ʻO nā motika ʻoi loa i nā makahiki he 20 i hala
Nā mea
I ka makahiki 1999, hoʻolaha ka makasina ʻo Technology International (UK) i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka makana honua no ka ʻenekini ʻoi loa i hana ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke anamanaʻo ma luna o nā loiloi i hāʻawi ʻia e 60 mau kānaka kūkala nūhou kaulana o ke ao holoʻokoʻa. ʻO kēia ka hānau ʻana o ka makana International Engine of the Year.
ʻO ka piha makahiki 20 o ke kahua o ka hoʻokūkū kahi manawa maikaʻi e hōʻuluʻulu i nā motika nui loa no ka noho holoʻokoʻa o ka makana (1999-2019). I ke kiʻi ma lalo, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hoʻololi i hana iā ia i ka 10 kiʻekiʻe.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau makana i nā ʻenekini hou e pili ana i nā manaʻo o ka poʻe nūpepa, ʻaʻole ma ka ʻike o ka poʻe kaʻa. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole i loko o ka papa inoa nā ʻāpana āpau i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ko lākou kūpaʻa a paʻa.
10.Fiat TwinAir
Hoʻokaʻawale maoli ʻia ka ʻumi o ka helu ma waena o ʻekolu mau anakuhi. ʻO kekahi o kēia ka Fiat 0,875-liter TwinAir, i lanakila ʻehā mau makana ma ka hui 2011, me ʻo Best Engine. Ua kāhea ʻo Lunahoomalu Jure Dean Slavnic iā ia "kekahi o nā ʻenekini maikaʻi loa i ka mōʻaukala".
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka unit Fiat e kahi ʻōnaehana wā hoʻololi hoʻololi e hoʻohana ana i nā hoʻokele neʻe Loaʻa kāna mana kūmole aspirated kūlohelohe i ka Fiat Panda a me 500, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i 60 horsepower.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano turbocharged ʻelua me 80 a me 105 horsepower. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona e like me Fiat 500L, Alfa Romeo MiTo a me Lancia Ypsilon. Ua loaʻa i kēia ʻenekini ka makana hanohano ʻo Raoul Pitsch Kelemania.
10. BMW N62 4.4 Valvetronic
ʻO kēia V8 i makemake maoli ʻia ka ʻenekini hana mua me kahi pālua o kaʻai a me ka BMW 2002 me Valvetronic. I ka makahiki XNUMX, ua loaʻa ʻekolu mau makana IEY makahiki, me "Grand Engine o ka Makahiki".
Ua loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole i ka 5-Series, 7-Series, X5, ka laina Alpina holoʻokoʻa, a me nā mea hana haʻuki e like me Morgan a me Wiesmann. ʻO ka mana o nā anakuhi mai ka 272 a i ka 530 horsepower.
Ua lawe mai kona ʻenehana holomua iā ia i mea mahalo ʻia ma waena o ka honua, akā ma muli o kāna hoʻolālā sophisticated nui, ʻaʻole ia kekahi o nā motika hilinaʻi loa a puni. Paipai mākou e akahele ka poʻe kūʻai mai i nā kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia me kēia anakahi.
10. HE 1.0 ka Honda
ʻO ka pōkole no Integrated Motor Assist ka ʻenehana hybrid mua i hana ʻia e ka hui Iapana, i hoʻokumu mua ʻia e ka Insight model haole kaulana. He ʻano hui like ʻole ia, akā me kahi manaʻo ʻokoʻa loa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, e ʻōlelo, he Toyota Prius.
I ka IMA, hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi motika uila ma waena o ka ʻenekini kuni a me ka lawe ʻana e hana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaka, ke kaulike kaulike ʻana a me nā mea kōkua e like me ke koi.
No nā makahiki he nui, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana me nā mīkini a hiki i ka 1,3 lita. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā ʻano hoʻohālike Honda - mai ka Insight, Freed Hybrid, CR-Z a me Acura ILX Hybrid ma ʻEulopa a hiki i nā mana hybrid o ka Jazz, Civic a me Accord.
9. ʻO Toyota KR 1.0
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kūkulu ʻia kēia ʻohana o nā anakika ʻekolu paukūʻoloka me nā poloka aluminika e Toyota, akā na kāna lālā ʻo Daihatsu.
Ke hoʻomaka nei i ka makahiki 2004, ua hoʻohana kēia mau ʻenekini i nā poʻo o ka paukū e kalai ʻia ana e DOHC, e hoʻokomo i nā kiko maha a me nā 4 kiwikā i ka paukūʻolokaʻa. ʻO kekahi o ko lākou ikaika ko lākou kaumaha haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa - he 69 wale nō kilokilo.
