ʻO ka moʻolelo o nā kaʻa uila
Ua ʻike ʻia ke kaʻa uila mua ma kahi o 1830 ( 1832-1839 ). ʻO ka mea mua i hana i ke kaʻa uila he kanaka kālepa Scottish Robert Anderson ... Akā, he kaʻa uila.
Ma kahi kokoke i 1835 makahiki ʻAmelika Thomas Davenport kūkulu ʻia kahi locomotive uila liʻiliʻi. Ma kahi kokoke i 1838 makahiki ua puka mai he Sekotia Robert Davidson me kahi hiʻohiʻona like e hiki ke piʻi i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 6 km / h. ʻAʻole i hoʻohana nā mea hana ʻelua i kahi pākaukau rechargeable.
В 1859 Palani Gaston Plante Ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka pākaukau kepau kepau. E hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia Camille Fore в 1881 makahiki .
Ma kēia kiʻi 1884 makahiki a kakou e ike nei Thomas Parker, e noho ana ma ke kaʻa uila i hiki ke lilo i ka mua ma ka honua. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke kiʻi i ka lehulehu ma ʻApelila 2009 e kāna moʻopuna ʻo Graham Parker.
В 1891 makahiki ʻAmelika William Morrison hana i ke kaʻa uila maoli mua (e nānā i ke kiʻi).
В 1896 makahiki ua lanakila ʻo Riker uila ʻo Andrew Riker i ka heihei kaʻa.
В 1897 makahiki hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā kaʻa kaʻa uila mua ma nā alanui o New York.
В 1899 makahiki i ka hui Pelekiuma Ka Hauoli ole hana i ke kaʻa uila mua, hiki e hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 100 km / h (hiki iā 105 km / h). Ua hoʻokele ʻia ke kaʻa e Belgian Camilla Jenatzi a hoʻokomo ʻia me nā kaʻa Michelin. Ua like kona ʻano me ka torpedo.
С 1900 Ua loaʻa i nā EV ko lākou lā kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ma mua o ka hapakolu o nā kaʻa e holo nei he uila, ʻo ke koena he petrol a me ka mahu.http://www.youtube.com/embed/UnyoTDJttgs
В 1902 makahiki Hiki i ka Wood's Phaeton ke holo i 29 mau kilomita ma ka wikiwiki o 22,5 km / h a he $2000 ke kumu kūʻai.
В 1912 makahiki hana ʻana nā kaʻa uila i hōʻea piko ... Akā ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona o ka Ford Model T i ka makahiki 1908 e hoʻomaka e ʻike ʻia.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Anderson Electric Car Company i kāna kumu hoʻohālike ma 1918 makahiki ma Detroit.
В 1920 i nā makahiki i alakaʻi ʻia ai kekahi mau kumu emi iho nā kaʻa uila. Hiki iā mākou ke kuhikuhi i kā lākou haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, lohi ka wikiwiki, nele i ka mana, loaʻa ka aila, a ʻo kā lākou kumukūʻai ʻelua ʻelua ma mua o nā Fords.
В 1966 makahiki, ua paipai ka US Congress i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kaʻa uila e hōʻemi i ka pollution ea. Kākoʻo nui ka manaʻo o ʻAmelika i kēia, a me ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai ʻaila ma 1973 makahiki (ʻo ka hoʻopūhoihoi ʻaila mua: ʻo OPEC embargo e kūʻē iā ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa) loaʻa ka manawa. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻopau maoli.
В 1972 makahiki ʻo Victor Vuk, ka makua kāne o ke kaʻa hybrid, i kūkulu i ka mua kaʻa hoʻohenehene ʻO Buick Skylark na General Motors (GM).
В 1974 Ua wehe ʻia ka Vanguard-Sebring CitiCar, e like me ke kaʻa kolepa uila (e nānā i ke kiʻi), ma ka Electric Vehicle Symposium ma Wakinekona DC. Hiki iā ia ke holo i 40 mau mile ma ka wikiwiki o 48 km / h. I ka makahiki 1975, ʻo ka hui ke ono o ka mea hana ʻAmelika, akā ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki ua hoʻopau ʻia.
