Hoailona aila mīkini

hiki i kēlā me kēia kaʻa kaʻa ke wehewehe i ka ʻaila ʻenekini e hōʻailona ana ma ka ʻeke huahana, no ka mea, ʻo ke kī i ka hana paʻa a paʻa o ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila mīkini kiʻekiʻe, nā hiʻohiʻona e kūpono i nā koi āpau o ka. mea hana. ʻO ia mau koi koʻikoʻi e kau ʻia e lākou ma muli o ka hana ʻana o nā ʻaila i kahi ākea ākea a ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.

Loaʻa i ka māka ʻaila ʻenekini nā ʻike āpau e pono ai no ke koho pololei, pono ʻoe e hiki ke wehewehe

i mea e hoʻomāmā a maʻalahi i ke kaʻina hana no ke koho ʻana i ka aila no kekahi ʻano o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko e like me nā ʻano pono a me nā hana i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau kūlana honua. Hoʻohana nā mea hana aila honua i nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike i ʻike nui ʻia:

• SAE;
• API;
• KELA;
• ILSAC;
• MANUIA.

kekahi 'ano o ka aila lepili i kona moʻolelo pono'ī a me ka makeke mahele, deciphering i ka manaʻo o ka mea e hiki ai ia oe ke hoʻokele i loko o ke koho o ka makemake lubricating ka wai. ʻoiaʻiʻo, GOST.

Aia he 2 papa kumu o ka aila kaʻa, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko: ʻaila a diesel paha, ʻoiai aia kekahi aila honua. Hōʻike mau ʻia ka hoʻohana i manaʻo ʻia ma ka lepili. Kekahi aila no ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko i loko o ka haku mele (mineral aila), i kona kumu, a me kekahi mau mea hoʻohui. ʻO ke kumu o ka wai lubricating he hapa o ka aila, i loaʻa i ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila a i ʻole artificial. No laila, e like me ka haku mele ʻana, ua māhele ʻia lākou i:

• minelala;
• semi-synthetic;
• synthetic.

Ma luna o ke kinikini, a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, hōʻike mau ʻia ke kemika. pūhui.

He aha ka mea ma ka lepili o ka ipu aila:

1. Kaulana kūlana SAE.
2. Nā kikowaena API и KELA.
3. Palekana nā mea hana kaʻa.
4. Bar code.
5. Helu hui a me ka lā hana.
6. Pseudo-labeling (ʻaʻole he hōʻailona maʻamau i ʻike ʻia, akā hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana kūʻai, no ka laʻana, full syntetic, HC, me ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā molekala akamai, etc.).
7. Nā ʻāpana kūikawā o nā aila kaʻa.

i mea e kōkua ai iā ʻoe e kūʻai pololei i ka ʻaila e kūpono loa i ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko o kāu kaʻa, e wehewehe mākou i nā hōʻailona aila koʻikoʻi.

SAE Enekinia Aila Lepili

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka māka ʻana ma ka canister - ka viscosity index e like me ka SAE classification - he kūlana honua e hoʻoponopono i ka viscosity o nā aila ma nā mahana hoʻohui a me ka liʻiliʻi (ka palena palena).

E like me ka maʻamau SAE, koho ʻia nā aila ma ke ʻano XW-Y, kahi X a me Y kekahi mau helu. Helu mua - he hōʻailona kēia o ka wela liʻiliʻi kahi e puhi mau ʻia ai ka ʻaila ma nā kahawai, a ʻo ka ʻenekini hoʻoheheʻe i loko me ka pilikia ʻole. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo W ka huaʻōlelo Pelekane Winter - winter.

Nā helu waiwai	0W	5W	10W	15W	20W	25W
Cranking	-30 ° C	-25 ° C	-20 ° C	-15 ° C	-10 ° C	-5 ° C
Pumpability	-40 ° C	-35 ° C	-30 ° C	-25 ° C	-20 ° C	-15 ° C

Helu lua conditionally 'o ia hoʻi ka liʻiliʻi a me ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka palena o ke kiʻekiʻe-mehana viscosity o ka aila i ka wā e wela ai i ka wela hana (+100…+150°C). ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai o ka helu, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa i ka wā i wela ai, a ʻo ia hoʻi.

