ʻOi aku ka hoihoi a ka lekiō lewa

Hele koke mai lākou, mai nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole o ke ao holoʻokoʻa, he puʻupuʻu o nā alapine he nui, a ʻoki ʻia ma hope o kekahi mau milliseconds. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole e hana hou kēia mau hōʻailona. Eia naʻe, i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua uhaki kekahi o ka FRB i kēia lula, a hiki i kēia lā ke hele mai nei i kēlā me kēia manawa. E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o Nature i Ianuali, ua ʻike hou ʻia kahi hihia like ʻole.

ʻO ka uila uila wikiwiki e hana hou ana ma mua (FRB – ) hele mai ia mai kahi hōkūhele liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i loko o ka constellation Chariot, ma kahi o 3 biliona mau makahiki māmā. Ma ka liʻiliʻi, manaʻo mākou pēlā, no ka mea, hāʻawi ʻia ke kuhikuhi. Ua hoʻouna ʻia paha ia e kekahi mea ʻē aʻe a mākou e ʻike ʻole ai.

Ma kahi ʻatikala i paʻi ʻia ma Nature, hōʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo ka telescope radio Kanada CHIME (Ka Hoʻāʻo Palapala Kiʻi Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai Kanaka) he ʻumikūmākolu mau lekiō hou i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia, me ʻeono mai kahi wahi o ka lewa. ʻO kā lākou kumu i manaʻo ʻia he 1,5 biliona mau makahiki māmā, ʻelua mau manawa kokoke i kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka hōʻailona hou.

Mea hana hou - ʻike hou

Ua ʻike ʻia ka FRB mua ma 2007, a mai ia manawa ua hōʻoia mākou i ke kū ʻana o nā kumu he kanalima o ia mau pulses. He mau milliseconds hope lākou, akā ua like ko lākou ikehu me ka mea a ka Lā e hana ai i loko o hoʻokahi mahina. Ua manaʻo ʻia a hiki i ka ʻelima kaukani o ia mau maʻi maʻi i ka Honua i kēlā me kēia lā, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopaʻa inoa iā lākou a pau, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia i ka wā a me kahi e hiki mai ai.

Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka telescope lekiō CHIME e ʻike i kēia ʻano hanana. Aia ma ke awāwa ʻo Okanagan ma British Columbia, ʻehā mau antenna semi-cylindrical nui e nānā ana i ka lani āpau āpau i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO nā hōʻailona he ʻumikumamākolu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai Iulai a ʻOkakopa 2018, ʻeono mau manawa e hele mai ana mai kahi hoʻokahi. Ua kāhea nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia hanana FRB 180814.J0422 + 73. Ua like nā ʻano hōʻailona FRB 121102ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia e mākou e hoʻihoʻi mai ia wahi hoʻokahi.

ʻO ka mea mahalo, ua hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia ka FRB ma CHIME ma nā alapine ma ke kauoha o ka wale nō 400 MHz. ʻO nā mea i ʻike mua ʻia o ka pahū lekiō i hana pinepine ʻia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe, kokoke i ke alapine lekiō. 1,4 GHz. Ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻike ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 8 GHz, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā FRB i ʻike ʻia e mākou ma nā alapine ma lalo o 700 MHz - ʻoiai nā hoʻāʻo he nui e ʻike iā lākou ma kēia lōʻihi nalu.

ʻOkoʻa nā lapalapa i ʻike ʻia mai kekahi i kekahi ma ke ʻano o hoʻopuehu manawa (ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka piʻi ʻana o ke alapine o ka nalu i loaʻa, ʻo nā ʻāpana o ka hōʻailona like i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kekahi mau alapine e hiki i ka mea loaʻa ma hope). ʻO kekahi o nā FRB hou he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa, ʻo ia paha ke ʻano o kona kumu e pili kokoke ana i ka Honua (ʻaʻole hoʻopuehu loa ka hōʻailona, ​​no laila hiki ke hele mai iā mākou ma kahi mamao pōkole). I kekahi hihia ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka FRB i ʻike ʻia he nui nā pahu kū hoʻokahi - a i kēia manawa ua ʻike mākou he liʻiliʻi wale nō.

Me he mea lā, ʻo nā waiwai o nā lapalapa a pau i loko o ka laʻana hou e hōʻike ana he kumu mua lākou mai nā ʻāpana i hoʻopuehu ikaika i nā nalu lekiō ma mua o ka diffuse interstellar medium i loko o kā mākou Milky Way. ʻO ke kumu o kā lākou kumu, hana ʻia nā FRB i kēia ala. kokoke i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o kahi meae like me nā kikowaena o nā galaxies ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​koena supernova.

E loaʻa koke i nā Astronomers kahi mea hana hou e hiki ai mile huinaha, i.e. kahi pūnaewele o nā telescopes radio i loaʻa i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kā mākou honua, me ka huina o hoʻokahi kilomika square. SKA e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka lekiō ma mua o kekahi telescope lekiō ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia, e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa inoa a hoʻopaʻa pono i kēlā ʻano pahū lekiō wikiwiki, a laila hoʻoholo i ke kumu o kā lākou radiation. Pono nā ʻike mua e hoʻohana ana i kēia ʻōnaehana ma 2020.

