ʻO nā palapala laikini ʻulaʻula ma Rusia a puni ka honua

Hiki ke loaʻa pinepine nā kaʻa me nā papa inoa ʻulaʻula ma nā alanui ākea ma Rūsia a ma waho. No laila, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o kā lākou manaʻo a pehea e hana ai me kā lākou mea nona.

Nā helu kaʻa ʻulaʻula: he aha ke ʻano

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻōlelo kumu ma nā papa inoa kaʻa ma Rūsia ma nā palapala ʻelua:

• ma GOST R 50577–93 "Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa mokuʻāina o nā kaʻa. Nā ʻano a me nā ana kumu. Nā koi ʻenehana (me nā Hoʻololi No. 1, 2, 3, 4)";
• ma ke Kauoha o ke Kuhina Kalaiaina o Rusia i kakauia i ka la 5 o Okatoba, 2017 No. 766 "Ma ka papa inoa o na kaa."

Hōʻike ka palapala mua i ka ʻaoʻao ʻenehana o ka hoʻopuka: nā ʻāpana o ka palapala laikini, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ka waihoʻoluʻu, nā ana, nā mea, a pēlā aku. Ua ʻae ʻia ke Kauoha o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs i ka papa inoa o nā code digital o nā hui constituent o ka Russian Federation, a me nā code o nā helu kaʻa o nā misionari diplomatic, consulates, me nā mea hanohano, nā hui honua a me kā lākou mau limahana i ʻae ʻia me ke Kuhina. o ko na aina e o ka Russian Federation.

Loaʻa i ka Appendix A i GOST R 50577–93 kahi papa inoa o nā ʻano palapala laikini āpau i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma Rusia. Ma waena o lākou, e nānā pono kākou i nā papa inoa o ke ʻano 9 a me 10: ʻo nā mea wale nō ka ʻulaʻula o ke kala. ʻO ia mau helu kaʻa, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ke kūlana mokuʻāina, ua hoʻopuka ʻia no nā kaʻa o nā misionari haole i ka Russian Federation i ʻae ʻia e ka Russian Foreign Ministry.

Wahi a GOST, ua hana ʻia nā palapala ma nā papa inoa kaʻa o ke ʻano 9 a me 10 i nā kiʻi keʻokeʻo ma kahi ʻulaʻula.

I ka manawa like, hiki i nā papa inoa inoa o ke ʻano 9 ke lilo wale i nā poʻo o nā misionari diplomatic (ka pae ʻelele), a me ke ʻano 10 - no nā limahana ʻē aʻe o nā embassies, consulates a me nā hui honua.

Ma waho aʻe o ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā palapala laikini, pono e hoʻolohe ka mea makemake i nā kaʻa i nā helu a me nā leka i kākau ʻia ma luna o lākou. ʻO kēia kaʻike e hiki ai iāʻoe keʻike i kahi mahele nui o kaʻike e pili ana i ka mea nona ka kaʻa.

E aʻo pehea e noi ai no ka laikini kaʻa honua: https://bumper.guru/voditelskie-prava/mezhdunarodnoe-voditelskoe-udostoverenie.html

Hoʻokohu palapala

Ma nā leka ma nā palapala laikini ʻulaʻula, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ke kūlana o kahi limahana o kahi misionari haole.

Wahi a ka paukū 2 o ke Kauoha o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs o Rūsia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ʻOkakopa 5, 2017 No. 766 "Ma nā papa inoa inoa o nā kaʻa", ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau leka:

1. ʻO ka pūʻulu CD no nā kaʻa o nā poʻo o nā misionari diplomatic.

   

   Hiki ke kau ʻia nā papa inoa o ka "CD" ma nā kaʻa o nā poʻo o nā misionari diplomatic.

2. Series D - no nā kaʻa o nā misionari diplomatic, nā hui consular, me nā mea i alakaʻi ʻia e nā luna consular hanohano, nā hui honua (interstate) a me kā lākou mau limahana i ʻae ʻia e ka Ministry of Foreign Affairs o ka Russian Federation a me nā kāleka diplomatic a consular.

