'Opala RR-07

Hoʻi mākou i nā hiʻohiʻona regatta i loko. Ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka moku holo moku ʻehiku ma "In the Workshop", i kēia manawa e hele mākou i kahi huakaʻi huakaʻi i ke Aupuni Lani e aʻo ai e pili ana i nā hoʻokō hoihoi o nā ʻenehana kahiko o ka Mōʻī!

1. Zheng He (heluhelu: Cheng He), a i ʻole Adimarala o ke Kai Komohana (1377-1433) - ka luna o nā huakaʻi nui ʻehiku o nā ʻauwaʻa nui Kina.

I kēia lā, nui nā hoa aloha, e makemake ana e hōʻike i ka hoʻowahāwahā i kekahi mea mediocre a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana, e ʻōlelo ʻo "Chinese" ...

ʻO ka mua ʻAʻole pono e hoʻokolokolo i ka chambula.

Piha aku: ʻO ka poʻe kūʻai komohana maʻamau e hoʻoikaika i ka mālama kālā.

Ekolu: I kēia lā, hana ʻo Kina i ka nui o nā huahana branded no nā ʻoihana nui loa o ka honua (me nā mea kaulana no nā ʻenehana hou loa).

ʻEhā: Pēlā nō, ua kamaʻilio ka poʻe ʻAmelika i nā makahiki i hala aku nei e pili ana i nā waiwai Iapana, akā ua loli lōʻihi ia. A ke loli nei ʻo Kina.

Ka lima: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hana Kina kahiko ma mua o ko mākou manaʻo ma mua o ko mākou mau kūpuna i ka ʻenehana i nā kenekulia, a ʻoi aku ka nui!

Nā mea hana a Prachin

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hana ʻana o nā mea hana imperial he lehu, siliki, porcelain a i ʻole, ʻo ka hapa nui paha o mākou i hoʻopā i ko mākou mau pepeiao i kahi wahi, akā ʻo kēia wale nō ka piko o ka hau hau o nā ʻike a me nā mea i ʻike ʻia e nā mea hana kahiko ke Aupuni Waena. E lawe kakou i kekahi mau mea mai kahakai.

3000 BC - malu,

2737 – kī

2500 – ka lā,

2200 – turnstile,

2200 - prototype parachute,

2000 - ka ʻōpala,

2000 – ice cream,

2000 - makaroni,

1600 – peʻahi,

1000 - ʻaila ʻaila, kumu māmā i nā kukui,

200 - huila huila (ma ʻaneʻi ʻehiku haneli mau makahiki ma hope),

ʻO ke kenekulia XNUMX BC - mea kanu lāʻau nui,

300 AD - nā kāleka ʻoihana,

600 - kālā pepa,

724 – wati mīkini,

868 – nā puke paʻi (ʻoki lāʻau),

940 - nā lens,

1041 – nā kikokikona hoʻoneʻe,

1240 - helu,

ʻO ke kenekulia XNUMX - pepa toilet,

Keneturi XNUMX - pulupulu niho.

2. Hāʻawi ka hiʻohiʻona baochuan (ka waihona waiwai moana nui) i ka manaʻo o ko lākou nui e like me ia (e nānā i nā māla deck).

ʻO ka Navy Imperial o Adimarala Zheng He

Ma ke kahua hoʻi o ka hana moku a me ka huakaʻi, ua ʻoi aku ka poʻe Pake ma mua o ka ʻĀina Kahiko. Aia i ka makahiki 486 BC. ua hoʻohana lākou i nā ala moku. I ka 100st century AD, ua akamai lākou i ka ʻauʻau kūʻē i ka makani. Ma 750 ua hoʻohana lākou i ka panana mua. I ka makahiki 984, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā hoeuli hope ma nā moku. I ka makahiki XNUMX, ua lanakila lākou i nā loli kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā laka canals-chamber.

3. Inā ho'onoho 'ia ka Columbus ma mua ma mua o ka moku Kina, 'o ia ka like 'ana - 'oi aku ka pōkole ma mua o ko Adimarala Zheng moku.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā huakaʻi o nā ʻauwaʻa nui Kina, i hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 1405, aia ma mua o 250 mau moku a kokoke i 28 tausani moku. kanaka (ʻo ia ka 1 tausani ma ka moku waihona waiwai nui loa).