Ua ʻike hou aku ka naʻauao artificial

I Kepakemapa i ka makahiki i hala, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻike, mahalo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana akamai, hiki ke aʻo i nā kikoʻī hou aku i nā leki uila i hoʻouna ʻia e ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo FRB 121102 a hoʻonohonoho i ka ʻike e pili ana iā ia.

Pono e nānā i ka 400 terabytes o ka ʻikepili no 2017. E hoʻolohe i ka ʻikepili mai Telescope Bank Green ua ʻike ʻia nā pulses hou mai ke kumu pohihihi o ka hoʻi hou ʻana ʻo FRB 121102. Ma mua, ua kāpae ʻia lākou e nā ʻano hana maʻamau. E like me ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea noiʻi, ʻaʻole i hana nā hōʻailona i kahi ʻano maʻamau.

Ma ke ʻano he papahana, ua mālama ʻia kahi noiʻi hou (ʻo kāna co-founder Stephen Hawking), ʻo ia ke kumu e aʻo ai i ke ao holoʻokoʻa. ʻOi aku ka pololei, pili ia i nā ʻanuʻu aʻe o ka subproject, i wehewehe ʻia ma ke ʻano he hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i nā hōʻike o ke ola ʻana o ka naʻauao extraterrestrial. Ke hoʻokō ʻia nei me ka SET(), he papahana ʻepekema i ʻike ʻia no nā makahiki he nui a ke hana nei i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hōʻailona mai nā moʻomeheu extraterrestrial.

Hoʻohana ka SETI Institute iā ia iho ʻUpena Telescopic Allene ho'āʻo ana e kiʻi i ka ʻikepili ma nā pūnaʻi alapine kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hoʻohana mua ʻia ma nā ʻike. ʻO nā lako analytical kikohoʻe hou i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā hale kiaʻi e ʻae i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā pahu alapine i hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia e kekahi mea ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā loea i mea e hiki ai ke ʻōlelo hou aku e pili ana iā FRB, pono ʻoe ʻike hou aku he nui. ʻAʻole he ʻumi, akā he mau tausani.

ʻO kekahi o nā kumu FRB kūloko

ʻAʻole pono nā malihini

Mai ka wā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai nā FRB mua, ua hoʻāʻo nā mea noiʻi e hoʻoholo i kā lākou kumu. ʻOiai i loko o nā moʻo moʻoʻōlelo ʻepekema, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka FRB me nā moʻomeheu malihini, ʻike iā lākou ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka hui ʻana o nā mea ākea ikaika, no ka laʻana, nā lua ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea i kapa ʻia nā magnetars.

Ma ka huina, ua ʻike mua ʻia ma kahi o ʻumi mau kuhiakau e pili ana i nā hōʻailona pohihihi.

Wahi a kekahi o lākou, no lākou mai e kahuli ana nā hōkū neutron.

ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe ke hele mai lākou mai nā cataclysms cosmic e like me pahū supernova ai ole ia, hāʻule ka hōkū neutron i na lua eleele.

ʻImi kekahi i ka wehewehe ʻana i nā mea astronomical theoretical i kapa ʻia nā uila uila. ʻO ka blitzar kahi ʻano like ʻole o ka hōkū neutron i lawa ka nuipaʻa e lilo ai i lua ʻeleʻele, akā ua keʻakeʻa ʻia kēia e ka ikaika centrifugal ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hōkū.

ʻO ke kuhiakau e hiki mai ana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ka mea hope loa i ka papa inoa, e hōʻike ana i ke ola o ka mea i kapa ʻia hoʻopili i nā ʻōnaehana binaryʻo ia hoʻi, ʻelua hoku e kaapuni kokoke loa ana.

ʻO FRB 121102 a me nā hōʻailona hou i ʻike ʻia ʻo FRB 180814.J0422+73, i loaʻa pinepine ʻia mai ke kumu hoʻokahi, ʻike ʻia e kāpae i nā hanana cosmic hoʻokahi e like me ka supernovae a i ʻole nā ​​hui hōkū neutron. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, pono hoʻokahi wale nō kumu o FRB? Hoʻouna ʻia paha ia mau hōʻailona ma muli o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e kū nei ma ka lewa?

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe hapa o nā manaʻo i ke kumu o nā hōʻailona he moʻomeheu extraterrestrial holomua. No ka laʻana, ua manaʻo ʻia ka manaʻo ʻo FRB paha nā leaks mai nā transmitters nui honuae hoʻohana ana i nā ʻimi interstellar ma nā ʻanuʻu mamao. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ia mau mea hoʻouna no ka hoʻolalelale ʻana i nā pea interstellar o ka mokulele. Ua lawa ka mana e hoʻouna aku ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona mau tona o ka ukana i ka lewa. Hana ʻia kēlā mau manaʻo, me Manasvi Lingam mai ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard.

Eia naʻe, ka mea i kapa ʻia kumu o ka pahi a OccamWahi a ia, i ka wehewehe ʻana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole, e hoʻāʻo kekahi e maʻalahi. Ua ʻike maopopo mākou i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka lekiō me nā mea a me nā kaʻina hana i ka Universe. ʻAʻole pono mākou e ʻimi i nā wehewehe exotic no nā FRB, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopili i kēia mau maʻi ʻino i nā hanana a mākou e ʻike nei.