   

   Hiki ke kau ʻia nā helu o ka "D" ma nā kaʻa o nā limahana o nā mikiona haole me ke kūlana diplomatic

3. Series T - no nā kaʻa o nā limahana o nā misionari diplomatic, nā keʻena consular, koe naʻe nā keʻena consular i alakaʻi ʻia e nā luna consular hanohano, nā hui honua (interstate) i ʻae ʻia e ka Ministry of Foreign Affairs o ka Russian Federation a me nā kāleka lawelawe a i ʻole nā ​​​​palapala.

   

   Hoʻopuka ʻia nā helu kaʻa o ka moʻo "T" no nā kaʻa o nā limahana hoʻokele a me nā ʻenehana i loaʻa ʻole ke kūlana diplomatic.

Ka helu helu

Ma waho aʻe o nā leka, aia nā "helu diplomatic" i kahi helu helu helu ʻekolu. Hōʻike ia i ka lāhui o kahi hui diplomatic a consular a i ʻole ka inoa o kahi hui honua. ʻO ka Appendix 2 i ke Kauoha o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs o Rusia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ʻOkakopa 5, 2017 No. 766 e hāʻawi i kahi code digital i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina a i ʻole hui honua. ʻO nā helu mai 001 a 170 no nā mokuʻāina, mai 499 a 560 - i nā hui honua (interstate), 900 - i nā hui consular, me nā mea hanohano, me ka ʻole o ka ʻāina a lākou e kū nei.

He mea nui ka helu ʻana i kēia appendix e like me ke ʻano o ka pilina diplomatic o nā ʻāina like ʻole me ka Soviet Union i ka manawa mai 1924 a 1992.

Ma waho aʻe o kā lākou mau code ponoʻī, ma nā helu kaʻa ʻulaʻula, e like me nā mea Lūkini ʻē aʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia ka code ʻāina mai Appendix 1 o ke Kauoha o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs o Russia No. 766 ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka papa inoa.

Papa: nā code o nā keʻena ʻelele o kekahi mau mokuʻāina a me nā hui honua

Kānāwai makai kaʻa	Hōʻike haole
001	ʻO United Kingdom
002	Germany
004	United States
007	France
069	Finland
499	EU Delegation
511	Lunamakaainana UN
520	ʻO ka International Labor Organization
900	Na Kanikela Hanohano

ʻO wai ka kuleana e hoʻokomo i nā helu kaʻa ʻulaʻula

ʻO nā limahana wale nō o nā hui diplomatic a me nā consular, a me nā hui honua (interstate), ke kuleana e hoʻokomo i nā papa inoa me kahi ʻulaʻula. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā ʻelele diplomatic wale nō ke kuleana, akā ʻo nā limahana hoʻokele a me nā ʻenehana o kahi misionari haole. ʻO ka hope, no ka pale hou aku, hāʻawi ʻia kahi kūlana kānāwai kūikawā i nā ʻohana e noho pū ana me lākou.

E like me ka ʻāpana 3 o ka Paukū 12.2 o ke Code of Administrative Offenses (Code of Administrative Offenses) o ka Russian Federation, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā helu mokuʻāina hoʻopunipuni ma ke kaʻa e hoʻopaʻi ʻia e ka uku o 2500 rubles no nā kamaʻāina, mai 15000 a 20000 rubles. no nā luna, a no nā hui kānāwai - mai 400000 a 500000 rubles. Hoʻokumu ka ʻatikala like ma ka ʻāpana 4 i kahi hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi loa no ka hoʻokele kaʻa me nā helu hoʻopunipuni: hoʻonele i nā kuleana no ka manawa o 6 mahina a 1 makahiki.

No kaʻu ʻaoʻao, makemake wau e aʻo iā ʻoe e kūʻē i ka hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻana i nā palapala laikini ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻole lākou e hāʻawi i kā lākou mea nona ka pono hoʻoholo ma nā alanui ākea me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hōʻailona kūikawā. ʻO ka lua, he mea maʻalahi loa ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana i kahi pā kau inoa kaʻa, no ka mea, ua loaʻa i nā mākaʻi kaʻa kaʻike loea e hoʻokumu i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā helu, ʻoiai ma kā lākou mau pou. ʻO ke kolu, aia nā hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā helu hoʻopunipuni. Eia kekahi, inā hoʻokō nā mākaʻi mākaʻi e hōʻoia ʻaʻole ʻoe i kaʻa wale i kahi kaʻa me nā papa inoa hoʻopunipuni, akā ua hoʻokomo pū iā ʻoe iho, a laila e hoʻopaʻi ʻia ʻoe ma ka hui o ka Māhele 3 a me ka Māhele 4 o Art. 12.2 o ke Code of Administrative Offenses o ka Russian Federation: he uku a hoʻonele i nā kuleana no ka manawa o ʻeono mahina a i hoʻokahi makahiki.

