Nā helu kaulana i ka mōʻaukala kaʻa

Ke ʻike ʻoe i kahi Lamborghini ʻoluʻolu e kaʻa ana ma ke alanui (ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kou ʻāʻī maloʻo), manaʻo paha ʻoe i ka poʻe akamai i hana i kā lākou hana i ka hana ʻana i kēia mea kupanaha. Akā ʻo ka hana kanaka ma hope o Lamborghini, a ma hope o nā kaʻa a pau, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kou manaʻo.

Nui nā poʻe nui i hoʻolaʻa i ko lākou ola i ka hana ʻana i kahi hōʻailona ma ka ʻoihana kaʻa ma ke ʻano he ʻenekinia, inventors, a me nā mea hoʻopukapuka, a ua hoʻoweliweli kekahi i nā mea āpau e kālepa. I kēia lā ke nānā nei mākou i nā ola a me nā mea i hoʻokō ʻia o 40 mau kaʻao automotive, nā mea ola a me nā mea i make, nāna i hoʻoikaika i ka ʻoihana kaʻa a hana i kēia lā.

Nikolaus Otto

Ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻenekini Kelemania ʻo Nikolaus August Otto i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ʻenekini puhi ahi mua mua i ka makahiki 1876, i holo ma ke kinoea ma mua o ka mahu a ua kūkulu ʻia i loko o kahi kaʻa.

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo "Otto cycle engine", ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ʻehā mau paʻi a i ʻole nā ​​pōʻai no kēlā me kēia ʻā. ʻO ka ʻenekini puhi ahi ʻo Otto i hana i nā kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻaila i manaʻo maoli, e hoʻomaka ana i ke au o nā kaʻa a hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka mōʻaukala no nā kenekulia e hiki mai ana.

ʻO Gottlieb Daimler

Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Gottlieb Daimler i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka ʻenekini ʻehā-stroke a Nikolaus Otto me ke kōkua ʻana o kāna hoa ʻo Wilhelm Maybach e hoʻomohala i ka mea mua o ka ʻenekini ʻaila hou a hoʻohana maikaʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kaʻa huila ʻehā mua o ka honua.

ʻO ka ʻenekini V-twin, 2-cylinder, 4-stroke engine i hoʻomohala ʻia e Daimler a me Maybach ke kumu no nā ʻenekini kaʻa o kēia lā. I ka makahiki 1890, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (Daimler Motors Corporation) e ʻelua mau ʻenekini Kelemania e hana i nā ʻenekini a me nā kaʻa ma hope.

ʻO Karl Benz

ʻO ka ʻenekini kaʻa Kelemania ʻo Karl Friedrich Benz, i manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo "ka makua o ka ʻoihana kaʻa" a me "ka makua kāne o ke kaʻa", ua ʻike ʻia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka kaʻa mua loa o ka honua.

ʻO ka huila ʻekolu o Benz i hoʻohana ʻia e kahi ʻenekini ʻehā-stroke e manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kaʻa mua i hana nui ʻia ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi palapala hōʻailona no ia ma '4. ʻO ka hui kaʻa kaʻa ʻo Benz, ka mea hana kaʻa nui loa o ka honua i kēlā manawa, hui pū ʻia. me Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft e hoʻokumu i ka mea i kapa ʻia i kēia lā ʻo Mercedes-Benz Group.

ʻO Charles Edgar lāua ʻo James Frank Duria

ʻOiai ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo John Lambert i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka kaʻa kinoea mua loa o ʻAmelika, ʻo nā kaikunāne Duria ka mea hana mua o ʻAmelika. Ua hoʻokumu lākou i ka Duryea Motor Wagon Company ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kā lākou kaʻa ʻehā-horsepower hoʻokahi-cylinder ma Springfield, Massachusetts i ka makahiki 1893.

Ua ulu nui ka makemake no nā kaʻa Duryea ma hope o ka lanakila ʻana o kekahi o kā lākou kaʻa, i alakaʻi ʻia e James Frank Duryea, i ka heihei kaʻa mua o ʻAmelika ma Chicago i ka makahiki 1895. Kaʻa Durya.

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Henry Ford ka mea koʻikoʻi loa i ka mōʻaukala o ka ʻoihana kaʻa. E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu e ʻike i ke kumu.

ʻO Wilhelm Maybach

He hoa pili a me ka hui pū ʻana o Daimler, ʻenekini Kelemania ʻo Wilhelm Maybach ma hope o nā mea hana he nui o ka wā kaʻa kaʻa mua, ʻo ia hoʻi nā carburetors spray, kahi mīkini ʻeke wai piha, kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe radiator, a, ʻo ka mea nui, ʻo ka mīkini kaʻa ʻehā-cylinder mua i hoʻololi ʻia. mai ka mīkini Otto. hoʻolālā.