4. Ma kēia ʻāpana o ka honua, ʻehiku mau huakaʻi o nā ʻauwaʻa nui Kina i kākau ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea hiki a me nā kuhi hewa ʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia no kona ala i ʻAmelika - ma mua o Columbus ...

Ua hoʻouna ka Emepera iā ia i nā wai o ka Moana Inia, i ke kowa o Arabia a i ʻApelika Hikina. Yunle (ʻo ke kolu o ke aliʻi o ka Ming Dynasty) - e hōʻike i ka mana a me ka nani o ka Celestial Empire (4).

5. ʻEono haneli mau makahiki ma hope o ka huakaʻi nui mua, ua hoʻohanohano ka poʻe Kina i ko lākou admiral (ʻoiai ʻo Mongolian ma ka hānau ʻana) me kahi moku pahu i kapa ʻia ma hope ona - malia paha ʻo ia e hoʻouna ana i nā ukana Kalikimaka i kauoha ʻia ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka honua ...?

ʻO ka nui o nā moku o ka mōʻī (2) - ʻeiwa mau kia baochuan (nā moku waihona kālā) - he iwakālua mau manawa ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kaʻa kaʻa moana mua i kūkulu ʻia i kēlā manawa ma ʻEulopa, me ka neʻe ʻana o 100 tons a ʻelima mau manawa lōʻihi ma mua o ka mokuahi o Christopher Columbus, Santa Maria (3). ʻO ka nui o lākou i helu ʻia ma mua o 3 tausani kānaka. nā tona o ka neʻe ʻana (e pili ana i kahi frigate hakakā hou) a me nā puʻupuʻu / ʻāpana wai, i ʻike ʻia ma ʻEulopa i ke kenekulia XNUMX wale nō.

6. ʻOiai ua kanu ʻia kahi ʻauwaʻa nui, ua ola nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolālā kumu a hiki i kēia lā. Hōʻike maopopo kēia kiʻi i ka ʻāpana o nā peʻa - ua hana mua ʻia lākou mai nā moena ʻohe i ulana ʻia!

Ua hāʻawi ka Emperor i ke kauoha o nā'auwaʻa nui i kāna kauā hoʻolaʻa (1) - akamai, nui (ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau mika) a me ka charismatic. Zheng He (heluhelu: Cheng He). ʻO ka hana nui o kēia armada, ʻaʻole ia he kaua (ʻoiai ua mākaukau maikaʻi ia no ia mea), akā, ʻo ka manaʻo maopopo o nā aliʻi o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ʻaʻohe kumu o ke komo ʻana i ka hakakā me Kina a he mea pono ke waiho ʻia. iā lākou - no ka laʻana, e hoʻomohala i ke kālepa.

7. ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana a me nā waiwai kūikawā e hana i ka 2 tausani. mau makahiki ma hope o ka hana ʻia ʻana o nā peʻa Kina, hoʻohana ʻia lākou ma nā moku moku hou.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia nā huakaʻi nui ʻehiku a ka Adimarala i ka mana o Kina ma nā kai hikina. ʻO nā paio me nā Mongols ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kālā āpau no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pā Nui i alakaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope o ka make ʻana o Zheng He i ka makahiki 1433, hāʻule ka ʻauwaʻa nui. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua pāpā nā aliʻi hope i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā moku me nā kia ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Kina iā ia iho mai ke koena o ka honua no nā kenekulia he nui.

8. Hoʻoulu ʻia nā mea hana moku Kina i nā mea hoʻolālā o nā moku mokuʻāina (Malta Falcon kiʻi).

Junks - moku ʻēheu

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻole i nalowale loa ka ʻike moana nui, ʻaʻole naʻe i haʻalele ʻia ma kapa o ka muliwai Yellow River. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kēia i nā poʻe hana moku Kina, ka mea, ma hope o ka pani ʻana o ko lākou mau hale moku maoli, ua neʻe aku i nā ʻāina kokoke e hoʻomau i kā lākou ʻoihana ma laila. A hiki i kēia lā, holo nā moku me nā peʻa ʻano ma ka Hikina Hikina (6, 7). ʻO nā junks maʻamau - no ka mea ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana iā lākou i kēia manawa - loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa e hoʻokaʻawale loa iā lākou mai nā waʻa holo ʻē aʻe o ka honua.