I loko o nā makahiki, ua hana ʻia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o kēia mau ʻenekini me ka hiki o 65 a 98 horsepower. Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i nā hanauna mua a ʻelua hoʻi o Toyota Aygo / Citroen C1 / Peugeot 107, Toyota Yaris a me iQ, Daihatsu Cuore a me Sirion, a me Subaru Justy.
8. Mazda 13B-MSP Renesis
ʻO ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hui Kepani i ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā ʻenekini Wankel, i hāʻawi ʻia mai ka NSU i kēlā manawa, ua uku ʻia me kēia haku hana, codenamed 13B-MSP. I loko o ia mea, ʻo nā hoʻāʻo lōʻihi e hoʻoponopono i nā nāwaliwali nui ʻelua o kēia ʻano mīkini - ka hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻokuʻu nui ʻana - me he mea lā ua hua.
ʻO ka hoʻololi kumu i ka manifold manifold ua hoʻonui nui i ka kaomi maoli a me ia ka mana. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻokō ʻana e 49% ma mua o nā hanauna i hala.
Hoʻokomo ʻo Mazda i kēia ʻenekini i kā lākou RX-8 a lanakila i ʻekolu mau makana me ia ma 2003, me ka mea hanohano loa no ka Engine of the Year. ʻO ke kāleka puʻupuʻu nui kona kaumaha haʻahaʻa (112 kg i ka mana kumu) a me ka hana kiʻekiʻe - a hiki i 235 horsepower i 1,3 lita wale nō. Eia nō naʻe, paʻakikī loa ka mālama ʻana a me nā ʻāpana maʻalahi.
7. BMW N54 3.0
Inā aia kekahi mau ʻōlelo hoʻomanawanui e pili ana iā BMW's 4,4-liter V8, paʻakikī e hoʻolohe i kahi huaʻōlelo maikaʻi ʻole e pili ana i ka N54 laina ʻeono.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻāpana ʻekolu lita i ka makahiki 2006 ma nā mana hou aʻe o ka moʻo ʻekolu (E90) a ua lanakila i ka makana International Engine o ka Makahiki no ʻelima mau makahiki ka lōʻihi. Ua hoʻokō ʻia kahi hana like e like me ka Ward American Auto o ka mea ʻAmelika no ʻekolu mau makahiki.
Me ka hoʻopili pololei a me ka mana o ka camshaft ʻelua pālua (VANOS), ʻo kēia ka mīkini BMW mīkini hana turbocharged mua. No nā makahiki he ʻumi, ua hoʻohui ʻia i nā mea āpau: E90, E60, E82, E71, E89, E92, F01, a me nā loli liʻiliʻi hoʻi, ma ka laina Alpina.
6. BMW B38 1.5
ʻO BMW ka mīkini i hāʻawi nui ʻia i nā makahiki he ʻelua i hala (International Engine of the Year), a ua hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi kēia mea komo i manaʻo ʻole ʻia: he ʻenekini turbo ʻekolu-ʻenekini me ka nui o 1,5 liters, kahi lākiō hoʻoliʻiliʻi o 11: 1, hoʻopili pono, VANOS pālua a me ka turbocharger alumini mua o ka honua i hana ʻia. ʻĀinapuniʻole.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia hoʻi ia no nā kaʻa huila o mua e like me ka BMW 2 Series Active Tourer a me ka MINI Hatch, a me nā hoʻohālike hoʻokele wili hope.
Akā ʻo kāna kuleana nui e kaulana i ka hoʻohana mua ʻia: i ka haʻuki haʻuki i8, kahi, i kahi pūʻolo me nā mīkini uila, hāʻawi ia i ka wikiwiki like me ka Lamborghini Gallardo i loaʻa.
5. Toyota 1NZ-FXE 1.5
He mana kūikawā kēia o ka moʻo ʻenekini kuni kūloko ʻo NZ me kahi poloka aluminika. Ua hoʻomohala pono ʻia no nā kaʻa hybrid, ka mea nui no ka Prius kaulana. Loaʻa i ka ʻenekini kahi lākiō compression kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o 13,0: 1, akā ua hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka pani ʻana o ka kiwikā o ka hoʻokomo, a ʻo ia ka hopena o ka kaomi maoli ʻana i 9,5: 1 a hana ia i kahi ʻano o ka pōʻaiapili Atkinson simulate. Hoʻoemi kēia i ka mana a me ka ikehu, akā hoʻonui i ka pono.