Ma muli o ke kūlana me ka ʻāpana palaho i ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā papa diplomatic ma waena o nā mea kaʻa, ua loaʻa iā lākou ka kaulana.

Ma muli o ka hilinaʻi ʻole a me ka pōʻino o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā helu fictitious, ʻo ka poʻe i makemake e maʻalahi iā lākou iho e hoʻohana i ke kaʻa ua loaʻa i nā ala e "holo" i ke kānāwai. ʻO ka mea mua, me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pilina, nui nā ʻoihana waiwai a me nā mea semi-criminal i loaʻa i kēia mau helu no ka uku waiwai, a no laila nā pono i loaʻa i kā lākou mea paʻa ma o nā ʻelele o nā mokuʻāina liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka lua, ua kūpono i ke kānāwai ke kiʻi ʻana i nā helu ʻano 9 no nā kamaʻāina i lilo i kanikela hanohano. Hiki ke loaʻa nā laʻana o nā moʻolelo koʻikoʻi loa o ka hoʻopuka ʻole ʻia ʻana o nā palapala laikini mai nā ʻelele a me nā consulates ma ka paʻi (e nānā, no ka laʻana: he ʻatikala ma ka nūpepa Argumenty i Fakty a i ʻole Kommersant).

ʻO ke kūlana kānāwai o nā kaʻa nona nā keʻena ʻelele haole ma ka Russian Federation

ʻO nā papa kaʻa ʻulaʻula kūikawā, i hāpai ʻia ma ko mākou ʻāina e koho i nā kaʻa o nā misionari diplomatic, e hana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi: ʻae lākou i nā mākaʻi mākaʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kaʻa me kahi kūlana kānāwai kūikawā i ka holo kaʻa. E like me ka Māhele 3 o Art. 22 o ka 1961 Convention on Diplomatic Relations i pau ma Vienna, a me ka Māhele 4 o Art. 31 o ka 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, ʻaʻole pale ʻia nā kaʻa o nā misionari diplomatic a me nā consulates mai ka ʻimi ʻana, nā koi (hopu ʻia e nā mana), hopu a me nā hana hoʻokō ʻē aʻe.

He mea koʻikoʻi ke koʻikoʻi ua kūkulu ʻo Rūsia i kahi kaʻina hana kūikawā no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā palekana a me nā pono, ʻaʻole like me ka mea i hāpai ʻia ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o ka honua. Me kēlā me kēia o nā ʻāina i loaʻa i ka Russian Federation ka pilina consular, ua kau inoa ʻia kahi hui consular bilateral ʻokoʻa. I loko o ia mea, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka nui o nā makemake i hāʻawi ʻia mai nā mea maʻamau i hōʻoia ʻia e ka 1963 Vienna Convention. No laila, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kūlana o nā kaʻa consular mai nā ʻāina like ʻole.

Ma waho aʻe o nā kaʻa, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā diplomats ponoʻī, nā limahana o nā keʻena consular he mau palekana e like me ko lākou kūlana. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka Paukū 31 o ka Vienna Convention o 1963 e ʻike i ka pale ʻana mai ka mana karaima o ka ʻāina hoʻokipa, a me ka mana hoʻomalu a me nā mana kīwila, me nā palena liʻiliʻi, no nā ʻelele diplomatic. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka luna aupuni, a me nā limahana ʻē aʻe o nā misionari haole, e nā hui mokuʻāina ma kekahi ʻano, ke ʻole ka mokuʻāina ʻae e hoʻokuʻu i ko lākou palekana (Pauku 32 o ka 1961 Vienna Convention).

ʻAʻole ʻo ka Immunity ka hoʻopaʻi ʻole piha ʻana i kahi limahana o ka misionari diplomatic a i ʻole ke keʻena consular, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke kuleana e ka mokuʻāina nāna i hoʻouna iā ia i ka Russian Federation.

