ʻO nā aila CBD a me nā mea hemp

I kēia mau lā, ua piʻi nui ka kaulana o ka hoʻomākaukau cannabis. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana me ka cannabis i kōkua i kekahi ʻāpana i kēia ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole like nā ʻaila hemp i loaʻa i ke kānāwai me ka marijuana no ka mea ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka THC ʻona. Ma kēia kikokikona, e pane mākou i nā nīnau penei: he aha ka hemp, he aha nā aila CBD, pehea e loaʻa ai, he aha ka mea i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i ko lākou hopena i ke kino o ke kanaka?

Kauka N. Pharm. Maria Kaspshak

'Ōlelo Aʻo: ʻO kēia kikokikona no ka ʻike ʻike, ʻaʻole ia he ʻano o ka mālama ponoʻī ʻana, ʻaʻole a hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi i kahi kūkākūkā pilikino me ke kauka!

He mea kanu ʻo Hemp i mahi ʻia no nā kenekulia

Hemp, a i ʻole Cannabis sativa, kahi mea kanu i kanu ʻia i loaʻa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. E like me kekahi moʻomeheu, nui nā ʻano sub-species a me nā ʻano o ka cannabis, kēlā me kēia me ko lākou ʻano ʻokoʻa. Ua mahi ʻia ʻo Hemp no nā kenekulia no nā fiber i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ke kaula, ke kaula a me ka huki, a me nā lole (no laila ke ʻano o ka hemp). Ua paʻi ʻia ka aila Hemp mai nā hua, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka meaʻai a me nā hana ʻoihana - no ka laʻana, no ka hana ʻana i nā pena a me nā varnish. Ma kēia ʻano, ua like ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hemp me ka flax (i ulu pū ʻia no ka fiber a me ka ʻaila), a ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka pulupulu i ʻEulopa, ʻo ka flax a me ka hemp nā kumu nui o nā mea kanu no nā lole a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi, ʻo ia ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka mahi ʻai rapeseed ma Polani, ʻo ia ka ʻaila hemp, ma hope o ka ʻaila linseed a, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, ka aila hua poppy, ʻo ia ka ʻaila meaʻai kaulana loa ma ka ʻāina Polani. Ua kaulana loa ka ʻai ʻana i nā aila mea kanu i ka wā Advent a me Lent, i ka wā i hoʻokē ʻai ʻia ai nā momona holoholona a ʻaʻole i pau.

Hemp, hemp, marijuana - he aha ka ʻokoʻa?

I kēia manawa, makemake nui ʻia ka hemp ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi ma kēia ʻano nā inflorescences wahine, waiwai nui i nā mea biologically active, ʻoi aku ka cannabinoids (a i ʻole: cannabinoids) a me terpenes. ʻO ka mea hoʻohui no ka hopena narcotic o ka cannabis he delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), kahi mea ʻona e hoʻoulu ai i nā manaʻo o ka euphoria, hoʻomaha, hoʻololi i ka ʻike o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, etc. No kēia kumu, THC a me ka cannabis i loaʻa. ʻoi aku ma mua o 0,2% THC ma ke ʻano o ka paona maloʻo, ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he lāʻau lapaʻau ma Polani, a ʻo kā lākou kūʻai a hoʻohana ʻana he kānāwai ʻole.

ʻO Cannabis (Cannabis sativa subsp. Indica, cannabis) he kiʻekiʻe o THC. ʻO nā ʻano Cannabis i loaʻa nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o THC ua helu ʻia he hemp ʻoihana (Cannabis sativa, hemp), ʻaʻohe ona waiwai, a ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia kā lākou mahi ʻana a kūʻai aku. Inā he mau ʻano like ʻole ka cannabis a me ka cannabis industrial, a i ʻole ʻelua mau ʻano ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻohe kuʻikahi piha, akā no ka mea hoʻohana maʻamau, ʻaʻole ka mea nui ka hoʻohālikelike botanical.