5W - 30	mai ka emi 25 a me 20
5W - 40	mai ka emi 25 a me 35
10W - 30	mai ka emi 20 a me 30
10W - 40	mai ka emi 20 a me 35
15W - 30	mai ka emi 15 a me 35
15W - 40	mai ka emi 15 a me 45
20W - 40	mai ka emi 10 a me 45
20W - 50	mai ka emi 10 a i ka hui 45 a oi
SAE 30	mai ka 0 a i ka 45

No laila, ua māhele ʻia nā ʻaila i ʻekolu mau ʻano ma muli o ka viscosity:

• aila hooilo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai a hāʻawi i kahi hoʻomaka pilikia ʻole o ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko i ke kau anuanu. Aia i loko o ka papa kuhikuhi SAE o ia ʻaila ka huaʻōlelo "W" (no ka laʻana, 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, etc.). no ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ka waiwai palena, ponoʻoe e unuhi i ka helu 35. I ka wā wela,ʻaʻole hiki i kēlāʻaila ke hāʻawi i kahi kiʻi lubricating a mālama i ke kaomi i makemakeʻia i loko o ka'ōnaehanaʻaila ma muli o kaʻoiaʻiʻo ma nā mahana wela kona wai. ua oi aku;
• aila kau wela Hoʻohana ʻia inā ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa ka awelika o kēlā me kēia lā ma mua o 0 ° C, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kinematic viscosity no laila i ka wā wela, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai i ka waiwai i koi ʻia no ka lubrication maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana ʻenekini hoʻopau. I nā mahana sub-zero, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaka i kahi ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko me kahi viscosity kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻaila o ke kauwela e ka waiwai helu me ka ʻole o nā leka (no ka laʻana: 20, 30, 40, a ʻoi aku; ʻoi aku ka nui o ka helu, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity). Ua ana ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka haku mele i nā keneta ma 100 degere (no ka laʻana, ʻo ka waiwai o 20 e hōʻike ana i ka palena palena o 8-9 centistokes ma kahi wela o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko o 100 ° C);
• aila kau a pau ʻO ka mea kaulana loa, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hana ma nā sub-zero a me nā mahana maikaʻi, ʻo ka palena o ka palena i hōʻike ʻia i ka decoding o ka hōʻailona SAE. He inoa ʻelua kēia ʻaila (laʻana: SAE 15W-40).

Ke koho ʻana i ka viscosity o ka aila (mai nā mea i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko o kāu kaʻa), pono ʻoe e alakaʻi ʻia e kēia lula: ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mileage / ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mīkini, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka viscosity wela kiʻekiʻe. pono ka aila.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona viscosity ka mea mua a koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka hōʻailona ʻana i nā aila kaʻa, akā ʻaʻole hoʻokahi wale nō - ʻAʻole pololei ke koho ʻana i ka ʻaila ma ka viscosity. Ua mau pono e koho i ka pili pono o na waiwai ʻaila a me nā kūlana hana.

ʻO kēlā me kēia aila, me ka viscosity, he ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā waiwai hana (detergent, antioxidant properties, anti-wear, susceptibility i nā waihona like ʻole, corrosiveness, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe). Hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka laulā o kā lākou noi.

Lepili ʻaila ʻenekini API

I ka papa helu API, ʻo nā hōʻailona nui: ke ʻano o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko, ke ʻano hana ʻenehana, nā waiwai hana o ka aila, nā kūlana hoʻohana a me ka makahiki o ka hana ʻana. Hāʻawi ka maʻamau no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻaila i ʻelua mau ʻāpana:

• Māhele "S" - nā hōʻike i manaʻo ʻia no nā mīkini ʻaila;
• Māhele "C" - hōʻike i ke kumu no nā kaʻa diesel.

Pehea e wehewehe ai i ka hōʻailona API?

E like me ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia, hiki ke hoʻomaka ka inoa API me ka leka S a i ʻole C, kahi e hōʻike ai i ke ʻano o ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko e hiki ke hoʻopiha ʻia, a me hoʻokahi leka o ka papa inoa ʻaila, e hōʻike ana i ka pae o ka hana.

Wahi a kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, lawe ʻia ka decoding o ka hōʻailona ʻana i nā aila kaʻa penei:

• pōkole EC, aia ma hope koke o ka API, kū no nā aila mālama ikehu;
• Helu Roma mahope o keia hoopau ana kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hoʻokele wahie;
• palapala S (Service) hōʻike i nā noi nā aila no nā ʻenekini ʻaila;
• palapala C (Kalepa) ua kohoia nā aila no nā ʻenekini diesel;
• mahope iho o kekahi o keia mau palapala pae hana i hōʻike ʻia e nā leka mai A (pae haʻahaʻa) ia N a ʻoi aku (ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka alphabetical order o ka lua o ka leka i ka hoʻolālā, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka papa ʻaila);
• ʻO ka ʻaila honua he mau leka o nā ʻano ʻelua ma o ka laina oblique (no ka laʻana: API SL / CF);
• Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka māka API no nā ʻenekini diesel i ʻelua-stroke (helu 2 ma ka hopena) a me 4-stroke (helu 4).