ʻO kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa me 77 hp. (5000 rpm), kū ma lalo o ka pale o ka Prius MK1 a me ka MK2 (ʻo ke kolu o ka hanauna i hoʻomākaukau ʻia me 2ZR-FXE), ʻo ka Yaris hybrid a me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe me kahi ʻenekini kuni kūloko like.
4. VW 1.4 TFSI, TSI Māhoe
Ua lawe ʻia ke kumu o kēia ʻāpana EA111. No ka manawa mua, ua lohe ʻia kahi hoʻololi turbocharged o ka ʻenekini puhi ahi i ka 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻāpana nui no ka Golf-5. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka laina ʻehā (1,4 lita) i 150 hp. a ua lako ʻia me kahi ʻōnaehana Twincharger - kahi pahu compressor me kahi turbocharger. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻoneʻe ʻana i hāʻawi i ka mālama wahie nui ʻoiai ʻo ka mana he 14% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka 2.0 FSI.
Hana ʻia ma Chemnitz, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia hāmeʻa i nā mana like ʻole ma kahi o nā mana i hana ʻia e Kelemania. Ma hope mai, ua ʻike ʻia kahi mana me ka mana hoʻemi ʻia, me ka ʻole o ka compressor, akā me ka turbocharger a me ka intercooler wale nō. ʻO ia kekahi 14 kg māmā.
3. BMW S54 3.2
Ua loaʻa kūpono i ka mana mana ʻo Bavarian 3,2-lita i ke kolu o ka wahi ma waena o nā ʻenekini kuni kūloko nui loa o 20 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO kēia ʻenekini ka hoʻololi hou loa o ka S50 i mākaukau loa (6-cylinder TSI i makemake ʻia). Ua hoʻomohala pono ʻia ka anakahi hope no kekahi o nā haʻuki haʻuki sed3 M46 (EXNUMX).
Ma nā hoʻonohonoho hale hana, loaʻa i kēia anakuhi nā ʻano aʻe: 343 hp. ma 7 rpm, ka nui o ke kaulike 900 Newtons a hoʻomōhala maʻalahi i 365 rpm.
2. 1.0орд XNUMX EcoBoost
Ma hope o kekahi mau tweaks koʻikoʻi a walaʻau hoʻi, he mau kaukani mau hōʻike o ka hoʻomehana wela a me kekahi kuni ʻana kūlohelohe, he inoa ʻino iki ko kēia mau ʻenekini 3-paukū.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ka ʻenehana ʻo EcoBoost ponoʻī ke kumu o kēia mau pilikia (he hoʻomohala ʻenehana nui kēia). Ua ala mai ka hapa nui o nā pilikia e pili ana i nā kīnā o ka ʻōnaehana hōʻoluʻolu a me nā ʻōnaehana peripheral ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻolālā ʻia e Ford ʻEulopa ma Danton, UK, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ICE ma 2012. Mai ka manawa mua, hauʻoli ʻo ia i nā mea nūhou kaʻa a pau a me ka poʻe aloha kaʻa. Ma hoʻokahi lita o ka leo, hana ka paukū i kahi 125 hp hiki ʻole. Ma hope iki aku, ua ʻike ʻia kahi mana ikaika hou aʻe, i loaʻa i ka Fiesta Red Edition (ka ʻenekini puhi kūloko subcompact i hoʻomohala ʻia he 140 mau ikaika). E ʻike ʻoe ia i ka Focus a me C-Max. Ma waena o 2012 a me 2014, he mea ʻekolu ia i lanakila i ka makana makahiki.
1. Ferrari F154 3.9
ʻO ka "champion" loa no nā makahiki ʻehā i hala. Ua hoʻokuʻu ka mea hana Italia iā ia ma ke ʻano he pani no ka F120A (2,9 L). Loaʻa i ka mea hou kahi turbine pālua, kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokomo pono, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke kinoea, a ʻo 90 ka keʻenaо.
Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa i ka Ferrari California T, GTC4 Lusso, Portofino, Roma, 488 Pista, F8 Spider a ʻo Ferrari SF90 Stradale kiʻekiʻe loa hoʻi.
E ʻike pū ʻia ia i nā mana mana nui o Maserati Quattroporte a me Levante. Pili pono ia i ka V6 maikaʻi i hoʻohana ʻia e Alfa Romeo Giulia Quadrifoglio.
