mai nā hui like ʻole. He ʻike no ka ʻohana ʻaila nui.
Synthesis, semi-synthesis, minerala
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻaila i 3 ʻohana. ʻO nā ʻaila synthetic ka mea kiʻekiʻe a maikaʻi loa. He kūpono lākou no nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe e like me hypersport. Hauʻoli ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa me ka ʻaila semi-synthetic me ka pilikia ʻole: waena waena, ʻaila synthetic a me ka hui ʻaila mineral. Aia ka ʻaila mineral ma lalo o ka unahi. Hele pololei mai ia mai ka ʻaila ʻaila i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.
SAE: viscosity
He maʻamau kēia i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Society of Automotive Engineers e kālele ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka viscosity o kahi aila.
Hoʻoholo ka Viscosity i ke kū'ē i ke kahe ʻana o ka ʻaila ma ke ʻano he hana o ka mahana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pili ka viscosity o ka ʻaila i kona mahana hana.
Aia ka helu mua i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka viscosity anuanu. No laila, noho ka aila 0W i ka wai a hiki i -35 ° C. No laila e hele wikiwiki a piʻi i ke kaapuni lubrication e lubricate i nā mea āpau. Hōʻike ka helu ʻelua i ka viscosity wela (ana ʻia ma 100 ° C). Hōʻike kēia i ke kū'ē o kaʻaila a me kona hiki ke pale i nā mahana wela. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka huahelu mua (a hiki i 0) a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka helu lua (a hiki i 60), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka wai o ka aila i helu ʻia he 0W60 a alakaʻi i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana, ʻoi aku hoʻi no ka mīkini ʻelemakule.
API
Ua hoʻokumu ka American Petroleum Institute i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā aila e pili ana i kekahi mau pae, e like me ka dispersibility, detergent, a i ʻole ka pale corrosion. Ma muli o kāna hana, hoʻoili ka ʻaila i kahi leka ma hope o S (no ka lawelawe): SA, SB… S.J. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēlā leka ma ka pīʻāpā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana. ʻO ke kūlana SJ ka mea maikaʻi loa i kēia lā.
CCMC
He kūlana ʻEulopa kēia a ke lawelawe ʻia nei e ka Association of European Automobile Manufacturers. Hōʻike ʻia ka hana e kahi helu i hoʻopili ʻia i ka leka G, mai G1 a i G5. Ua hoʻololi ʻia kēia maʻamau ma 1991 e ka maʻamau ACEA.
KELA
Ua hoʻonohonoho ka Association of European Automobile Manufacturers i kahi kūlana hou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila. ʻO kēia hoʻohālikelike he hui pū ʻana o kahi leka a me kahi helu. Hoʻomaopopo ka leka i ka wahie (A = ʻenekini ʻaila, B = ʻenekini diesel). Hōʻike ka helu i ka hana a hiki ke loaʻa mai ka 1 (ka liʻiliʻi) a hiki i ka 3 (maikaʻi).
hopena
No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā palena ʻenekini kaʻa kaʻa, pono e hoʻohana i nā aila kaʻa kaʻa kūikawā.
Ua'ōlelo pinepineʻiaʻaʻole pono e hui pūʻia nāʻaila likeʻole. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā aila mai nā mea hana like ʻole, inā like nā ʻano o nā aila: laʻana 5W10, etc.
