Hiki i ka lithium ke hana i ka uila?

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Lithium i nā pākahi a me nā mea uila like ʻole. He metala alkali ia o ka pūʻulu mua o ka papaʻaina me nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona.

Ma ke ʻano he mea uila e pono e ʻike i kēia no ke ola, e kaʻana wau i kekahi ʻike pono e pili ana i ka conductivity lithium i kēia alakaʻi. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana nui o ka lithium, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāna "kemika" hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi ʻoi i ka wā e pili ana i kāna mau noi.

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: Lithium ke alakaʻi i ka uila ma nā ʻāina paʻa a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Loaʻa i ka Lithium kahi paʻa metala a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kāna mau electrons valence i loko o ka wai a me nā kūlana paʻa, e hiki ai ke kahe ka ikehu uila. No laila, ma kahi pōkole, pili wale ka conductivity uila o ka lithium i ke alo o nā electrons delocalized.

E hoʻoponopono au i nā kikoʻī hou aku ma lalo nei.

No ke aha e alakaʻi ai ka lithium i ka uila ma nā mokuʻāina hoʻoheheʻe a paʻa?

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā electrons delocalized.

Loaʻa i ka Lithium kahi paʻa metala a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kāna mau electrons valence i loko o ka wai a me nā kūlana paʻa, e hiki ai ke kahe ka ikehu uila. No laila, i ka pōkole, pili wale ka conductivity uila o ka lithium i ke alo o nā electrons delocalized.

Hiki i ka lithium oxide ke hana i ka uila ma ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe a paʻa?

Lithium oxide (Li2O) ke hoʻoheheʻe wale ʻia ka uila. He hui ionic keia, a o na iona i loko o ka Li2O paʻa i localized i loko o ka ionic lattice; ʻAʻole manuahi/mobile nā ​​ion a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokele uila. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ua haki nā paʻa ionic a lilo nā ion i kaʻawale, kahi e hōʻoia ai i ke kahe ʻole o ka ikehu uila.

Aia ma hea ka lithium ma ka papa ʻaina?

ʻO ka Lithium he metala alkali a aia i ka pūʻulu mua o ka papaʻaina.

Hōʻike ʻia kona wahi pololei ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei.

Nā waiwai o ka lithium, Li - kemika a me ke kino

1. Helu atomika, Z

He mea kemika ka Lithium me ka helu atomika (Z) o 3, i.e. Z = 3. Ua pili kēia i ʻekolu protons a me ʻekolu mau electrons i loko o kona ʻano atomika.

2. Hoailona kemika

ʻO ka hōʻailona kemika no ka lithium ʻo Li.

3. Nānā

He metala alkali keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ʻoi aku ka palupalu a me ka māmā. ʻO ia hoʻi ka māmā māmā māmā ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau.

4. Reactivity a me ka waiho 'ana

ʻO ka Lithium (e like me nā metala alkali a pau) he mea ʻoi loa a hiki ke puhi ʻia, no laila mālama ʻia i loko o ka ʻaila mineral.

5. Ka nui atomika, A

ʻO ka nuipa o kahi atom (ma kā mākou hihia, lithium) ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo ia ka nui o ka atomic. ʻO ka nuipa atomika, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka pilina isotopic mass, pili i ka nuipaʻa o kahi ʻāpana pākahi a no laila pili i kahi isotope o kahi mea.

6. Ka paila a me ka hehee

• Ka helu hehee, Тmelt = 180.5°C
• Puni paila, bp = 1342°C

E hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana kēia mau kiko i ke kaomi lewa maʻamau.

7. Atomic radius o ka lithium

He radius atomika ko Lithium atoms o 128 pm (covalent radius).

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole i wehewehe maopopo ʻia nā ʻātoma i ka palena o waho. ʻO ka radius atomika o kahi kemika, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ke ao electron mai ka nucleus.

ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka lithium, Li

• Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lithium i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa, i ka hana ʻana i nā alloys a, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, i nā pā. 
• ʻOiai ʻike ʻia ka lithium e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano, ʻaʻole maopopo ka poʻe ʻepekema i ke ʻano kūpono e pili ai i ka ʻōnaehana nerve. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Lithium e hōʻemi i ka hana o nā mea loaʻa dopamine. Eia kekahi, hiki iā ia ke hele i ka placenta a pili i ke keiki hānau ʻole.
• ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka fusion nuklea mua i hana ʻia ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka lithium i tritium.
• ʻO ka Lithium mai ka huaʻōlelo Helene lithos, ʻo ia hoʻi "pōhaku". Loaʻa ka Lithium i ka nui o nā pōhaku igneous, akā ʻaʻole i kona ʻano manuahi.
• Hoʻopuka ka electrolysis o (molten) lithium chloride (LiCl) i ka metala lithium.

Ke kumu (mau) o ka hana ana o kahi pākahiko lithium-ion

Loaʻa i kahi pākaukau lithium-ion hiki ke hoʻokuʻu hou ʻia i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aʻe paha nā mea hana mana, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā cell. ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana nui o kēlā me kēia cell/compartment:

ʻO ka electrode maikaʻi (graphite) - pili i ka ʻaoʻao maikaʻi o ka pākaukau.

ʻO ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole pili me ka mea ino.

uila - hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waena o ʻelua mau electrodes.

ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o nā ion (ma ka electrolyte) a me nā electrons (ma ke kaapuni o waho, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe) he mau kaʻina hana pili; ke kū kekahi, hahai kekahi. 

Inā ʻaʻole hiki i nā ion ke hele i loko o ka electrolyte ke hoʻopau piha ʻia ka pākaukau, a laila ʻaʻole hiki i nā electrons.

Pēlā nō, inā hoʻopau ʻoe i nā mea a pau e mana ai i ka pākaukau, e pau ka neʻe ʻana o nā electrons a me nā ion. Hoʻopau koke ka pākaukau i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, akā hoʻomau ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana me ka lohi loa ʻoiai ke pio ʻia ka hāmeʻa.

E nānā i kekahi o kā mākou ʻatikala ma lalo nei.

• ʻO ka sulfuric acid ke alakaʻi i ka uila
• Lawe ʻo Sucrose i ka uila
• Na Nitrogen ke alakai i ka uila

Nā loulou wikiō

Wehewehe 'ia ka Papa Manawa: Introduction

Pehea ka hana ʻana o ka pākaukau lithium ion | Kuʻuna hana