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻāpana "S" he 13 mau papa o nā aila kaʻa, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea i hala ʻole, no laila e hāʻawi mākou i nā mea kūpono loa:

Nā makahiki hoʻolauna	1980	1989	1994	1997	2001	2004	2010	2020
ʻAila ʻaila ʻaila API	SF	SG	SH	SJ	SL	SM	SN	SP

ʻO ka papa "C" i kēia manawa he 14 mau papa, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ka hapalua a i kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona like:

Makahiki i komo i ka mana	1983	1990	1994	1998	2004	2010
API Aila Enekinia Diesel	CE	CF-4-AE	CF, CF-2, CG-4	Ch-4	Cl-4	CJ-4

ʻO kēlā kaʻa ʻaila, i hala i ka ho'āʻo API/SAE a hoʻokō i nā koi o nā kāʻei maikaʻi o kēia manawa, hōʻike ʻia ma nā lepili me kahi hōʻailona kiʻi poepoe. Aia ma luna ka palapala - "API" (API Service), ma ka waena ka degere o ka viscosity e like me SAE, a me kahi pae hiki ke mālama i ka ikehu.

I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila e like me kāna kikoʻī ponoʻī, hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻaʻahu a me ka pilikia o ka haki ʻana o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko, hoʻemi ʻia ka "ʻōpala" o ka aila, hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie, hoʻemi ʻia ka walaʻau, nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻokele o ke ahi kūloko. hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka ʻenekini (ʻoi loa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa), a hoʻonui ʻia ke ola lawelawe o ka catalyst a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻopau.

Hoʻohālikelike ACEA, GOST, ILSAC a pehea e wehewehe ai i ka inoa

Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā aila ʻenekini e like me ACEA

Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka papa inoa ACEA e ka Association of European Automobile Manufacturers. Hōʻike ia i nā waiwai hana, nā kumu a me ka ʻāpana o ka ʻaila ʻenekini. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā papa ACEA i ka diesel a me ka ʻaila.

Hāʻawi ka paʻi hou loa o ka maʻamau no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā aila i 3 mau ʻano a me 12 mau papa:

• A / B - petrol a me diesel engines nā kaʻa, nā kaʻa, nā minibuses (A1 / B1-12, A3 / B3-12, A3 / B4-12, A5 / B5-12);
• C - 'enekinia a me ka diesel me ka catalytic converter nā kinoea hoʻopau (C1-12, C2-12, C3-12, C4-12);
• E - kaʻa kaʻa diesel engines (E4-12, E6-12, E7-12, E9-12).

Ma ka inoa ACEA, ma waho aʻe o ka papa ʻaila mīkini, hōʻike ʻia ka makahiki o kona komo ʻana i ka ikaika, a me ka helu paʻi (i ka wā i hoʻonui ʻia ai nā koi ʻenehana). Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā aila kūloko e like me GOST.

Ka helu ʻana o nā aila kaʻa e like me GOST

Wahi a GOST 17479.1-85, ua māhele ʻia nā aila kaʻa i:

• nā papa viscosity kinematic;
• hui hana.

Ma ke kinematic viscosity Ua maheleia na aila i keia mau papa.

• kauwela - 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 24;
• hoʻoilo - 3, 4, 5, 6;
• kau-a pau - 3/8, 4/6, 4/8, 4/10, 5/10, 5/12, 5/14, 6/10, 6/14, 6/16 (hōʻike ka helu mua i ka hoʻoilo papa, ka lua no ke kau wela).

Ma nā papa inoa a pau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai helu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka viscosity.

Ma kahi o ka noi ua māhele 'ia nā aila engine a pau i 6 pū'ulu - ua koho 'ia mai ka huapalapala "A" i "E".

Hōʻike ka helu "1" i nā aila i manaʻo ʻia no nā ʻenekini ʻaila, ʻo "2" no nā ʻenekini diesel, a me nā aila me ka ʻole o ka index e hōʻike ana i kona versatility.

Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā aila kaʻa e like me ILSAC

ILSAC - he mea hana hui o Iapana a me ʻAmelika, ʻo ke komite honua no ka standardization a me ka ʻae ʻana i nā aila kaʻa i hoʻopuka i 6 mau kūlana aila kaʻa: ILSAC GF-1, ILSAC GF-2, ILSAC GF-3, ILSAC GF-4, ILSAC GF-5 a me GF-6 . Ua like loa lākou me nā papa API, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ʻo nā aila e pili ana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ILSAC he mālama i ka ikehu a me ka wā āpau. ʻO kēia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana no nā kaʻa Iapana.

