Nā ʻaila no nā ʻenekini like ʻole

Koho ʻia ka ʻaila ʻenekini e ka mea hana kaʻa me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka laulā viscosity a me ka papa o ka ʻaila. ʻO kēia nā kuhikuhi kumu e pili ana i ka mea hoʻohana.

I kēia manawa, kūʻai ʻia nā aila kaʻa o nā mea hana nui a pau. He nui nā mea nona nā kaʻa e koho mai, a ʻo nā hoʻolaha hoʻolaha hoʻolaha e hōʻike nui ʻia nei.

Pono e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka kohoʻana o kaʻaila engine i hanaʻia e ka mea hana kaʻa, e hōʻike ana i ka laulā viscosity a me ka papa maikaʻi o kaʻaila. ʻO kēia nā kuhikuhi kumu e pili ana i ka mea hoʻohana.

ʻO ka ʻenehana no ka hana ʻana i nā aila kaʻa hou i loko o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui waiwai me nā hana like ʻole i loko o nā aila kumu. Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻāpana kumu o ka ʻaila kaʻa ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻaila - a laila kapa ʻia ka ʻaila ʻaila mineral, a i ʻole hiki ke loaʻa ma ke ʻano he huahana o ka synthesis kemika - a laila kapa ʻia ka ʻaila. "Synthetics".

ʻO nā aila kaʻa, ʻoiai lākou e lubricate i ka ʻenekini, loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana, a ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā hoʻohālikelike e hoʻohālikelike iā lākou. ʻIke maikaʻi ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka SAE viscosity, ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā māka 6 o nā aila kau wela (hōʻailona ʻia 20, 30, 40, 50-60) a me nā aila hoʻoilo (hōʻailona ʻia 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W). Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea liʻiliʻi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka maikaʻi - ka European ACEA a me ka American API. ʻO ka mea hope i loko o ka hui o nā ʻenekini me ka spark ignition (gasoline) hoʻokaʻawale i nā papa, i hōʻike ʻia e nā leka o ka alphabet - mai SA a SJ. No nā ʻenekini hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (diesel), hoʻohana ʻia nā papa CA a CF. Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau mea, aia nā koi i kūkulu ʻia e nā mea hana mīkini e like me Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, MAN.

Hana nā ʻaila i nā hana he nui i loko o nā ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko. ʻO Viscosity ke kuleana no ka lubricating o ka mea hoʻokele, hoʻopaʻa a me ka damping vibrations, no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe - detergent a me nā waiwai dispersant, no ka pale anti-corrosion - helu kumu waiwai, a no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa engine - nā waiwai wela. I ka hana ʻana o ka ʻaila, hoʻololi kona mau palena. Hoʻonui ka ʻike o ka wai a me nā haumia, ʻo ka helu alkaline, lubricating a me ka holoi ʻana i nā waiwai e emi iho, aʻo kahi mea koʻikoʻi nui, viscosity, hiki ke hoʻonui a emi paha.

Hiki ke koho maʻalahi ka ʻaila ʻenekini inā e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia mau manaʻo. E hahai mau i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi i loko o ka puke a ka mea nona kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōlelo paipai. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka aila, e hōʻino wale i nā kuʻina āpau o ka viscosity a me nā papa maikaʻi, e noʻonoʻo wale i ke kumukūʻai. Mai hoʻololi i ka ʻaila mineral me ka ʻaila semi-synthetic a i ʻole synthetic. Ma waho aʻe o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui synthetic-based, me nā detergents. Me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka hiki, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia e holoi ʻia nā waihona i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o ka ʻenekini, a e alo ka mea nona ka hoʻoponopono pipiʻi. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻelua no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila "kahiko" ʻo ia ka hana ʻana o nā ʻaila mineral i kahi kiʻi ʻaila ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma nā ʻāpana ʻānai e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka ʻenekini, e alakaʻi ana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻaila a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa leo mai nā āpau nui. Hāʻawi kahi kiʻi ʻaila ʻoi aku ka hohonu i ka hohonu o nā āpau nui i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka mileage kiʻekiʻe.

Ua lawa nā ʻaila minerala no nā ʻenekini ʻelua-valve kahiko me ka mile mile kiʻekiʻe.

Loaʻa i nā ʻenekini puhi ahi o nā kaʻa hou i ka mana kiʻekiʻe loa, i hui pū ʻia me nā haʻahaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā wikiwiki rotational kiʻekiʻe. I kēia manawa, kūkulu ʻia nā ʻenekini me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoili kinoea hou e like me multi-valve, i lako me nā ʻōnaehana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka manawa o ka valve a me ka hoʻonui. Pono lākou i nā ʻaila e hoʻokō pono i nā koi ʻenehana. Pono ka mānoanoa o ka ʻaila kiʻi e laha ana ma waena o nā ʻāpana ʻōpala i mea e pale ai i ka hamo metala, akā ʻaʻole mānoanoa i ʻole e hoʻoulu i ke kūʻē nui. No ka mea, ʻaʻole pili ka ʻaila i ka lōʻihi wale nō, akā ʻo ka walaʻau engine a me ka hoʻohana wahie. No kēia mau mana mana, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia e mālama i ka pae a me ka maikaʻi o ka ʻaila i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea hana. ʻO kēia, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, nā aila synthetic kiʻekiʻe me nā hui o nā mea hoʻohui kūikawā. Hiki i nā loli ke loaʻa nā hopena hana i manaʻo ʻole ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā wā wai i 30 mau kilomita.

Hoʻopau kēlā me kēia ʻenekini i ka aila i ka wā e hana ai. I nā ʻāpana hou, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana mai 0,05 a 0,3 lita no 1000 km. Ma nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe ka mileage, piʻi ka ʻaʻahu i ke komo ʻana o nā apo piston a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka aila e hele ai. I ka hoʻoilo, i ka wā e hoʻokele ai i nā wahi pōkole, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻaila ma mua o ke kauwela, i ka wā e wela ana ka ʻenekini.