ʻO Maybach ka mea mua i hoʻokomo i ka ʻenekini i mua o ka mea hoʻokele a ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu, kahi i noho ai mai ia manawa. I ka pau ʻana o ka makahiki 35, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia i kūkulu i kahi kaʻa 1902 hp radical no ka paionia heihei kaʻa ʻo Emil Jellinek, ka mea, ma ke noi a Jellinek, ua kapa ʻia ma hope o kāna kaikamahine: Mercedes. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i kāna ʻoihana kaʻa ponoʻī e hana i nā kaʻa waiwai nui i ʻike ʻia e ka honua i kēia lā ʻo ka Maybach.

ʻO Rudolph Diesel

Ua hoʻolālā ka ʻenekini Kelemania ʻo Rudolf Diesel i ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻenekini mahu a me ke kinoea o ia manawa ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka ea, ka mea i hoʻonui nui ʻia nā kinoea i ka wā o ka puhi ʻana.

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki 1898, ʻaʻole pono ia i kahi kumu hoʻāla, e ʻae iā ia e holo ma luna o nā ʻaila like ʻole, me nā biofuels. ʻOiai e hoʻomohala ana i ka prototype, ua pahū koke ka mīkini 10 kapuaʻi kiʻekiʻe i make iā Diesel a ua pōʻino mau kona mau maka. ʻOiai ua manaʻo ʻia ka mīkini diesel e kōkua i nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kā lākou mau kumukūʻai hana, ua hoʻāla ia i kahi kipi i ka ʻoihana kaʻa.

Hoola E. Kahiko

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Ransom Eli Olds no ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kekahi mau hana maʻamau i ka ʻoihana kaʻa i kēia lā. ʻO ia ka mea mua i hoʻokumu i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻolako, ka mea mua i hana nui i nā kaʻa ma kahi laina hui paʻa, a ʻo ka mea mua i hoʻolaha a kūʻai aku i kāna mau kaʻa.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Olds i kāna hui kaʻa i ka makahiki 1897 a ua hana i kāna kaʻa mua, ʻo Oldsmobile Curved Dash, ma 1901. I nā makahiki ʻelua e hiki mai ana, ua lilo ia i mea hana kaʻa nui loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa!

ʻO Henry Ford

ʻO Henry Ford, ʻo ia ke kanaka koʻikoʻi loa i ka mōʻaukala kaʻa, hana i nā kaʻa i hiki i ka lehulehu. Ua hoʻololi ka Ford Model T i ka ʻoihana kaʻa i ka wā i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai i ka makahiki 1908, ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka Ford Motor Company. Ua hoʻomaka kahi au hou i ka wā i lilo ʻole ai nā kaʻa i mea waiwai.

He nui ka poʻe i manaʻo i ka laina hui o Ford me ke kāʻei conveyor, i hui pū ʻia me kahi lā hana $5 (pālua i ka awelika o ka uku o kēlā me kēia lā i kēlā manawa) a hoʻemi i nā hola hana, ua banekorupa i ka hui, akā ua hoʻonui i ka pono a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumukūʻai hana. No laila ua emi ke kumu kūʻai o ka Model T mai $825 a i $260 i ka makahiki 1925. I ka makahiki 1927, ua kūʻai aku ʻo Ford i 15 miliona mau kaʻa Model T.

Aʻe aʻe: ʻO kēia paionia kaʻa kaʻao e hoʻokūkū maʻalahi i nā hana a Henry Ford ...

William Durant

Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa i ola, ʻo William C. Durant kekahi o nā paionia alakaʻi o ka ʻoihana kaʻa. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo ia a i ʻole he mea kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana kaʻa he nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Buick, Chevrolet, Frigidaire, Pontiac, Cadillac, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka General Motors Corporation (ʻo ia ka mea i puka mai i kāna hui kaʻa kūleʻa i 1908).

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Duran i hoʻokumu i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻohui kūpaʻa kahi i loaʻa ai i ka hui kekahi mau marques kūʻokoʻa like ʻole me nā laina kaʻa like ʻole ma lalo o kahi hui paʻa hui. I kona mau lā, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "The Man" a ua kapa ʻo JP Morgan iā ia he "ʻike ʻike ʻole".

Charles Nash

Hānau ʻia i loko o ka ʻilihune loa, ua hana ʻo Charles Williams Nash i kekahi mau hana haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka hoʻolimalima ʻia ʻana e William Durant ma 1 ma ke ʻano he upholsterer no $1890 i ka lā ma kāna hale hana kaʻa. Ke hana nei ʻo ia i luna, ua lilo ʻo Nash i CEO. He hana koʻikoʻi ʻo ia i ke kōkua ʻana iā Buick a me General Motors e hoʻi i ko lākou mau wāwae, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā o kona noho pelekikena o GM ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o Durant.

I ka loaʻa hou ʻana o ka mana o GM iā Durant i ka makahiki 1916, ua haʻalele ʻo Nash ma muli o kekahi mau hoʻopaʻapaʻa, e hōʻole ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana o Durant i kahi uku makahiki he $1 miliona. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka Nash Motors lanakila loa, ka mea i hana i nā kaʻa kūpono no "nā ʻāpana mākeke kūikawā i waiho ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe pilikua", i hoʻopaʻa i ke ala no ka American Motors Corporation.