Ka launa pū ʻana o nā waeʻano ILSAC e pili ana i ka API:

• FA-1 (ka wā kahiko) - nā koi o ka ʻaila like me ka API SH waeʻano; ma ka viscosity SAE 0W-XX, 5W-XX, 10W-XX, kahi XX-30, 40, 50,60.
• FA-2 - kūpono i ke koi API SJ aila maikai, a ma ke ano o ka viscosity SAE 0W-20, 5W-20.
• FA-3 - ʻo ia nā māhele analogue API SL a ua hana ʻia mai ka makahiki 2001.
• ILSAC GF-4 a me GF-5 - pakahi nā analogs SM a me SN.
• ILSAC FA-6 - e hoʻokō me ka hoʻohālikelike hou SP.

Eia kekahi, i loko o ka maʻamau ISLAC no nā kaʻa Iapana me nā ʻenekini diesel turbocharged, hoohana kaawale JASO DX-1 papa. Hāʻawi kēia hōʻailona ʻana i nā aila mīkini no nā ʻenekini kaʻa hou me ka hana kiʻekiʻe o ke kaiapuni a me nā turbines i kūkulu ʻia.

ʻO ka hōʻoia a me ka ʻae ʻana o nā mea hana kaʻa

Hoʻonohonoho ka papa helu API a me ACEA i nā koi kumu liʻiliʻi i ʻae ʻia ma waena o nā mea hana aila a me nā mea hoʻohui a me nā mea hana kaʻa. No ka mea ʻokoʻa ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā mīkini hoʻomohala kūloko o nā ʻano like ʻole mai kekahi i kekahi, ʻaʻole like nā kūlana hana o ka aila i loko o lākou. ʻO kekahi ua hoʻomohala nā mea hana ICE nui i kā lākou ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho ponoʻī aila kaʻa, i kapaia he palapala aeo hoʻokō i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho ACEA, me kāna mau mīkini hoʻāʻo ponoʻī a me nā hoʻokolohua kahua. Hoʻohana nui nā mea hana ʻenekini e like me VW, Mercedes-Benz, Ford, Renault, BMW, GM, Porsche a me Fiat i kā lākou ʻae ʻana i ke koho ʻana i ka aila mīkini. Loaʻa nā kikoʻī i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hana o ke kaʻa, a ua hoʻopili ʻia kā lākou helu i ka pahu ʻaila, ma hope o ke koho ʻana o kāna papa hana.

E noʻonoʻo a wehewehe i nā mea hoʻomanawanui kaulana a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o nā koho ma nā kini o nā aila kaʻa.

Nā ʻae VAG no nā kaʻa kaʻa

vw 500.00 - ka aila mālama ikehu (SAE 5W-30, 10W-30, 5W-40, 10W-40, etc.), vw 501.01 - nā wā āpau, i manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ICE gasoline maʻamau i hana ʻia ma mua o 2000, a me VW 502.00 - no nā mea turbocharged.

Ke ahonui vw 503.00 hāʻawi ʻia kēia aila no ka gasoline ICE me ka viscosity o SAE 0W-30 a me kahi manawa pani lōʻihi (a hiki i 30 tausani km), a inā ʻo ka ʻōnaehana exhaust me kahi mea hoʻololi ʻekolu ala, a laila ʻaila me ka ʻae ʻana o VW 504.00. ua ninini ʻia i loko o ka ICE o ia kaʻa.

No nā kaʻa Volkswagen, Audi a me Skoda me nā ʻenekini diesel, hāʻawi ʻia kahi hui o nā aila me ka hoʻomanawanui. VW 505.00 no ICE TDI, hana ʻia ma mua o 2000; vw 505.01 Manaʻo ʻia no ICE PDE me ka injector unit.

ʻO ka aila mālama ikehu me ka māka viscosity 0W-30 me ka ʻae ʻia vw 506.00 Loaʻa i kahi manawa pani hou (a hiki i 6 tausani km no ICE V30 TDI, a hiki i 4 tausani km no 50-cylinder TDI). Manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini diesel hou (ma hope o 2002). No nā ʻenekini puhi ahi turbocharged a me PD-TDI unit injector, pono e hoʻopiha i ka aila me ka hoʻomanawanui. vw 506.01 loaʻa ka wā hoʻolāʻau hoʻonui like.