• nuku nuku, ʻo ka huʻi maʻamau i ʻōpiʻi me ka ʻole o ke kile (keel), akā me ka hoe hoʻoheheʻe ʻole (10) a me nā "maka" ma ka wēlau mua o nā ʻaoʻao;
• swivel matt bamboo pea (ʻulaʻula i loko o nā ʻauwaʻa nui), hohola ʻia ma waena o nā iwi ʻaoʻao (ribs), hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia mai lalo mai (mai nā kiʻi "pi" kūikawā ma ka papa) no ka hoʻololi kūpono i ko lākou ʻili (grooving).

9. No ka poʻe makemake e hoʻolako i ke kumu hoʻohālike PP-07 me nā mea hoʻohālike, paipai mākou i kēia kiʻi - e hōʻike maopopo ana i nā winches i huki i nā peʻa, a me nā kiʻi i kau ʻia ai nā peʻa i pelu ʻia.

10. Ua noi nā mea hoʻolālā Kina

hoʻolele hānai puka. Hiki iā ʻoe

Manaʻo wau no ke koʻi

ʻo ka huli ma mua,

ua ho'ēmi nā puka i ka ikaika i makemakeʻia

e hoohuli i ka huila

hiki iā lākou ke uhaki i ke kahe

laminar, hoʻonui pono

nā peʻa me ka liʻiliʻi

ka māmā holo (like

nā ʻēheu hoʻohālike

nā mea lele).

Hoʻohana mau ʻia kēia mau ʻano hoʻonā ʻaʻole wale ma ka Hikina Hikina (ʻoiai ua lanakila lākou ma laila). He kumu hoʻoikaika lākou no nā hoʻolālā hou e like me ka Maltese Falkon (8). 

Ke Ana Hoʻohālike RR-07: ʻAhiʻi

E like me kāu e ʻike ai ma ka pukana ponoʻī, ʻo ka hale a mākou e hana nei ʻo ka hiku o kēia papa hanohano no nā poʻe kai. I kēia manawa, paʻi ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia papa ma kā mākou ʻoihana:

• waʻa moku maʻamau ("MT" 5/2011);
• galeona (MT 6/2012);
• (MT 5/2013);
• tratwę (Kon-Tiki-“MT” 8/2008);
• (MT 5/2014);
• Polynesian proa (“MT” 4/2019).

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kumumanaʻo o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ma nā waihona waihona o kā mākou mahina (ma kahi o ia ma ka pūnaewele o nā ʻenehana ʻōpio) a ma MODELmaniak. PL a me Facebook profile "Regaty Rynnowe".

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona PP-07, no kāna kumu i manaʻo ʻia, he ʻano maʻalahi loa ia o ka mea kumu - loaʻa pū kekahi ballast stabilizer, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka junk maoli.

ʻO nā mea nui no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi moku moku liʻiliʻi (12):

• XPS foam a i ʻole like (hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻohālike mai ka ʻili a i ʻole ka balsa);
• nā lāʻau ʻohe me ke anawaena o 3 mm;
• kiʻiʻoniʻoni plastik no nā peʻa (no ka laʻana, mai nā uhi waihona);
• ke kila kila 1,5-2 mm no ka ballast keel;
• 0,3mm ka pā (e like me ka soda) a i ʻole 0,5mm plastic (e like me ke kāleka hōʻaiʻē kahiko) no ka huila. Pono pū mākou:
• polymer glue (no ka pahu);
• pena acrylic wai;
• ʻO nā mea pono ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻolālā (e laʻa, kū);
• pahi pepa kiʻi pepa, ʻāpana pepa, penikala, lula, etc.

11. ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi, ʻo ia ka non-parallelism, nā koʻi ʻokoʻa o nā kia ma nā junks.

Pono nō hoʻi e heluhelu:

http://bit.ly/34BTvcJ — wynalazki z Chin

http://bit.ly/2OZ1om0 — statki chińskie (4 strony)

http://bit.ly/2sAMZoH — Zheng He

Kapili pae

ʻO ke ala maʻalahi loa e paʻi (kope) i nā kaha kiʻi o nā mea hoʻohālike i ka pae i hoʻopaʻa ʻia - ʻo ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia ma aneʻi e pono kumu a paʻi paha i ka faila PDF. Ma ke kumu, ua ʻoki ʻia ka ʻāpana nui o ka hull (2) mai kahi papa styrodur mānoanoa 13 cm, a laila ʻoki ʻia ke kakaka a me nā laka hope mai kahi papa 1 cm.