ʻO Cannabinoids a me terpenes nā phytochemical i loaʻa i ka cannabis

Loaʻa i ka Cannabis sativa ka nui o THC, akā aia nā pūhui ʻē aʻe i helu ʻia he cannabinoids (a i ʻole cannabinoids), me CBD - cannabidiol (cannabidiol) a me terpenes, ʻo ia hoʻi. nā mea i loaʻa i loko o nā mea kanu he nui me ke ʻano a me ke ʻala ʻoluʻolu. ʻAʻohe waiwai ʻona ʻo CBD no nā kānaka a ʻaʻole hoʻohui. ʻO nā cannabinoids a me nā terpenes o ka cannabis ka mea nui loa i ka lauoho glandular e ulu ana ma nā inflorescences wahine. ʻO kā lākou mea huna, a me ka resin hemp i loaʻa i kēia mau pūhui, paʻa loa a mālama paha i ka mea kanu mai ka maloʻo ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka microbial inā ʻeha.

ʻO nā Terpenes e like me pinenes, terpineol, limonene, linalool, myrcene (a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui) ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka cannabis wale nō, akā i loko o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka poʻe me ka ʻala ikaika. He mau mea ia i loko o nā aila a me nā mea ʻala maoli maoli, a me nā mea ʻala i hoʻohui ʻia i nā mea hoʻonaninani. Loaʻa i kekahi o lākou nā waiwai antibacterial e hoʻoponopono i ka digestion a me ka huna ʻana o ka bile (no ka laʻana, alpha a me beta pinene). Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi allergies, no laila e hoʻohana ka poʻe maʻi maʻi me ka akahele.

Nā hopena Therapeutic o nā cannabinoids - nā hoʻomākaukau i loaʻa THC a me CBD

Hana nā Cannabinoids i ke kino o ke kanaka ma o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo cannabinoid receptors, i loaʻa i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve a me nā cell o ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO kēia mau mea loaʻa he ʻāpana o kekahi o nā "ala kamaʻilio a me nā ala hoʻoponopono" i loko o ke kino, e like me ka opioid receptors a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana endocannabinoid i loko o ke kino e hoʻoponopono i ka nui o nā hana physiological, e like me ke ʻano a me ka makemake, a me ka pane ʻana o ka immune, a me ka hopena i ka ʻōnaehana endocrine. Hoʻopilikia ikaika ʻo Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) i nā mea loaʻa i ka lolo, e hoʻoulu ai, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ka manaʻo o ka ʻona. ʻO Cannabidiol (CBD) he mea liʻiliʻi ka hopena i nā mea hoʻokipa cannabinoid, akā ma nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ka histamine. Hoʻololi paha ia i nā hopena o THC.

 Ua loaʻa nā anabinoids i kā lākou noi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kahi lāʻau i loaʻa i ka THC synthetic, dronabinol, ua ʻae ʻia e ka US FDA e hōʻoluʻolu i ka luaʻi a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻai i nā maʻi maʻi AIDS a me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. Loaʻa ʻo Sativex i loko o THC a me CBD ma Polani a ua hōʻike ʻia no ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka spasticity (ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka ʻiʻo nui) i nā maʻi me ka sclerosis lehulehu. ʻO ka Epidiolex kahi hana hou i ʻae ʻia e loaʻa ana ka CBD maʻemaʻe i ka aila sesame, i hōʻike ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i kekahi ʻano o ka epilepsy i nā keiki - Dravet syndrome a me Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa ma Polani.

ʻO nā aila hemp a me nā aila CBD - he aha nā mea i loko a pehea e loaʻa ai?

ʻO nā aila hemp he ʻaila hua hemp. He meaʻai waiwai lākou, he ʻono ʻoluʻolu a loaʻa i nā omega-3 a me omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids i loko o kahi ratio kūpono. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka ʻaila CBD ka mea maʻamau i nā aila mea kanu (hemp a i ʻole) me ka hoʻohui ʻana o kahi extract (extract) mai nā ʻāpana ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka hemp - nā lau a i ʻole nā ​​pua. A - ma muli o kā lākou hoʻopaʻa ʻana - ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ko lākou ʻono.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o kēia extract he cannabidiol (CBD), no laila ka inoa o kēia mau lāʻau. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i ka hemp extract nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe (a i ʻole phytochemicals, mai ka Greek "phyton" - mea kanu), ʻo ia hoʻi nā cannabinoids ʻē aʻe, terpenes a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hemp i hoʻohana ʻia a me ke ʻano o ka unuhi ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi. unuhi. I kekahi manawa, kākau nā mea hana i ka "full spectrum" ma ka lepili e hōʻike ai ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻāpana cannabis piha. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik no ka unuhi ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka "holoi" a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā pūhui hoihoi mai nā mea kanu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā cannabinoids a me nā phytochemical ʻē aʻe i ka wai. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano nā hemahema - hiki i nā koena solvent ke hoʻohaumia i ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia, a pono e hoʻokuʻu pono ʻia nā koena. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ʻo supercritical CO2 extraction. ʻO ia hoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kalapona kalapona wai e like me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻo ia hoʻi. i nā kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo supercritical.

