ʻO nā ʻenekini maikaʻi loa i nā makahiki he 20 i hala
Nā mea
Ma 1999, ua hoʻoholo ka paʻi Pelekane hanohano o Engine Technology International e hoʻokumu i nā makana honua no nā mīkini maikaʻi loa i hana ʻia a puni ka honua. ʻO ka jure he 60 oi aku ka nui o nā mea nūpepa kaʻa kaʻa mai ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Pēlā i hānau ʻia ai ka International Engine of the Year Awards. A no ka hanohano o ka 20th anniversary o ka makana, ua hoʻoholo ka jure e hoʻoholo i nā mīkini maikaʻi loa no ka manawa holoʻokoʻa - mai 1999 a 2019. Ma ka hale kiʻi ma lalo hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka mea i hoʻokomo i ka 12 kiʻekiʻe. Eia nō naʻe, e ʻoluʻolu e hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia mau makana i nā ʻenekini hou e pili ana i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe nūpepa, a ʻaʻohe mea e like me ka hilinaʻi a me ka lōʻihi.
10.Fiat TwinAir
Ua māhele ʻia ka ʻumi o ka papa ma waena o ʻekolu ʻāpana. ʻO kekahi o lākou ʻo Fiat's 0,875-lita TwinAir, i lanakila i ʻehā mau makana ma ka hanana 2011, me ka Best Engine. Ua kapa ʻia ka luna Jury ʻo Dean Slavnich "kekahi o nā ʻenekini maikaʻi loa".
Hāʻawi ka unit Fiat i ka manawa hoʻololi hikiwawe me nā hoʻokele hydraulic. Hoʻokomo ʻia kāna mana maʻamau, makemake maoli ʻia i ka Fiat Panda a me 500, e hāʻawi ana i 60 horsepower. Aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe me 80 a me 105 turepora horsepower, i hoʻohana ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona e like me Fiat 500L, Alfa Romeo MiTo a me Lancia Ypsilon. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻenekini i ka makana koʻikoʻi ʻo Keleman Raul Pietsch.
10. BMW N62 4.4 Valvetronic
ʻO kēia V8 i makemake maoli ʻia ka ʻenekini hana mua me ka nui o nā loaʻa a me ka BMW 2002 me Valvetronic. I ka makahiki XNUMX, ua lanakila 'o ia i' ekolu mau makana IEY makahiki, me ka makana Grand for Engine o ka Makahiki.
Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole i ka 5th, 7, X5, ka laina Alpina holoʻokoʻa, a me nā mea hana haʻuki e like me Morgan a me Wiesmann, a hoʻomohala i ka mana mai ka 272 a i ka 530 horsepower.
Ua lawe ʻia kona ʻenehana holomua iā ia i ʻike ʻia ma waena o ka honua, akā ma muli o kāna hoʻolālā paʻakikī loa, ʻaʻole ia kekahi o nā mea pono loa. Paipai mākou e makaʻala ka poʻe kūʻai lima ʻelua me ia.
10. HE 1.0 ka Honda
ʻO Acronym no Integrated Motor assist, ʻo ia ka ʻenehana hybrid i hana nui ʻia e ka hui Kepani, i kuhikuhi mua ʻia e ka laikini Insight kaulana ma nā ʻāina ʻē. He hybrid parallel ia, akā me ka manaʻo ʻokoʻa loa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, e ʻōlelo, ʻo ka Toyota Prius. I ka IMA, hoʻonoho ʻia ka mīkini uila ma waena o ka ʻenekini hoʻāʻā a me ka lawe ʻana a hana ma ke ʻano he starter, balancer a me nā mea kōkua ke koi ʻia.
I loko o nā makahiki, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana me nā neʻe nui (a hiki i ka 1,3 lita) a ua kūkulu ʻia i loko o nā ʻano like ʻole o Honda - mai ka Insight, Freed Hybrid, CR-Z a me Acura ILX Hybrid ma ʻEulopa a hiki i nā mana hybrid o ka ʻO Jazz, Civic a me Accord.
9. ʻO Toyota KR 1.0
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i kūkulu ʻia kēia ʻohana o nā ʻāpana ʻekolu-cylinder me nā poloka alumini e Toyota, akā na kāna hui ʻo Daihatsu. Hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 2004, ua hoʻohana kēia mau ʻenekini i nā poʻo cylinder me ke kaulahao DOHC, multipoint injection a me 4 valves per cylinder. ʻO kekahi o ko lākou ikaika nui ʻo ko lākou kaumaha haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa - he 69 kilokani wale nō.
