Carbin - kalapona ʻāpana hoʻokahi
E like me ka puke pai Nature Materials i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻOkakopa 2016, ua loaʻa i nā ʻepekema mai ka Faculty of Physics ma ke Kulanui o Vienna ke ala e hana ai i kahi carbine paʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi. Hoʻokahi-dimensional kalapona, i manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka graphene (ka kalapona ʻelua-dimensional).
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he manaolana nui a he hōʻailona o ka hoʻololi waiwai, ʻoiai ma mua o ka lilo ʻana i mea maoli i ka ʻenehana, ua hoʻopau ʻia paha ka graphene e kona hoahānau pili kalapona - Kāleka. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka helu ʻana he ʻelua manawa kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika tensile o ka carbyne ma mua o ka graphene, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o kona rigidity tensile ʻekolu manawa ma mua o ka daimana. Paʻa ʻo Carbyne (ma ka manaʻo) ma ka lumi wela, a ke mālama pū ʻia kāna mau kaula, e ʻokoʻa lākou ma kahi ala hiki ke wānana.
He ʻano kalapona allotropic kēia me ka hale polyalkyne (C≡C)n, kahi i hana ʻia ai nā ʻātoma i nā kaulahao lōʻihi me nā mea paʻa hoʻokahi a me kolu a i ʻole nā mea paʻa pālua i hōʻiliʻili ʻia. Kapa ʻia kēlā ʻōnaehana he ʻano hoʻokahi-dimensional (1D) no ka mea ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻopili ʻia i ka filament mānoanoa hoʻokahi-atom. ʻElua mau manaʻo ke ʻano o ka graphene, ʻoiai he lōʻihi a ākea, akā hoʻokahi wale nō ka mānoanoa o ka graphene. ʻO nā noiʻi i hana ʻia a hiki i kēia manawa ke hōʻike nei ʻo ke ʻano ikaika loa o ka carabiner ʻelua mau kaula i hui pū kekahi me kekahi (1).
A hiki i kēia manawa, liʻiliʻi ka ʻike e pili ana i ka carbine. Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe Astronomers ua ʻike mua ʻia i nā meteorites a me ka lepo interstellar.
Ua helu ʻo Mingji Liu a me kahi hui ma ke Kulanui ʻo Rice i nā waiwai theoretical o ka carbine e hiki ke kōkua i ka noiʻi empirical. Ua hōʻike nā mea noiʻi i kahi loiloi e noʻonoʻo ana i nā hoʻokolohua no ka ikaika tensile, ka ikaika flexural, a me ka deformation torsional. Ua helu lākou ʻo ka ikaika kikoʻī o ka carbyne (ʻo ia hoʻi. carbon nanotubes (6,0-7,5×107 N∙m/kg) a me daimana (4,7-5,5×107 N∙m/kg). ʻO ka uhaki ʻana i kahi paʻa hoʻokahi i loko o ke kaulahao o nā ʻātoma e koi i ka ikaika ma kahi o 4,3 nN. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kaulahao ma ka lumi wela ma kahi o 5,0 nm.
Pākuʻi hui hana CH2 hiki ke wili ʻia ka hope o ke kaulahao carbine e like me ke kaula DNA. Ma ka "hoʻonani" i nā kaulahao carabiner me nā moleke like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā waiwai ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o kekahi mau ʻātoma calcium e hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā ʻātoma hydrogen e hopena i kahi ʻōhuʻu hoʻopaʻa hydrogen kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO kahi waiwai hoihoi o ka mea hou ka hiki ke hana i nā mea paʻa me nā kaulahao ʻaoʻao. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana a me ka uhaʻi ʻana i kēia mau mea paʻa e mālama a hoʻokuʻu i ka ikehu. No laila, hiki i ka carabiner ke lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mea mālama ikehu maikaʻi loa, no ka mea, ʻo kāna mau molekala he hoʻokahi atom i ke anawaena, a ʻo ka ikaika o ka mea e hiki ai ke hana pinepine a wāwahi i nā mea paʻa me ka pilikia ʻole o ka haki. ka mole ponoi e haki.
Hōʻike nā mea āpau i ka hoʻololi ʻana a i ʻole ka wili ʻana o ka carabiner i kona mau pono uila. Ua manaʻo ʻo Theorists e kau i nā "lima" kūikawā ma nā wēlau o ka mole, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi wikiwiki a maʻalahi i ka conductivity a i ʻole band gap o carbyne.
2. He kaulahao carabiners i loko o ka hale graphene
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo nā waiwai āpau i ʻike ʻia a ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia o ka carbine e noho mau wale nō ke kumumanaʻo maikaʻi inā ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hana i ka mea ma ke kumukūʻai a me ka nui. Ua hōʻike kekahi mau keʻena noiʻi i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi carbine, akā ua hōʻike ʻia ka mea paʻa ʻole. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe kemika inā hoʻohui mākou i ʻelua mau kaula o ka carabiner, e loaʻa ka lua. I ʻApelila o kēia makahiki, aia nā hōʻike o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi carabiner paʻa i ke ʻano o nā kaula i loko o nā "pā" o ka hale graphene (2).
Malia paha ʻo ke ʻano o ke Kulanui o Vienna i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana he holomua. Pono mākou e ʻike koke.