 He wehewehe paʻakikī kēia ma ke kahua o ka physics o nā mokuʻāina kino, akā ʻo ka mea nui iā mākou ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka carbon dioxide wai i nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia i ka wai, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa a, ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, e hoʻohemo maʻalahi me ka waiho ʻole ʻana i nā haumia. . No laila, ʻo kēia supercritical CO2 extraction he ʻano "maʻemaʻe" i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā meaʻai.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke heluhelu e pili ana i nā aila CBD i "decarboxylated". He aha ka manaʻo? ʻAe, nui nā cannabinoids i hana ʻia e nā mea kanu i kahi ʻano acidic. E hoʻomanaʻo mākou iā ʻoe mai ka papa kula ʻo ka hui o nā ʻakika organik he hui carboxyl, a i ʻole -COOH. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hua maloʻo a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana i kēia pūʻulu mai ka mole cannabinoid a hoʻokuʻu iā ia e like me carbon dioxide - CO2. He kaʻina hana decarboxylation kēia, no ka laʻana, cannabidiol (CBD) hiki ke loaʻa mai ka cannabidiolic acid (CBD).

He hopena ho'ōla paha ka aila CBD?

ʻO nā ʻāpana hemp, nā mea kanu lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻaila CBD e like me nā mea i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, e like me Epidiolex i loaʻa CBD? ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole like lākou. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻole lākou THC. ʻO ka lua, aia ʻo Epidiolex i ka cannabidiol maʻemaʻe i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ʻaila, i hoʻāʻo ʻia no nā ʻano kikoʻī. Loaʻa i ka ʻaila CBD kahi cocktail piha o nā pūhui cannabis like ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia pehea e hoʻololi ai ka hele ʻana o nā phytochemical ʻē aʻe i nā hopena o cannabidiol i ke kino. He ʻokoʻa loa ka ʻaila CBD o kekahi ʻoihana ma mua o ka mea ʻē aʻe, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā ʻano hemp like ʻole, nā ʻano hana, a me ka hoʻokele maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo kekahi mau haʻawina e pili ana i nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai i loaʻa nā aila CBD e hōʻike ana he ʻokoʻa paha ka ʻike maoli o ka cannabidiol a me nā mea ʻē aʻe mai nā mea i haʻi ʻia e ka mea hana, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mana o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakikī e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau. . ʻAʻole lawa ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e hōʻoia i nā waiwai ho'ōla o nā aila CBD no kekahi mau maʻi, no laila ʻaʻohe ʻano hoʻopaʻa paʻa e hiki ke hana i kekahi mau hopena.

No kēia mau kumu, ʻaʻole hiki ke manaʻo ʻia nā ʻaila CBD he lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka laʻana, ʻo Epidiolex ka like me ka ʻaila CBD. Pēlā nō, ʻaʻole like ka ʻili willow me ka aspirin. ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo ʻaʻole pili ka ʻaila CBD i ke kino a ʻaʻole hoʻololi i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi - ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi ka ʻike hilinaʻi, hōʻoia ʻia e pili ana i kēia kumuhana.

Pehea e hoʻohana palekana ai i nā aila CBD?

ʻOiai ka nele o nā hōʻike lapaʻau o nā hopena therapeutic o nā aila CBD, loaʻa iā lākou ma ka mākeke a lilo i mea kaulana. ʻAʻole lākou i kūʻai ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau, akā makemake nui ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo iā lākou. Inā koho ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā aila CBD, aia kekahi mau lula koʻikoʻi e hoʻomanaʻo.