Henry Leland

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo "Grand Old Man of Detroit," ʻike ʻia ʻo Henry Martin Leland no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ʻelua mau mea hoʻonani hanohano e kū nei i kēia lā: Cadillac a me Lincoln. Ua lawe mai ʻo Leland i ka ʻenekinia pololei i ka ʻoihana kaʻa a ua hana i kekahi mau loina hana hou, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana hoʻololi.

Ua kūʻai aku ʻo Leland iā Cadillac iā GM i ka makahiki 1909 akā ua pili pū me ia a hiki i ka makahiki 1917, i ka manawa i noi ai ke aupuni US iā Cadillac e hana i nā ʻenekini mokulele Liberty no ke Kaua Honua Mua, kahi noi i hōʻole ʻia e ka pacifist kiʻekiʻe o GM ʻo Will Durant. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Leland iā Lincoln me kahi ʻaelike he $10 miliona no ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā ʻenekini mokulele Liberty V12, ka mea i hoʻoikaika i nā kaʻa Lincoln mua ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaua.

Charles Rolls

ʻO Charles Stewart Rolls he paionia kaʻa kaʻa a me ka mokulele, kaulana no ka hoʻokumu pū ʻana i ka hui ʻo Rolls-Royce me ka ʻenekini kaʻa ʻo Henry Royce. No ka ʻohana aliʻi, ʻo Rolls he mea hoʻokele heihei wiwo ʻole a he kanaka ʻoihana akamai i ʻike i ka mana o ka pilina o ka lehulehu.

Ua ʻike ʻia ua hui ʻo Rolls iā Royce ma ka lā 4 o Mei 1904 ma Midland Hotel ma Manchester e hoʻomaka i kahi hui e ulu aʻe i ka hōʻailona kaʻa kaʻa hanohano loa a hiki i kēia lā. ʻOiai ua make ʻo Rolls i kahi ulia mokulele i ka makahiki 32, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻoihana kaʻa e mālama ʻole ʻia.

Aʻe: Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka uku o Walter Chrysler ma 1920? ʻAʻole ʻoe e hoʻokokoke mai!

Henry Royce

I ka wā i hoʻi mai ai ʻo Charles Stuart Rolls mai kahi hui mōʻaukala 1904 ma Midland Hotel ma Manchester me Henry Royce, ua haʻi ʻo ia i kāna hoa ʻoihana ʻo Claude Johnson ua "loaʻa iā ia ka mea hana ʻenekini nui loa ma ka honua."

Ma waho aʻe o ka lilo ʻana i mea akamai kaʻa, ʻo Royce he workaholic a me ka perfectionist ʻaʻole loa e hoʻoholo no kekahi kuʻikahi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka makemake o Royce no ka hemolele i lilo i mea hōʻailona o kēlā me kēia kaʻa i kēia lā i ka hōʻailona Rolls-Royce me ʻelua mau Rs.

Walter Chrysler

Hānau ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana o kahi ʻenekini locomotive, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Walter Percy Chrysler i kāna ʻoihana ma ka ʻoihana kaʻaahi a lilo i mea loea akamai loa. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka ʻoihana kaʻa i ka makahiki 1911 i ka manawa i hāʻawi aku ai ka pelekikena ʻo GM ʻo Charles Nash iā ia i kahi kūlana alakaʻi ma Buick, kahi āna i ʻoki akamai ai i nā kumukūʻai hana a piʻi i ke kūlana o ka pelekikena.

Ma hope mai ua hana ʻo Chrysler me kekahi mau ʻoihana ʻē aʻe a ua ʻike ʻia e koi a loaʻa i kahi uku kupaianaha a lohe ʻole ʻia he $1 miliona i ka makahiki ʻoiai e hana ana no Willys-Overland Motors. Ua loaʻa iā ia kahi manaʻo mana i ka Maxwell Motor Company i ka makahiki 1924 a ua hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Chrysler Corporation ma 1925 e hana i nā kaʻa ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, e wehe ana i ke ala e lilo ai i hoʻokahi o "Big Three" Detroit.

WO Bentley

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Walter Owen Bentley ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolālā engine prolific i kona wā ʻōpio. ʻO kāna mau piston alumini, i hoʻopili ʻia i nā mokulele mokulele Pelekane i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua I, he mea koʻikoʻi ia i loaʻa iā ia ka MBE a ua loaʻa iā ia he £8,000 (€8,900) mai ka Inventors' Award Commission.

I ka makahiki 1919, ua hoʻohana ʻo Bentley i ke kālā makana e hoʻokumu i kahi hui kaʻa o ka inoa like me ka manaʻo hoʻokahi o "Ke hana ʻana i kaʻa maikaʻi, kaʻa wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna papa." ʻO Bentleys a e mau nei nō!