ʻAe ʻia no nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa Mercedes

Loaʻa i ka Mercedes-Benz automaker kona ʻae ponoʻī. Eia kekahi laʻana, kaʻaila me ka inoa MB 229.1 Hoʻolālā ʻia no ka diesel a me ka ʻaila ICE Mercedes i hana ʻia mai 1997. Hoʻomanawanui MB 229.31 hoʻokomo ʻia ma hope a hoʻokō i nā kikoʻī SAE 0W-, SAE 5W- me nā koi ʻē aʻe e kaupalena ana i ka ʻike o ka sulfur a me ka phosphorus. MB 229.5 he aila ho'ōla ikehu me ka lōʻihi o ke ola lawelawe no nā ʻenekini diesel a me ka ʻaila.

ʻO ka hōʻoia a me ka ʻae ʻana o nā mea hana kaʻa

ʻO ka ʻaila ʻaila BMW

ʻO BMW Longlife 98 Loaʻa i kēia ʻae nā aila kaʻa i manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko o nā kaʻa i hana ʻia mai 1998. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi manawa hoʻololi hou i ka lawelawe. Kūlike i nā koi kumu o ACEA A3/B3. No nā ʻenekini i hana ʻia ma ka hopena o 2001, ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka aila me ka ʻae ʻia. ʻO BMW Longlife 01... Hōʻike BMW Longlife-01 FE hāʻawi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila kaʻa i ka wā e hana ai i nā kūlana paʻakikī. ʻO BMW Longlife 04 ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini BMW hou.

Nā ʻae ʻaila ʻenekini no Renault

Ke ahonui Renault RN0700 ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma 2007 a hoʻokō i nā koi kumu: ACEA A3/B4 a i ʻole ACEA A5/B5. Renault RN0710 hoʻokō i nā koi o ACEA A3/B4, a Renault RN 0720 e ACEA C3 me Renault koho. Apono ʻia ʻo RN0720 Hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hanauna hou o nā ICE diesel me nā kānana particulate.

Apono no na kaa Ford

ʻae ʻia ka ʻaila SAE 5W-30 Ford WSS-M2C913-A, i manaʻo ʻia no ka pani mua a me ka lawelawe. Hoʻopili kēia ʻaila i ka ILSAC GF-2, ACEA A1-98 a me B1-98 papa inoa a me nā koi Ford hou.

ʻAila me ka ʻae ʻia Ford M2C913-B i manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻopiha mua ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lawelawe i nā ʻenekini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko a me ka diesel. hoʻokō pū kekahi i nā koi āpau o ILSAC GF-2 a me GF-3, ACEA A1-98 a me B1-98.

Ke ahonui Ford WSS-M2C913-D ua hoʻolauna ʻia i ka makahiki 2012, ʻōlelo ʻia nā aila me kēia ʻae ʻana no nā ICE diesel Ford āpau, koe wale nā ​​hiʻohiʻona Ford Ka TDCi i hana ʻia ma mua o 2009 a me nā ICE i hana ʻia ma waena o 2000 a me 2006. Hāʻawi i nā manawa hoʻolāʻau lōʻihi a me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana me nā wahie bio-diesel a i ʻole kiʻekiʻe-sulfur.

ʻaila i ʻāpono ʻia Ford WSS-M2C934-A hāʻawi ʻia no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wā wai a manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā kaʻa me ka mīkini diesel a me ka kānana particulate diesel (DPF). Ford WSS-M2C948-B, e pili ana i ka papa ACEA C2 (no nā ʻenekini a me nā mīkini diesel me ka catalytic converter). Pono kēia ʻae ʻana i kahi ʻaila me ka viscosity o 5W-20 a hoʻemi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka soot.

Ke koho ʻana i kahi ʻaila, pono ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i kekahi mau kumu kumu - ʻo ia ke koho kūpono o ka haku mele i makemake ʻia (ka wai mineral, synthetics, semi-synthetics), ka hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike viscosity, a ʻike i nā koi e pono ai no kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā mea hoʻohui. (i hoʻoholo ʻia ma nā papa helu API a me ACEA). Pono e loaʻa i ka lepili ka ʻike no nā mīkini mīkini i kūpono i kēia huahana. He mea nui e hoʻolohe i nā inoa hou o ka ʻaila ʻenekini. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hōʻailona Long Life e hōʻike ana he kūpono ka aila no nā kaʻa me nā wā lawelawe lōʻihi. Ma waena o nā hiʻohiʻona o kekahi mau haku mele, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko me ka turbocharger, intercooler, ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o nā kinoea recirculation, ka mālama ʻana i nā pae manawa a me ka hāpai ʻana i ka valve.