В 1976 makahiki, ua hala ka US Congress i ka noiʻi, hoʻomohala a hōʻikeʻike i nā kaʻa uila a me nā kaʻa hybrid ... ʻo ia ka manaʻo e hoʻolaha i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou no nā pākahi, nā kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana hybrid.
В 1988 Ua hoʻokumu ʻo GM Pelekikena Roger Smith i kahi kālā noiʻi e hoʻomohala i kahi kaʻa uila hou, e lilo i EV 1.
В 1990 Ua koho ka moku'āina o Kaleponi i ka Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV), kahi hoʻolālā e ʻōlelo ana he 2% o nā kaʻa e loaʻa ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka makahiki 1998 (a laila 10% o kēlā ma 2003). I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua wehe ka Luna Nui o GM i kāna manaʻo noho ʻelua " Ka hopena »Ma ka hōʻike kaʻa ʻo Los Angeles.
Ma waena o 1996 a me 1998 E hana ʻo GM i 1117 Nā kaʻa uila EV1 , 800 o ia mea e hoolimalima me ka aelike ekolu makahiki.
В 1997 makahiki i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Toyota Prius , ka kaʻa hybrid mua e komo i ka hana series. I ka makahiki mua, e kūʻai ʻia ana nā kope 18 ma Iapana.
1997 a 2000 Nui nā mea hana i hoʻokuʻu i nā hiʻohiʻona uila hybrid: ka Honda EV Plus, GM EV1, ka Ford Ranger EV pickup, ka Nissan Altra EV, ka Chevy S-10 EV a me ka Toyota RAV4 EV, akā mai ka makahiki 2000 e make hou ke kaʻa uila.
В 2002 Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo GM lāua ʻo DaimlerChrysler i ka California Air Resources Board (CARB) e hoʻopau i ke kānāwai 1990 Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV). Ua hui pū ʻia lākou e ka Pelekikena ʻAmelika ʻo George W. Bush.
I ka makahiki 2003 ma Farani Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Renault e hana i kāna kaʻa ʻo Kangoo Elect'road hybrid, akā ua hoʻōki ka hana ʻana ma hope o 500 mau kaʻa.
В 2003-2004 makahiki ʻo kēia ka hopena o EV1. E hoʻihoʻi hou ʻo GM i nā kaʻa a pau e luku iā lākou ʻoiai he nui nā kūʻē.
В 2006 makahiki ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Chris Payne i kahi palapala i kapa ʻia ʻo " Na wai i pepehi i ke kaʻa uila?" nāna e nānā i ka piʻi ʻana a me ka make ʻana o nā kaʻa uila i ka hopena o 90s. Hoʻopili ia i ke kumu hoʻohālike GM EV1.
I ka makahiki like ʻO Tesla Motors no ka manawa mua ua hoʻolauna ʻo Roadster uila.
В 2007 aia he 100 mau kaʻa uila e holo nei ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
С 2008 to 2010 ʻO ka mea hana kaʻa Kaleponi ʻo Tesla Motors Inc. hana mai i kāna kaʻa haʻuki uila ʻO Tesla Roadster .
В 2009 Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Mitsubishi Motors i ka i-Miev ma Iapana. Ma ka launa pū ʻana me ka mea hana Iapana PSA, ua hoʻolauna ʻo Peugeot Citroën i nā hoahānau ʻEulopa ʻo Miev, Peugeot ion (2009) i ʻO Citroën C-Zero (2010).
I Malaki o ia makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Vincent Bollore i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi hoʻolimalima kaʻa i kēlā me kēia mahina no 2010. Kaʻa ʻulaʻula Pininfarina no 330 euros.
В 2009 Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Renault i kāna kaʻa uila mua ʻO Fluence Z.E. ma muli o Renault Mégane III. Hoʻohālike i ukali ʻia e Twizy (2011), Kangoo ZE (2011) a me Zoe (2012).
2010 makahiki Ua hōʻailona ʻia ka hānau ʻana o ka pae uila, ʻo Nissan Leaf, ʻo ia ka mea e lilo i kaʻa uila kūʻai maikaʻi loa ma ka honua no nā makahiki he ʻumi.
В 2012 makahiki Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Tesla kumu hoʻohālike S kaʻa haʻuki. A laila e hahai ka SUV Anaʻo X (2015) a me ka sedan ʻohana Hō'oia 3 (2017).