Louis Chevrolet

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Louis Chevrolet kaʻa hoʻokele Swiss no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka Hui Kaʻa ʻo Chevrolet me ka mea hoʻokumu hui ʻo General Motors ʻo William Durant. Ua koho ʻia kahi keʻa Swiss i hoʻololi ʻia e like me ka hōʻailona o ka hui no ka hanohano o ka ʻāina hānau o Chevrolet.

Ua haʻalele ʻo Chevrolet i ka hui ma 1915 ma muli o kekahi mau ʻokoʻa hoʻolālā me Durant, a ua hoʻohui ʻia ka hui me General Motors ʻelua makahiki ma hope. I ka makahiki aʻe, ua hoʻokumu pū ʻo Chevrolet iā Frontenac Motor Corporation, i loaʻa ka ʻike ʻia i nā makahiki ma hope no kāna mau kaʻa heihei Fronty-Ford.

E heluhelu e aʻo e pili ana i ka mea hoʻopuka kaʻao o ke kaʻa.

Charles Kettering

ʻO Charles Franklin Kettering ke poʻo o ka noiʻi ma General Motors mai 186 a 1920. I kona manawa ma GM, ua hāʻawi nui ʻo ia i nā wahi āpau o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kūʻai aku.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Kettering i ka ʻaila anti-knock, nā hoʻoili ʻana i ka wikiwiki, nā pena kaʻa maloʻo wikiwiki, a ʻo ka mea ʻoi loa ka ʻōnaehana hoʻāla uila hoʻomaka kiʻi i hoʻopau i ka hana o ka hoʻā ʻana i ka lima a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kaʻa.

Ferdinand Porsche

ʻIke ʻia ka mea hoʻokumu ʻo Porsche AG ʻo Ferdinand Porsche no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kaʻa kiʻi nui, me ka Mercedes-Benz SSK a me ka Volkswagen Beetle kaao, ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻana o Hitler iā ia i ʻaelike e hoʻomohala i ke kaʻa kanaka (a i ʻole Volkswagen) i ka makahiki 1934.

Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kekahi o nā hui kaʻa kaulana loa o ka honua, ʻike pū ʻia ʻo Porsche i ka hana ʻana i ke kaʻa huila petrol-electric hybrid mua loa o ka honua, ʻo ka Lohner-Porsche mixed hybrid, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20.

Kiitiro Toyoda

ʻO Kiichiro Toyoda ke keiki a Sakichi Toyoda, nāna i hoʻomaka i ka ʻoihana loom ma Iapana i ka hopena o 1920s. Ua makemake nui ʻo Kiichiro i kona ʻohana e hoʻololi i ka hana kaʻa, e hoʻoholo ana e hoʻololi i ka honua o nā kaʻa mau loa!

Hana ʻia nā kaʻa Toyoda mai ka ʻohi ʻana ma Iapana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kaʻa, maʻalahi a hilinaʻi hoʻi ma mua o nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe, a ke mālama nei ka hui i kēia inoa a hiki i kēia lā. I kēia lā, ua kūʻai aku ʻo Toyota, ka mea hana kaʻa nui loa o ka honua, ma mua o 230 miliona mau kaʻa, a ʻo 44 miliona ka Corolla wale nō, mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana i ka makahiki 1937.

ʻO Soitiro Honda

Hānau ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana o ka mīkini kaʻa kaʻa, ʻo ka ʻoihana mua a Soichiro Honda, kahi hale hana piston ring, ua luku ʻia e ka pana ʻana o ke kaua a me kahi ōlaʻi weliweli. I ka makahiki 1946, ua hele mai ʻo ia me ka manaʻo maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa uila mai nā mea hana i koe mai ke Kaua Honua II. ʻO ka hoʻolālā he mea nui loa ia i hiki ʻole iā ia ke hoʻokō i ka koi.

I ka makahiki 1948, ua hui pū ʻo Honda me Takeo Fujisawa e hoʻokumu i ka Honda Motor Company, kahi āna i mālama ai i ka ʻaoʻao ʻenekinia o ka ʻoihana, ʻoiai ʻo Fujisawa i lawelawe i ke kālā, nā kaʻa kaʻa, a me nā kaʻa i ka makahiki 1963.

Inā makemake ʻoe i ka supercharging, pono ʻoe e mahalo i kēia mea hana kaʻa kaʻao!

Alfred Buchi

E like me ka ʻike ʻana o ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa, ʻike ʻia ka ʻenekini automotive Swiss ʻo Alfred Büchi i ka hana ʻana i ka turbo i ka makahiki 1905. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Büchi i kahi hoʻolālā noʻonoʻo e hoʻokomo mua i ka ea i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻenekini me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu kinetic "ʻōpala" o nā kinoea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe. mai ka hana puhi ahi.

