Kelemānia - hoʻomaka ka pōʻino

16 Iune 1937 i komo i Wilhelmshaven Panzerschiff Deutschland. ʻO ka moku hae hope wale nō i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hapalua, a ʻo ke ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka poʻe holo moku i hōʻailona i ka mea i hana ʻia ma mua o ʻelua pule ma mua o Ibiza. ʻO nā kiʻi o Andrzej Danilevich

I ka wā i kū ai ʻo Generals Franco, Mola a me Sanjurjo ma Iulai 1936 i ke kipi kūʻē i ke aupuni Popular Front, e hoʻomaka ana i ke Kaua Kivila Sepania, ua hoʻonui ʻia ko lākou manaʻolana e lawe koke i ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa. Eia naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hilinaʻi i ke kōkua mai nā ʻāina ʻē - ʻo nā ʻelele i hālāwai me Hitler ma Bayreuth i hoʻokahi pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaua, ma hope o kekahi mau hola o ke kali ʻana, ua lohe ʻia e kākoʻo ka German Reich i nā "pūʻali aupuni". I kēia manawa, e hele ana ka Panzerschiff (moku kaua) Deutschland i ke awa Basque o San Sebastian a hōʻike koke i ka ʻaoʻao hea ka Kriegsmarine e lawe ai i ka hakakā. ʻAʻole i emi iho i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻopau ʻia kāna hana ʻehā ma ka Navy o ke Kōmike o ka Non-Intervention ma mua o ka manawa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā pōkā ʻelua i hāʻule ma luna ona mai kahi mokulele Repubalika ʻoiai ʻo ia ma kahakai o Ibiza.

Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Deutschland i ʻelua mahina ma hope o ka lawe ʻana o Adolf Hitler ma ke ʻano he Chancellor Reich, ma ka lā 2 ʻApelila 1. I kēlā manawa, ua kāhea ka poʻe paʻi Pelekane iā ia - a ua lilo kēia i mea kaulana loa - he "moku kaua pocket". ʻO kēia ma muli o ke ʻano, me ka nui o nā moku holo moku "Washington", ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma luna o lākou me kāna mau puʻupuʻu koʻikoʻi (1933 6-mm pū), ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pale kaua ma mua o nā moku kaua "ʻoiaʻiʻo", ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki. a he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka lele ʻana (ʻo ka lua o ka pono e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenekini diesel). ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona mua he ala ia e pale ai i kekahi o nā ʻōlelo o ke Kuikahi o Versailles, ka mea i pāpā iā Kelemania mai ke kūkulu ʻana i nā "moku kaua" me ka neʻe ʻana maʻamau ma mua o 280 10 tons, ka mea e hiki ʻole ai i kāna mau ʻauwaʻa ke hoʻoweliweli i nā moku o ka moku. nā mana honua. Ua lilo ka palena i mea paʻakikī nui i nā mea hoʻolālā Kelemania, akā hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka wili uila, nā turrets ʻekolu a me nā mea hou aʻe he nui, ua kūleʻa kā lākou "huahana" - ʻo ka hapa nui no ka mea ua ʻoi aku kona neʻe ʻana i ka palena e 000 mau tona.

I Kekemapa 1933, aia ʻo Deutschland ma hope o nā hoʻāʻo ʻana, hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana. I ʻApelila 1934, kipa ʻo Hitler i Norewai, me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ia ma ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana. I Iune, ua holo ʻo ia me ka moku holo māmā ʻo Cologne i ka Atlantika, ua alakaʻi nā moku ʻelua i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa pū ma laila. Mai ʻOkakopa 1, ʻo ia ka moku nui o ka Kriegsmarine, i Dekemaba ʻo ia i kipa aku ai i ke awa ʻo Scottish o Leith. Ma Malaki 1935 ua haʻalele ʻo ia

ma ka holo ana i na awa o Palakila, e kipa ana hoi i Trinidad a me Aruba (aia he hoao engine, ua hoi aku ka moku i Wilhelmshaven me 12 NM "ma ka counter"). I ʻOkakopa, me kāna māhoe ʻo Admiral Scheer, ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma waho o ka Canary a me Azores. I ka lā 286 o Iulai i ka makahiki 24, i kona hoʻouna ʻia ʻana i Sepania, ua hele ʻo ia i ka ʻike loea, nā huakaʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka kipa ʻana i Copenhagen.

ʻO Iulai 26 "Deutschland" a me Admiral Scheer i hōʻea i San Sebastian, e komo ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kupa o nā ʻāina like ʻole. Noho ʻo Deutschland ma ke kai kūʻono o Biscay a holo i A Coruña ma o Bilbao a me Gijón i nā lā aʻe. Ma ka lā 3 o ʻAukake, me ka moku torpedo Luchs, ua komo ʻo ia i Ceuta (e kū pono ana i Gibraltar) a kauoha i kahi pūʻali cadmium i hoʻouna ʻia i Sepania. Ua loaʻa iā Rolf Karls nā hanohano a pau mai nā pūʻali koa i ʻākoakoa ma laila, i kōkua ʻia e Kenerala Franco, a laila ʻai pū ʻo ia me ia. Ma hope koke iho, ua ʻike ʻia ʻekolu mau moku Repubalika—ʻo ka moku kaua ʻo Jaime I, ka moku holo māmā ʻo Libertad, a me ka mea luku ʻo Almirante Valdes—ua ʻike ʻia ma ke kahua kipi no ke kī ʻana i ke ahi, akā ua pale nā ​​hana a Deutschland iā lākou mai ka wehe ʻana i ke ahi. I nā lā aʻe, ua mākaʻikaʻi ʻo ia me Adimarala Scheer i ke kowa o Gibraltar, e ʻae ana i nā moku e lawe ana i nā mea kaua kaumaha mai Ceuta a Algeciras i makemake nui ai nā kipi e hele me ka pilikia ʻole.

I ka hopena o ka mahina, ua hoʻi ʻo Deutschland i Wilhelmshaven, e kipa aku ana i Barcelona (ʻAukake 9), Cadiz a me Malaga. Ma ka lā 1 o ʻOkakopa, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kahi hoʻouka kaua ʻē aʻe i nā kahakai o ka Iberian Peninsula, me ka hana o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i nā wai kokoke i Alicante, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mālama ʻana iā Cartagena, ke kumu nui o nā ʻauwaʻa Repubalika (ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi mokulele moana no kēia kumu. ); I ka lā 21 o Nowemapa, 3 mau lā ma hope o ka ʻae ʻana o Berlin a me Roma i ke aupuni o General Franco, ua hoʻi ʻo ia i Wilhelmshaven. Ma Ianuali 31, 1937, hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kāna holo ʻekolu, e hoʻokuʻu ana iā Adimarala Graf Spee ma nā wai kokoke i Ceuta. I ka wā o ka hoʻopio ʻana iā Malaga e nā kipi (Feberuari 3-8), ua uhi ʻo ia i ka poʻe holo moku e hoʻokuʻu ana i ke awa mai ka hoʻouka ʻana o kahi pūʻulu o nā moku Repubalika (haʻalele iā Cartagena, akā ua neʻe aku ʻo ia mai nā hana hoʻonāukiuki a nā hui Kelemania a me Italia).