• ʻO ka mea mua, e ʻimi i nā aila CBD kiʻekiʻe loa mai nā mea hana hilinaʻi. E nīnau e pili ana i ke kūlana hoʻopaʻa inoa huahana, nā palapala hōʻoia ʻana i ka haku mele, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hana ʻia e nā laboratories ʻaoʻao ʻekolu.
• ʻO ka lua, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e lawe ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i ka Cannabidiol a me nā phytochemicals ke launa pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi a hoʻomaikaʻi paha i kā lākou hopena a i ʻole ke kumu o nā hopena ʻona. Nui nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu e hoʻopilikia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau he nui (e like me St. John's wort a i ʻole grapefruit), no laila ʻaʻole "kūlohelohe" ke ʻano he "palekana ma lalo o nā kūlana āpau."
• E nānā me kāu mea mālama ola e ʻike inā hiki ke kōkua ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻaila CBD. Ma ka puke moʻolelo e ʻike ʻoe i nā kumu e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i kāu hoʻoholo.
• E hoʻoholo i ka nui a i ʻole ka lawelawe ʻana i ka aila āu e lawe pū ai me kāu kauka, ʻoi loa inā makemake ʻoe e kākoʻo i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. I ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o ka aila āu e lawe ai, e hoʻomanaʻo aia aia nā aila me nā pae like ʻole a me nā manaʻo o CBD, koho i kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā.
• Inā ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻē kāu kauka iā ʻoe, mai ʻoi aku ma mua o ke ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea hana.
• E makaʻala hiki i ka cannabidiol a me nā phytochemical ʻē aʻe ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke kino, ʻoi aku ka nui ma nā koina kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi. Hiki iā lākou, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiamoe, luhi, nausea, pilikia me ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa. Aia kekahi mau hana ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻia e mākou ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka noiʻi ma kēia wahi. E nānā i kāu pane!
• Mai hoʻohana i nā aila CBD inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia o ka ate a i ʻole ka puʻupaʻa, a i ʻole he hāpai a hānai ʻoe. E nīnau mau i kāu kauka inā kānalua!
• Mai hōʻole i ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka no ka ʻaila CBD "ho'ōla ponoʻī"! ʻOi loa inā he maʻi koʻikoʻi ʻoe, e like me ka maʻi kanesa, neurological a me ka maʻi noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hana i kēia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻeha nui iā ʻoe iho.

Hōʻike Pūnaewele

1. CANNABIDIOL (CBD), Hōʻike Manaʻo Koʻikoʻi, Kōmike Kūikawā e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, Kanahā Halawai, Geneva, 4–7 Iune 2018 https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf (dostęp 04.01.2021)
2. Nūpepa o nā kānāwai 2005 No. 179, art. 1485, AWA Act of July 29, 2005 for counteracting drug addiction. Nā loulou i ke kānāwai a me nā hana kānāwai ʻē aʻe: https://www.kbpn.gov.pl/portal?id=108828 (lā komo: 04.01.2021/XNUMX/XNUMX)
3. ʻIke e pili ana iā Sativex: https://www.mp.pl/pacjent/leki/lek/88409,Sativex-aerozol-do-stosowania-w-jamie-ustnej (Loaʻa: 04.01.2021/XNUMX/XNUMX)
4. ʻIke e pili ana iā Epidiolex (ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania): https://www.epidiolex.com (Loaʻa: 001.2021)
5. Nā memo aʻo: VanDolah HJ, Bauer BA, Mauck KF. "Alakaʻi Kauka no Cannabidiol a me Hemp Oils". Mayo Clean Proc. 2019 Sep;94(9):1840-1851 doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.003. Epub 2019, ʻAukake 22. PMID:31447137 https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/action/showPdf?pii=S0025-6196%2819%2930007-2 (dostęp 04.01.2021)
6. Arkadiusz Kazula "Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā cannabinoids kūlohelohe a me nā endocannabinoids i ka lāʻau lapaʻau", Postępy Farmakoterapii 65 (2) 2009, 147-160

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