12. Nā mea kumu a me nā mea hana no ka hanaʻana i kā mākou kumu hoʻohālike.

13. ʻO nā mea a pau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻoki i nā ʻāpana kino he pahi pepa kiʻi a me kekahi pōhaku abrasive medium-grit. Nānā! Hiki ke maʻalahi i nā niho - me ka manamana lima!

Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia kekahi mau mea - kahi pahu abrasive (a i ʻole sponge) me ka gradation ma kahi o 200 ka mea kūpono no kēia. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea huʻihuʻi (14), e ʻoki i ka huila a me ka hulu ballast mai ka pepa. I mea e hoʻokomo ai iā lākou i loko o ka fuselage, e ʻoki i nā ʻāpana pili i kona lalo (ma ka axis longitudinal) me kahi pahi.

14. Aneane mākaukau ka hull glued a me ke one no ka pena - ʻoiaʻiʻo, i kēia manawa ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻili.

15. No ka pena kiʻi, maikaʻi ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōniʻoniʻo (palapala wale nō ma nā kihi) a me ka pena wai wai (ʻoiai ka wai).

Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o kēia mau ʻāpana, hiki ke pena ʻia ke kino (15). ʻO ke kaha kiʻi pālākiō 1:1 e kōkua pū i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā peʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoki iā lākou me ka pahi a ʻoki paha - pono ʻole e hoʻoneʻe i ka template (16). Ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka pepa, pono ʻoe e kulou i nā laina e hōʻike ana i ka rake ʻohe (17). Mahalo iā lākou, ʻo nā peʻa pū kekahi i waho - pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ko lākou hele ʻana ma ke ala pololei.

16. ʻOki maʻalahi nā peʻa me nā laʻana.

17. ʻO ka wīwī ʻana i ka pepa (kahi i waiho ʻia ai nā lāʻau ʻohe mua) e hoʻokokoke ai nā peʻa i ka hoʻolālā.

Hiki ke ʻoki ʻia nā puka no nā masts me kahi punch hole 3 mm a i ʻole ka pahi me nā peʻa "x" (e like me ka mea i hana ʻia ma nā moku like ma ʻAmelika).

Pono e ʻoki ʻia nā skewers ʻohe i ka lōʻihi i makemake ʻia, e hoʻopili ʻia me nā peʻa (ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi - e hoʻopilikia lākou i nā heihei) a hoʻopili ʻia i nā wahi kūpono ma nā papa (18).

18. Pono e ʻoki maikaʻi ʻia nā kia ʻohe Pākē a puni ke anapuni a nahā. Ma hope o ka poni ʻia, hoʻopili ʻia lākou i ka papa me nā peʻa i hoʻopili ʻia iā lākou.

19. Hoʻohālike i hoʻopau ʻia. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā peʻa i loko o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo butterfly - hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia hoʻonohonoho (me nā junks) ma kahi holo piha (ka makani makani).

I kēia manawa, kokoke mākaukau ke kumu hoʻohālike (19). No laila makemake paha ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i nā mea pono (9): kahi kū, kahi peni ma ka mainmast (ʻo ia hoʻi kahi mea pale ma waena o ka maka a me ka piko o ka mast), a me nā mea hoʻonaninani (e laʻa, "maka" ma ka mua o ke kia). hull, nā papa "pi", spiers, heleuma, etc.).

20. Ua hoʻoulu ʻia paha ka hopena hope loa o GOCC e ke kumumanaʻo o kā mākou mau waʻa liʻiliʻi - pono paha mākou e hoʻohana ia no ka pono o nā mea a pau...?

ʻElua ʻīniha o ka wai (ma kahi o 5 knm) i loko o ʻelua mau ʻāpana chute like (i wehewehe ʻia ma "MT" 6/2011) ua lawa no ka heihei, ʻoiai ʻoi aku kēia ʻano kumu hoʻohālike no ka ʻauʻau leʻaleʻa a hāʻule i loko o ka māhele semi-jacket.