I loko o nā makahiki, ua hana ʻia nā mana like ʻole o kēia mau ʻenekini me ka hiki o 65 a 98 horsepower. Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou ma Toyota Aygo / Citroen C1 / Peugeot 107, Toyota Yaris a me iQ o ka hanauna mua a me ka lua, ma Daihatsu Cuore a me Sirion, a ma Subary Justy hoʻi.
8. Mazda 13B-MSP Renesis
ʻO ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hui Kepani i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻenekini Wankel, i laikini ʻia mai ka NSU i kēlā manawa, ua uku ʻia me kēia pūʻulu, codenamed 13B-MSP. I loko o ia mea, ʻo nā hoʻāʻo lōʻihi e hoʻoponopono i nā drawbacks nui ʻelua o kēia ʻano mīkini - ka hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻokuʻu nui ʻana - me he mea lā ua hua mai.
ʻO ka hoʻololi kumu i nā awa hoʻoluhi ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka kaomi maoli, a me ia ka mana. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pono holoʻokoʻa e 49% ma mua o nā hanauna i hala.
Ua hoʻokomo ʻo Mazda i kēia ʻenekini i kāna RX-8 a lanakila i ʻekolu mau makana me ia i ka makahiki 2003, me ka makana nui loa no ka mīkini o ka makahiki. ʻO ke kāleka puʻupuʻu nui ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa (112 kg i ka mana kumu) a me ka hana kiʻekiʻe - a hiki i ka 235 horsepower i 1,3 lita wale nō. Eia nō naʻe, paʻakikī loa ka mālama ʻana a ua maʻalahi nā ʻāpana.
7. BMW N54 3.0
ʻOiai he manaʻo ko BMW's 4,4-liter V8 e pili ana i ka hoʻomanawanui, paʻakikī e hoʻolohe i kahi huaʻōlelo maikaʻi ʻole e pili ana i ka N54 ʻeono-ʻelima. Ua hoʻomaka kēia hui ʻekolu lita i ka makahiki 2006 ma nā mana hou aʻe o ka moʻo ʻekolu (E90) a ua lanakila ʻo "International Engine of the Year" no ʻelima mau makahiki i ka lālani, a me nā hoa pili ʻAmelika ʻo Wards Auto no ʻekolu mau makahiki i ka lālani.
ʻO kēia ka mīkini BMW i hana mua ʻia me ka turbocharging hoʻokomo a me ka manawa pālua hoʻololi pālua (VANOS). No nā makahiki he ʻumi, ua hoʻohui ʻia i nā mea āpau: E90, E60, E82, E71, E89, E92, F01, a pēlā pū, me nā hoʻololi iki, ma Alpina.
6. BMW B38 1.5
ʻO BMW ka mīkini i hāʻawi nui ʻia i nā makahiki he ʻelua ma mua o ka International Engine of the Year, a ua hāʻawi nui kēia mea i komo ʻole i kahi mea nui i kēia: ʻenekini turbo ʻekolu silinder me ka nui o 1,5 liters, kahi lākiō kaomi o 11 : 1, kaomi pololei, pālua VANOS a me ka turbocharger alumini mua o ka honua mai Continental.
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ia i nā kaʻa huila mua e like me ka BMW 2 Series Active Tourer a me ka MINI Hatch, a me nā hoʻohālikelike hoʻokele wili hope. Akā ʻo kona kaulana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi mai kāna hoʻohana mua ʻana: i ka haʻuki haʻuki i8, kahi, piha me nā motika uila, hāʻawi ia i ka wikiwiki like me ka Lamborghini Gallardo i hana ai.
5. Toyota 1NZ-FXE 1.5
ʻO kēia kahi mana hou aʻe o nā ʻenekini alumini series o Toyota's NZ, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻohālikelike hybrid, keu hoʻi ka Prius. Loaʻa i ka ʻenekini kahi lākiō compression kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o 13,0: 1, akā aia ka lohi o ka pani ʻana i ka kiwikā o ka ʻai, a ʻo ia ka hopena o ka kaomi maoli ʻana i 9,5: 1 a hana ia i mea e like me ka pōʻaiapuni Atkinson simulate Hoʻoemi kēia i ka mana a me ka ikehu, akā hoʻonui i ka pono.