Loaʻa i ka poʻe paʻa helu ʻulaʻula ka palekana diplomatic

ʻO ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o nā kuʻikahi honua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Rūsia he mea nui ma mua o ke kānāwai aupuni ma muli o ka Māhele 4 o Art. 15 o ke Kumukānāwai o ka Russian Federation, no laila, ʻike ʻia nā lula e pili ana i ka pale ʻana o nā kaʻa kaʻa i kā mākou mau kānāwai. Ma ka hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono hou o nā mākaʻi kaʻa (Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ʻAukake 23.08.2017, 664 N 292), ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i nā lula e pili ana i ka launa pū ʻana me nā kaʻa o ka poʻe i loaʻa ka palekana mai ka mana hoʻomalu. E like me ka pauku XNUMX o ke Kauoha o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hoʻokele aʻe i nā kamaʻāina ʻē e hauʻoli nei i ka palekana:

• ka nānā ʻana i nā kaʻa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻenehana a me nā ʻano loea kūikawā e hana ana ma ke ʻano ʻakomi;
• hoʻokuʻu i ke kaʻa;
• kū kaʻawale;
• ka hōʻoia o nā palapala, nā papa inoa moku'āina o ke kaʻa, a me ke kūlana ʻenehana o ke kaʻa e hana nei;
• ka hana ʻana i kahi protocol no ka hewa hoʻomalu;
• ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka ʻōlelo hoʻoholo no ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi hihia no ka hewa hoʻomalu a me ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻokolokolo hoʻomalu;
• ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka ʻōlelo hoʻoholo no ka hōʻole ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi hihia no ka hewa hoʻomalu;
• ka nānā ʻana no ke kūlana o ka ʻona ʻona;
• kuhikuhi no ka hookolokolo kino no ka ona;
• ka hoopuka ana i ka olelo hooholo no ka hihia o ka hewa hooponopono;
• e kakau ana i ke kuokoa no ka nana ana i kahi o ka hewa hooponopono.

E aʻo pehea e nānā ai i ke kaʻa ma VIN: https://bumper.guru/pokupka-prodazha/gibdd-proverka-avtomobilya.html

Akā, ʻaʻohe mana o nā mākaʻi e huki i nā kamaʻāina ʻē me ka pale ʻole mai ka mana hoʻomalu o ka Russian Federation. Wahi a ka paukū 295 o ke Kauoha o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs, i nā hihia kahi e hana ai kahi kaʻa i kahi pōʻino i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, he kuleana ko nā mākaʻi e pani i kahi kaʻa me nā papa diplomatic e hoʻohana ana i nā ala i loaʻa iā ia. Pono lākou e hōʻike koke i kēia i kā lākou mau hoa hana ma ke keʻena o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs ma ka pae ʻāpana. Pono lākou e haʻi i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hanana i ka Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs a me ka misionari diplomatic nona ke kaʻa. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mākaʻi kaʻa kaʻa ke komo i ke kaʻa a hoʻopili i ka mea hoʻokele a me nā mea kaʻa me ka ʻae ʻole.

ʻO nā mākaʻi kaʻa kaʻa, makaʻu i kahi hōʻino diplomatic hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, mai hoʻolohe i nā hewa o nā mea hoʻokele o nā kaʻa me nā helu ʻulaʻula.

A i ʻole, pili nā kaʻa me nā helu ʻulaʻula i nā lula maʻamau o ke alanui a ʻaʻohe pono o nā mea hoʻohana alanui ʻē aʻe. Kūlike ʻia nā ʻokoʻa i nā lula i ka wā e hele ai i nā kaʻa kaʻa diplomatic i hele pū ʻia me nā kaʻa mākaʻi e hoʻohana ana i nā hōʻailona kūikawā e like me ka Mokuna 3 o ka SDA. Hiki i ke kaʻa me nā kukui ʻālohilohi ke haʻalele i nā kukui kaʻa, nā palena wikiwiki, nā lula hoʻokele a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā kālā kūikawā, ma keʻano he kānāwai, hoʻohana waleʻia e nā poʻo o nā misionari i nā hihia o nā kūkākūkā koʻikoʻi a me ka wikiwiki.

Me ka pololei a pau o luna, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole makemake nui nā mākaʻi kaʻa e hoʻōki i nā kaʻa me nā papa inoa diplomatic, makemake e huli makapō i nā hewa liʻiliʻi. A ʻo nā mea nona nā kaʻa me nā helu ʻulaʻula iā lākou iho e hana ʻino i nā alanui, me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i nā kuʻuna o ka etiquette, akā i nā kānāwai kaʻa. No laila, e makaʻala ma nā alanui a, inā hiki, e pale i ke komo ʻana i nā hakakā naʻaupō!