ʻO kāna patent no "he mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko i loko o kahi compressor (turbine compressor), a reciprocating engine a me ka turbine in series" ʻaneʻane like me ia i kēia lā, ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli ma hope!

Alfred Sloan

Manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo ia ka Luna Nui koʻikoʻi loa i ka mōʻaukala o General Motors, ua hana koʻikoʻi ʻo Alfred Pritchard Sloan i ka ulu ʻana o GM mai ka makahiki 1920 a hiki i ka makahiki 1950, ma mua ma nā kūlana hoʻokele like ʻole a laila ma ke poʻo o ka hui. Ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Sloan, ʻaʻole i lilo ʻo GM i mea hana kaʻa nui loa o ka honua, akā ʻo ka ʻoihana ʻoihana nui loa o ka honua.

Ua hoʻopau ʻo Sloan i ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā hui like ʻole o GM me kahi hoʻolālā kumu kūʻai maʻalahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā brand Cadillac, Buick, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, a me Chevrolet mai ke kumu kūʻai nui a hiki i ka liʻiliʻi loa, e ʻae ana i nā mea kūʻai mai nā mana kūʻai like ʻole a me nā makemake e hoʻomau i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa GM. Ua hoʻolauna pū ʻo ia i nā mea hou i ka ʻoihana kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kaʻa kaʻa makahiki a me ka ʻōnaehana hōʻaiʻē kaʻa a mākou i ʻike a hoʻohana ai i kēia mau lā!

ʻO Enzo Ferrari

Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Enzo Ferrari i kāna ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he kaʻa heihei ma 1919 ma mua o ka hana ʻana no Alfa Romeo ma kekahi mau kūlana. Ua lilo ʻo ia i poʻo o ka māhele heihei o Alfa, kahi i hoʻokumu ai ʻo ia i ka hui heihei Scuderia Ferrari, me ka lio holo ʻana i hōʻailona.

Ua pani ʻia ʻo Scuderia Ferrari e Alfa Romeo akā ua hoʻōla hou ʻia ʻo ia e Enzo i lilo i mea kahiko loa i ola a lanakila loa i ka hui Formula One 1939 a hiki i kēia lā. Ua haʻalele ʻo Enzo iā Alfa Romeo i ka makahiki 1946 no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hui mua o Ferrari no ke kumu hoʻokahi o ke kālā i ka hui heihei Scuderia. Ma ka makahiki 12, ua hana ʻo ia i ka mua o kāna mau kaʻa moemoeā me kahi mīkini VXNUMX, a ʻo ke koena, e like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, ʻo ia ka mōʻaukala!

Henry Ford II

Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo Henry Ford II, ʻo Hank Deuce a i ʻole HF2, mai ka US Navy i ka hopena o ke Kaua Honua II e alakaʻi iā Ford ma hope o ka make ʻole ʻana o kona makuakāne, ʻo Edsel Ford, ke keiki hiapo a Henry Ford. ʻIke ʻo ia i kona nele i ka ʻike, ua ʻimi ʻo ia i kekahi o nā ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻoihana maikaʻi loa o ka manawa, me Ernest Breech o General Motors.

Lawe ʻo HF2 iā Ford i ka makahiki 1956, alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi o kāna mau kaʻa kaulana loa, a ua hoʻohuli i kahi ʻoihana ʻohana maʻi i mea pilikua kaʻa honua. Ua piʻi ka kūʻai ʻana o Ford mai $894.5 miliona i ka makahiki 1945 a i $43.5 biliona i ka makahiki 1979 i kona wā noho. Ua ho'āʻo pū ʻo ia e kūʻai i Ferrari ma kahi neʻe ʻana i alakaʻi i ka hoʻokūkū kaulana Ford-versus-Ferrari ma Le Mans.

Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Lamborghini ma ke ʻano he hui tractor. E heluhelu no ka ʻike i ke kumu i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia e hana i nā kaʻa.

Carroll Shelby

ʻO ka mea wale nō i lanakila i nā hola 24 o Le Mans ma ke ʻano he kaʻa (Aston Martin, 1959), mea hana (Cobra Daytona Coupe, 1964) a me ka luna hui (Ford GT, 1966 a me 1967), ʻo Carroll Shelby kekahi o lākou. o ka poe mana loa o ka oihana kaa.

Ua kaulana ʻo ia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka AC Cobra a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka Ford Mustang i ka hopena o 1960s. ʻO kēlā me kēia kaʻa a kēia kanaka i kūkulu ai, i hoʻolālā ʻia, a i hoʻopā ʻia paha i kēia manawa he mea ʻohi kālā i nā miliona. I ka makahiki 1966, ua kōkua ʻo Shelby iā Ford i ka lanakila nui ma luna o Ferrari ma Le Mans i ka wā i hele pū ai kahi ʻekolu o GT40 MK II i ka laina hoʻopau i kahi manawa mōʻaukala maoli!

