ʻAilā mīkini

I loko o ka ʻenekini puhi ahi, aia kahi pilina pili ma waena o kona hoʻolālā ʻana, ka maikaʻi o ka aila a me ka maikaʻi o ka wahie. No laila, pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻaila kūpono.

I loko o ka ʻenekini puhi ahi, aia kahi pilina pili ma waena o kona hoʻolālā ʻana, ka maikaʻi o ka aila a me ka maikaʻi o ka wahie. No laila, pono e hoʻohana i ka aila kūpono no kāu kaʻa a hoʻololi mau. Hana ia i kekahi mau hana koʻikoʻi.

 

Hoʻemi ka ʻaila i ka friction i loko o ka ʻenekini, e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻaʻahu ma nā apo, pistons, cylinders a me nā bearings crankshaft. ʻO ka lua, hoʻopaʻa ia i ka manawa ma waena o ka piston, nā apo a me ka cylinder liner, e hiki ai ke hana i kahi kaomi kiʻekiʻe e hana ʻia i loko o ka cylinder. ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka ʻaila wale nō ka mea hoʻoluʻu no nā pistons, crankshaft bearings a me nā camshafts. Pono ka ʻaila ʻenekini i ka mānoanoa kūpono a me ka viscosity i nā mahana like ʻole i hiki koke i nā wahi lubrication āpau i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ke anuanu. I ka hana ʻana o kahi ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko, aia kahi pilina pili ma waena o kāna hoʻolālā, ka ʻaila a me ka maikaʻi o ka wahie. Ke hoʻonui mau nei ka ukana a me ka mana o nā ʻenekini, hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻia nā aila lubricating.

KA HELUHELU ANA

I ka manawa hea e hoʻololi ai i ka aila?

ʻAila i loko o kāu ʻenekini

Pehea e hoohalike ai i na aila?

Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i nā huahana he ʻumi ma ka mākeke inā hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻohālikelike kūpono. ʻIke maikaʻi ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka viscosity SAE. Elima papa o na aila kau wela a eono papa aila hooilo. I kēia manawa, hana ʻia nā ʻaila multigrade i loaʻa nā waiwai viscosity o nā aila hoʻoilo a me nā waiwai wela o nā aila kauwela. ʻO kā lākou hōʻailona he ʻelua helu i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi "W", e like me 5 W-40. Mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana, hiki ke huki ʻia kahi hopena kūpono: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka helu ma mua o ka leka "W", hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaila liʻiliʻi ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wela ambient i hiki ʻole ke nalowale i kāna mau waiwai. I ko mākou kūlana climatic, kūpono nā aila mai ka papa 10W-40.

ʻAʻole kaulana a maikaʻi loa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā aila e ka maikaʻi. No ka mea ʻokoʻa ka hoʻolālā a me nā kūlana hana o nā ʻenekini ʻAmelika mai nā Europa, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ʻelua papa helu API a me ACEA. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ʻAmelika, ua hōʻailona ʻia ka maikaʻi o nā aila no nā ʻenekini puhi ahi me nā leka ʻelua. ʻO ka mua ka leka S, ʻo ka lua ka leka aʻe o ka alphabet mai A a i L. I kēia lā, ʻo ka ʻaila me ka hōʻailona SL ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa.

Ua wehewehe ʻia ka maikaʻi o nā ʻaila ʻaila diesel e nā leka ʻelua, ʻo ka mua o ia ka C, a ukali ʻia e nā leka hope, no ka laʻana, CC, CD, CE a me CF.

Hoʻoholo ka papa maikaʻi o kahi aila i kona kūpono no ka lubricating i kahi mīkini o kahi hoʻolālā kūikawā ma lalo o nā kūlana hana.

Ua hoʻomohala kekahi mau mea hana ʻenekini i kā lākou papahana noiʻi ponoʻī e hoʻāʻo ai i nā aila no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou powertrains. Ua hoʻopuka ʻia nā ʻōlelo paipai ʻaila e nā hui e like me Volkswagen, Mercedes, MAN a me Volvo. He ʻike koʻikoʻi kēia no nā mea nona kēia mau kaʻa.

ʻO kaʻaila hea e koho ai?