Nā mea hou aku e pili ana i nā ulia kaʻa: https://bumper.guru/dtp/chto-takoe-dtp.html

Nā helu ʻulaʻula ma nā kaʻa a puni ka honua

ʻO ka hapa nui o ko mākou mau hoa pili i nā huakaʻi i waho e hōʻole i ka lawe ʻana i ka lehulehu no ka pilikino. He mea nui iā lākou ke aʻo i nā lula kumu o ka hana ma nā alanui o ka ʻāina hoʻokipa, hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa mai nā Lūkini. Ua like ke kūlana me nā palapala laikini ʻulaʻula: ma muli o ka mokuʻāina, loaʻa iā lākou nā manaʻo like ʻole.

Ukraine

ʻO nā palapala laikini ʻulaʻula Ukrainian me ke keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻeleʻele alphabetic a me nā hua helu helu e hōʻike ana i nā kaʻa transit. No ka mea ua hoʻopuka ʻia lākou no ka manawa palena, ʻo ka mea no ka pā inoa inoa he plastic, ʻaʻole metala. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia ka mahina o ka hoʻopuka ma ka helu ponoʻī, i maʻalahi ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka lā palena no ka hoʻohana.

ʻulaʻula nā helu transit Ukrainian

Belarus

Ma ka Union Republic, ua hoʻopuka ʻia nā palapala laikini ʻulaʻula, e like me ko mākou ʻāina, no nā kaʻa o nā misionari haole. Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻokoʻa: hiki i kahi luna kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka Ministry of Internal Affairs o ka Repubalika o Belarus ke lilo i mea nona ka kaʻa me kahi helu ʻulaʻula.

ʻO Europe

I ka European Union, ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona hoʻokahi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pā kaʻa ʻulaʻula. Ma Bulgaria a me Denmark, lawelawe nā kaʻa me nā papa inoa ʻulaʻula i nā mokulele. Ma Belgium, ʻulaʻula nā helu maʻamau. Ma Helene, loaʻa i nā mea hoʻokele kaʻa nā helu ʻulaʻula. A ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Hungary iā lākou me ka halihali hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa.

Video: e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā helu ʻulaʻula i Kelemania hou

ʻO nā helu ʻulaʻula ma Kelemānia, no ke aha lākou e pono ai a pehea e hana ai?

ʻO Asia

Ma Armenia, Mongolia a me Kazakhstan, nā palapala laikini ʻulaʻula, e like me Rusia, ke kuleana o nā ʻelele haole.

Ma Turkey, ʻelua ʻano helu me ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula:

• no na kaa aupuni;
• no nā luna hoʻomalu a me nā limahana o nā ʻoihana kūloko.

United States

He mokuʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e ke aupuni, no laila aia ka mana e hoʻonohonoho i nā kūlana no nā papa inoa kaʻa i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina. No ka laʻana, ma Pennsylvania, loaʻa i nā kaʻa pilikia nā papa ʻulaʻula, a ma Ohio, ʻo ka paʻi ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻaoʻao melemele e hōʻike ana i nā mea hoʻokele ʻona ma ke alanui.

Nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe

Ma Kanada, ʻulaʻula nā papa laikini maʻamau ma ke ʻano keʻokeʻo. ʻOiai ma Brazil, ʻike ʻia ka ʻulaʻula o nā palapala laikini i nā kaʻa lehulehu.

ʻO nā papa inoa kaʻa i ʻulaʻula ma nā ʻāina o ka honua he mau kumu like ʻole. Hoʻokahi mea like lākou - ka makemake o nā luna aupuni e hōʻike i ke kaʻa i ke kahe o ke kaʻa, e ʻike ʻia e nā poʻe hele wāwae a puni, nā mea hoʻokele a me nā mākaʻi. Ma Rūsia, ʻo nā helu ʻulaʻula ke kuleana maʻamau e nā diplomats. ʻO nā kala ʻulaʻula o nā papa i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻike i ke kūlana kūikawā o kahi kaʻa o kahi misionari diplomatic a i ʻole nā ​​​​hui ʻē aʻe.