Ferruccio Lamborghini

Hānau ʻia i kahi mea kanu kumu waina ʻItalia, ua hoʻomaka nā mākau mechanical o Ferruccio Lamborghini i kahi ʻoihana tractor maikaʻi ma 1948 a me kahi hale hana puhi ʻaila ma 1959. ʻEhā mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia iā Automobili Lamborghini.

Wahi a ka moʻolelo, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Lamborghini e komo i ka ʻoihana kaʻa ma hope o kona hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka mea hoʻokumu ʻo Enzo Ferrari e pili ana i kāna Ferrari, nāna i puhi mau i kāna paʻa. Ua haʻi ʻo Enzo iā Lamborghini ʻaʻole pono ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o kahi "tractor mechanic" a ʻo ke koena ka mōʻaukala!

chung ju yung

Hānau ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana mahiʻai Korea i ka ʻilihune loa, ua lilo ʻo Chung Ju Jung i kanaka waiwai loa ma South Korea. Ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana i nā mea he nui, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Chang i kahi ʻoihana hoʻoponopono kaʻa i ka makahiki 1940 ma o ka hōʻaiʻē ʻana i 3,000 lanakila mai kahi hoaaloha. Ua holomua kēia ʻoihana, akā ua pani ʻia e ke aupuni colonial Iapana.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o Korea, ua hoʻāʻo hou ʻo Chang i ka ʻoihana a hoʻokumu ʻo Hyundai ma ke ʻano he hale kūkulu hale. Ua ola ʻo ia i ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o South Korea, a ua lilo koke ia i hui hui e hana ana i nā mea āpau mai nā nila a i nā moku. Ua hoʻohui ʻo Hyundai i ka hana kaʻa i kāna kōpili ma 1967 a i kēia lā ʻo ia ke kolu o ka mea hana kaʻa nui loa ma ka honua.

John DeLorean

Ua noho koʻikoʻi ka ʻenekini kaʻa ʻAmelika ʻo John DeLorean i ka ʻoihana kaʻa no nā makahiki. Ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ia no kāna hana ma General Motors, ua noho ʻo ia ma ke poʻo ʻōpio ʻōpio ʻo GM ma mua o kona haʻalele ʻana e loaʻa ka DeLorean Motor Company.

ʻIke ʻia ʻo DeLorean no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kekahi mau kaʻa kaʻa me ka Pontiac GTO, Pontiac Firebird, Pontiac Grand Prix a me Chevrolet Cosworth Vega. Eia naʻe, ʻo kāna kaʻa kaulana loa ʻo ia ka kaʻa haʻuki DMC DeLorean i make i ka 1985 blockbuster Back to the Future.

ʻO kēia CEO kaʻa kaulana "hoʻopau i hoʻokahi manakia i ka lā" e hana i nā mea!

Sergio Marchionne

Ua alakaʻi ʻo Sergio Marchionne i ka hoʻololi kupaianaha a wikiwiki loa o Fiat, huki iā Chrysler i ka ʻaoʻao o ka hāʻule ʻana a hoʻonohonoho i ka hui ʻana o nā hui ʻelua i kekahi o nā mea hana kaʻa nui loa a loaʻa ka waiwai ma ka honua.

I ka wā i koho ʻia ai ʻo Marchionne i Luna Nui o Fiat i ka makahiki 2004, ua pilikia ka hui. Hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo "kekahi o nā alakaʻi ʻoihana wiwo ʻole" i ka mōʻaukala i hala iho nei, ʻo kāna ʻano hoʻokele blunt, hakakā akā kūleʻa nui i hiki iā ia ke "ahi i hoʻokahi luna i ka lā" ʻoiai ma Fiat. He alakaʻi koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole i kānalua i ka hoʻohewa ʻana i kāna mau huahana, ua noho ʻo Marchionne i kekahi o nā alakaʻi kaulana a koʻikoʻi o ka ʻoihana a hiki i kona make ʻana i ka makahiki 2018.

Alan Mulally

Ua hoʻololi ʻo Ford Motor Company ʻo Alan Mulally i ka pelekikena mua a me ka Luna Nui o Ford mai kahi mea hana kaʻa nalowale kālā i hakakā i ka hopena o 2000s i kekahi o nā mea hana kaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka honua me nā ʻāpana kālā he nui i ka lālani.

He luna kiʻekiʻe ma Boeing, ʻo Mulally i hōʻoia ʻia no kāna hoʻolālā "One Ford", kahi i hana ai ʻo Ford i nā hiʻohiʻona hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa me kekahi mau hoʻololi. Ua lanakila nui ka hoʻolālā, a ua loaʻa hou iā Ford kona kūlana nalowale. ʻO ia wale nō ka mea hana kaʻa nui ʻAmelika e pale aku i nā bailouts aupuni mai ka 2008 recession.

ʻO Giorgetto Giugiaro

Ua manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo ia ka mea hoʻolālā kaʻa koʻikoʻi loa o ke kenekulia 20, ua hana ʻo Giorgetto Giugiaro i nā kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a kupaianaha, no ka mea kokoke i kēlā me kēia brand automotive nui ma ka honua.