ʻEkolu ʻano o ka aila kaʻa ma ka mākeke: mineral, semi-synthetic a me synthetic. ʻO nā ʻaila synthetic, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka ʻaila mineral, he nui nā pono. Kūleʻa lākou i nā wela hana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, kū i nā kaʻina hana kahiko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lubricating waiwai, a ʻo kekahi o lākou e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie. E like me ke kānāwai, ua manaʻo ʻia lākou no ka lubrication o nā ʻenekini multi-valve kiʻekiʻe. Ma waena o nā aila kumu synthetic, aia kahi hui o nā aila e mālama ai i ka 1,5 a i ka 3,9 pakeneka o ka wahie i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka holo ʻana i kahi ʻenekini ma SAE 20W-30 aila. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻaila synthetic me nā ʻaila mineral.

 

Aia i loko o ka manuale no kēlā me kēia kaʻa ka ʻike kūpono e pili ana i nā ʻaila e hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka pā aila o ka mana. ʻO ka ʻike maʻamau ua makemake kekahi mau mea hana kaʻa i nā mea hana petrochemical koho no nā makahiki, e like me Citroen e pili pū ana me Total, Renault e hana pū ana me Elf, a me nā ʻenekini hoʻopiha Ford me nā ʻaila Ford-brand. , a me Fiat me ka aila Selenia.

Ke hoʻoholo nei e kūʻai i ʻaila ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa, mai hoʻopiha i ka ʻenekini me kahi ʻaila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka ʻōlelo a ka mea hana kaʻa. No laila, no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka aila papa SD ma kahi o ka ʻaila SH. Hiki, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe kumu hoʻokele waiwai, e hoʻohana i nā aila o kahi papa kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻaila synthetic i nā mīkini mileage kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa iā lākou nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻoheheʻe i nā waihona i loko o ka mīkini, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka depressurization o ka hui kaʻa, hoʻopaʻa i nā laina aila a hoʻopilikia.

Pehea ka makeke?

No kekahi mau makahiki i kēia manawa, ke piʻi mau nei ka pākēneka o nā aila synthetic i ka huli ʻana, ʻoiai ke emi nei ka hapa o nā ʻaila mineral. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā aila mineral ma mua o 40 ka nui o nā aila kaʻa i kūʻai ʻia. Kūʻai nui ʻia nā ʻaila ma nā keʻena lawelawe, nā keʻena kinoea a me nā mea kūʻai kaʻa, ʻaʻole pinepine i nā hale kūʻai. Hoʻoholo ʻia ke koho ʻana o ke ʻano e ke kumukūʻai, a ukali ʻia e nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i loko o ka manual hana o ke kaʻa a me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kahi mechanic kaʻa. ʻIke ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻaila. E like me ka wā ma mua, hoʻololi ka hapakolu o nā mea hoʻohana kaʻa i ka aila iā lākou iho.

Nā lula maʻamau no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā aila o nā papa pākahi.

Nā mea puhi ahi hoʻolālā

papa SE	nā aila me nā mea hoʻohui waiwai i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā ʻenekini 1972-80.
Papa SF	nā aila me nā mea hoʻohui piha i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā mīkini o 1980-90.
Papa SG	nā aila no nā mea hoʻololi catalytic, i hana ʻia ma hope o 1990.
Nā papa CX, SJ	nā aila no nā ʻenekini multi-valve kiʻekiʻe, nā aila mālama ikehu.

Nā mīkini keu

Papa CD	nā aila no nā ʻenekini lewa a turbocharged o ka hanauna kahiko.
papa SE	nā aila no nā mīkini hana kaumaha, i hana ʻia ma hope o 1983
Papa CF	nā aila no nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe i lako me ka catalytic converter, i hana ʻia ma hope o 1990

Nā kumu kūʻai kūʻai no kekahi ʻano ʻaila i loko o nā pahu lita 1.

BP Visco 2000 15W-40	17,59 zł
BP Visco 3000 10W-40	22,59 zł
BP Visco 5000 5 W-40	32,59 zł
Pane GTX 15W-40	21,99 zł
ʻO Castrol GTX 3 Palekana 15W-40	29,99 zł
ʻO Castrol GTX Magnatec 10W-40	34,99 zł
ʻO Castrol GTX Magnatec 5W-40	48,99 zł
Castrol Formula RS 0W-40	52,99 zł