ʻO kēia ʻenekini horsepower 77 ma 5000 rpm ka puʻuwai o ka hanauna mua a me ka lua o ka Prius (ʻo ke kolu ka hoʻohana i ka 2ZR-FXE), ka Yaris hybrid a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe me kahi mea kanu mana like.
4. Volkswagen 1.4 TSFI, TSI Twincharger
Ma muli o ka maikaʻi o EA111 kahiko, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻenekini turbocharged hou ma ka 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show e hoʻokele i ka kolu o nā hanauna Golf. I kāna mana mua, he 1,4 horsepower ka mana o kēia ʻehā paukū ʻehā a ua kapa ʻia ʻo Twincharger, ʻo ia hoʻi, he compressor a me kahi turbo kona ʻelua. ʻO ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻoliʻiliʻi i hāʻawi ʻia nā mālama mālama wahie nui a me ka mana he 150% ʻoi aku ma mua o ka 14 FSI.
Hana ʻia ma Chemnitz, hoʻohana ʻia kēia anakuhi i nā ʻano like ʻole ma ka ʻaneʻane o nā mana āpau. Ma hope mai, ua ʻike ʻia kahi mana me ka mana hoʻemi ʻia, me ka ʻole o ka compressor, akā me ka turbocharger a me ka intercooler wale nō. ʻO ia kekahi he 14 kg māmā.
3. BMW S54 3.2
ʻO kekahi o nā mea kaʻao maoli o ka hapaha hope o ke kenekulia. ʻIke ʻia ʻo S54, ʻo ia ka mana hou loa o ka S50 lanakila loa, he ʻenekini ʻaila ʻeono pahu. ʻO kēia hurray hou loa no kahi kaʻa poina ʻole, ʻo ka E3-hanauna BMW M46.
Ma ka hale hana, hoʻopuka kēia mīkini i ka horsepower 343 ma 7900 rpm, ka nui o nā mika ʻo 365 Newton a wili maʻalahi i 8000 rpm.
2. ʻO Ford 1.0 EcoBoost
Ma hope o kekahi mau hana lawelawe nui a me nā ʻumi kaukani o nā hihia o ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka ʻenekini a i ʻole ka hoʻopau ʻana iā ia iho, i kēia lā he inoa ʻino iki ka EcoBoost ʻekolu-cylinder. Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i hele mai nā pilikia me ia mai ka ʻāpana ponoʻī - he mea hoʻokō ʻenekinia kupaianaha, akā no ka mālama ʻole a me ka hoʻokele waiwai ma kona ʻaoʻao, e like me nā pahu a me nā hoses no ka coolant.
ʻO kēia ʻāpana, i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Ford ma Dunton, UK, i hōʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 2012 a mahalo i nā mea nūpepa me kona mau hiʻohiʻona - hoʻokahi lita o ka leo, a me ka mana kiʻekiʻe o 125 horsepower. A laila hele mai ka 140 hp Fiesta Red Edition. E loaʻa nō iā ʻoe ma Focus, C-Max, a me nā mea hou aku. Ma waena o 2012 a me 2014, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo International Engine of the Year ʻekolu manawa i ka lālani.
1. Ferrari F154 3,9
ʻO ka mea lanakila i koho ʻole ʻia i nā hoʻokūkū ʻehā International Engine o ka Makahiki i hala. Ua hoʻolālā ka poʻe ʻItalia iā ia ma ke ʻano he hope o ka 2,9-liter F120A kahiko. Loaʻa iā ia ka turbocharging pālua, ka hoʻopili pololei, ka manawa o ka valve variable a me kahi kihi 90-degree ma waena o nā poʻo paukū.
Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā hoʻololi like ʻole o Ferrari California T, GTC4 Lusso, Portofino, Roma, 488 Pista, F8 Punawelewele a hiki i ka Ferrari SF90 Stradale kiʻekiʻe loa. E ʻike pū ʻia ia i nā mana kiʻekiʻe o Maserati Quattroporte a me Levante. Pili pono ia i ka ʻenekini V6 maikaʻi i hoʻohana ʻia e Alfa Romeo Giulia Quadrifoglio.