ʻO kā Giugiaro puʻupuʻu koʻikoʻi he mau haneli o nā kaʻa me ka Bugatti EB112, Subaru SVX, DeLorean DMC 12, Alfa Romeo Alfasud, Lotus Esprit, Volkswagen Golf a me Scirocco. Ma muli o kona mana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolālā automotive hou, ua kapa ʻia ka stylist Italia ʻo "Designer of the Century" e ka jure o nā mea nūpepa 120 ma 1999.

Mary Barra

Ua hui pū ʻo Mary Teresa Barra me General Motors i ka makahiki 1980 i ka makahiki 18 e uku i kāna hoʻonaʻauao kulanui. Mai ka nānā ʻana i nā hood a me nā panela fender a i ka hana ʻana i nā hana ʻenekinia a me nā kuleana hoʻokele, ua piʻi mau ʻo ia ma nā kūlana a lilo i Luna Nui ma 2014. ua puka mai ka hui mai kahi pilikia i ʻike ʻole ʻia.

ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i ka hui hoʻokele maikaʻi loa i loaʻa iā GM, ua hana ʻo Barra i kekahi mau hoʻoholo wiwo ʻole, me ka haʻalele ʻana iā Rūsia a hoʻololi i nā kaʻa kaʻa ponoʻī a me nā kaʻa uila. ʻO ia ka Luna Nui wahine mua o kahi mea hana kaʻa nui, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia e nā poʻe he nui ka lua o ka CEO ikaika loa ma ka mōʻaukala GM ma hope o ke alakaʻi kiʻekiʻe o ke kenekulia waena o Alfred Sloane.

Aʻe aʻe: ʻO kēia CEO automotive iconic ma hope o ke ala hou ʻana o nā hōʻailona maʻi he nui.

Carlos Tavares

Ua kōkua ʻo Carlos Tavares i ka moʻolelo kahiko, i kēia manawa ua hoʻohilahila ʻia ka luna Nissan kahiko ʻo Carlos Ghosn e lawe i ka hōʻailona mai kahi kokoke i ka panakalupa i kekahi o nā mea hana kaʻa nui loa, a hoʻokani i kahi hana kūikawā i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kona alo ma ʻAmelika. A laila ua hoʻihoʻi ʻo ia i ka Peugeot SA Group i ka loaʻa kālā ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki o ka nalowale, me ka hoʻāla hou ʻana o ka brand Opel.

ʻOiai ke poʻo nei i ka PSA, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Tavares e kamaʻilio e hoʻohui i ka hui me Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, e alakaʻi ana i ka hana ʻana o Stellantis i 2021. Ma ke ʻano he Luna Nui o ka hui kaʻa nui ʻehā o ka honua, nona ka Alfa Romeo, Citroën, Chrysler, Dodge, Fiat, Jeep. , Ram, Peugeot, Maserati a me Vauxhall ma waena o nā hōʻailona'ē aʻe,ʻo Tavares kekahi o nā kānaka koʻikoʻi i kaʻoihana kaʻa i kēia mau lā.

Akio Toyoda

ʻO ka moʻopuna a Toyota ka mea hoʻokumu ʻo Kiichiro Toyoda, ʻo Akio Toyoda, ka pelekikena o Toyota Motor Corporation i kēia manawa. Ua alakaʻi kaulana ʻo Akio iā Toyota ma hope o ke kaʻe ʻana o ka makahiki 2008, ke ōlaʻi a me ke kai eʻe i ka makahiki 2011, a me ka hoʻoweliweli hou aku o COVID-19, e ʻoi aku ka waiwai ma mua o ka wā ma mua.

ʻOiai ua hoʻomaka mua ʻo Toyota i nā kaʻa uila hybrid mau makahiki ma mua o ka lawe ʻana o Akio, ʻo ia ke kuleana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hui i nā kaʻa uila a hiki i nā pae kiʻekiʻe. I kēia lā, kūʻai aku ʻo Toyota ma mua o 40 mau hiʻohiʻona kaʻa hybrid ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, a hoʻolālā ʻo Akio e hoʻolilo i nā piliona kālā i nā kaʻa uila uila e hoʻokūkū me Tesla a me nā mea hoʻokūkū honua ʻē aʻe.

Luke Donkerwolke

Ua kapa ʻia ʻo 2022 Automotive Person of the Year, ʻo Luke Donckerwolke ka Luna Hoʻolālā Nui o Hyundai Motor Group. Ma kahi ʻoihana stellar i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻekolu mau makahiki, ua alakaʻi mua ka mea hoʻolālā automotive Belgian i nā māhele hoʻolālā o nā hōʻailona hanohano he nui e like me Lamborghini, Bentley, Audi, Skoda a me Seat.

ʻOiai ma HMG, ʻo Donkerwolke ke kuleana no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ala i luna o nā hōʻailona Hyundai a me Kia, ka hoʻolauna ʻana i ka brand luxury Genesis a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona hou e like me Kia EV6, Genesis GV60 a me Hyundai Ioniq 5.

Make ʻo Herbert

ʻO ka Luna Nui o Volkswagen Group Herbert Diess he mea kōkua i ka alakaʻi ʻana i ka hui mai ka hewa Dieselgate kaulana i ka makahiki 2015, ka mea i ʻike iā Volkswagen i nalowale $30 biliona i nā uku, nā uku a me nā uku ma hope o ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana i kāna mau kaʻa diesel.

Ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo Diess no ka hoʻoikaika nui ʻana o ka VW e electrified i kāna kōpili. Ma ke ʻano he poʻo o kekahi o nā mea hana kaʻa nui ʻelua o ka honua, me nā hōʻailona hanohano e like me Porsche, Bentley, Lamborghini, Audi a me Skoda ma lalo o kāna malu, ua hoʻohana ʻo Diess i ka mana nui i ka ʻoihana kaʻa.

Aʻe: Hiki i kēia mea hana kaʻa hou ke hāʻawi iā Tesla i kahi manawa paʻakikī.

R. J. Scaringe

ʻO Robert Joseph Scaringe ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Rivian Automotive, ka mea e manaʻo nei e hoʻololi i ka ʻoihana kaʻa me kāna mau SUV uila ikaika loa, SUV a me nā kaʻa pickup, a me nā kaʻa hoʻouna futuristic.

E hoʻomaka ana mai ka ʻōpala, ua hoʻokō ʻo Scaringe i ke kākoʻo o nā kanaka nunui, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Cox a me Amazon, ʻoiai ua kauoha ʻo Jeff Bezos i 100,000 mau moku lawe uila. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo Rivian i Nowemapa 2021 a ua waiwai ʻia ʻo ia he $105 biliona nui i loko o ʻelua mau lā. ʻO kēia ka 50 mau manawa ma mua o Tesla hoʻokūkū i nā lā mua ʻelua o kāna IPO ma 2010.

Ratan Naval Tata

ʻO ka luna hoʻomalu o ka hui ʻoihana India ʻo Tata Group mai 1990 a i 2012, ʻo Ratan Nawal Tata ke kanaka ke kuleana no ka hoʻohuli ʻana iā Tata Motors e pili ana i India, kahi ʻāpana o ka hui, i loko o ke kaʻa kaʻa nui honua ma o ka loaʻa ʻana o Jaguar Cars a me Land Rover mai Ford ma. 2008.

Ua hana ʻo Ratan Tata i nā poʻomanaʻo i ka wā i hoʻokuʻu ai ʻo ia i ke kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa India a pau i ka makahiki 1998 a laila hou i ka makahiki 2008 i ka wā i hana ai ʻo ia i ke kaʻa kūʻai loa ma ka honua, ʻo Tata Nano, ma ke kumu kūʻai hale hana he $1,300 wale nō.

ʻO Christian von Koenigsegg

ʻO Christian von Koenigsegg, Luna Nui o ka mea hana kaʻa kaʻa ʻo Koenigsegg, he mea ʻike makaʻala e paʻa ana i nā patent he nui i kona inoa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka Freevalve valve, ka mea e hōʻemi nui i ke kaumaha a me ka nui o nā ʻenekini me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ko lākou pono.

Ua hana ʻo Koenigsegg Automotive AB i nā poʻomanaʻo i nā manawa he nui, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka wā i hoʻokumu ai kāna hypercar Agera RS i kahi moʻolelo wikiwiki honua o 285 mph. I ka wā i wāwahi ai ʻo Bugatti i kēlā moʻolelo, ua pane ʻo Christian i ka hoʻokūkū me kahi hana kupanaha ʻo Jesko Absolut e ʻeha ana i ka lewa ma kahi akua 330 mph.

Elon Musk

ʻAʻole ʻo Tesla CEO ʻo Elon Musk wale nō ka mea waiwai loa ma ka honua, akā ʻo ka mea ikaika loa i ka ʻoihana kaʻa i kēia lā. Me kahi mākeke mākeke i hōʻea i $ 1.23 trillion i Nowemapa 2021, noho mau ʻo Tesla i ka mea hana kaʻa waiwai nui loa ma ka honua - mamao loa, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea hoʻokūkū.

ʻAʻole i hana ʻo Musk i nā kaʻa uila a i ʻole hana ʻo Tesla, akā e hoʻomanaʻo mau ʻia ʻo ia ke kanaka nāna i hoʻoulu a alakaʻi i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa i nā kaʻa uila. Ma ka hōʻoia ʻana i hiki i nā kaʻa uila ke hilinaʻi, nani a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo ia i ka huila, hoʻonohonoho i ka ʻoihana i kekahi mau makahiki ma mua a koi aku i kēlā me kēia mea hana kaʻa e hoʻololi koke a haʻalele paha i ka pāʻani mau loa!