Ma hea ka ʻōnaehana solar e ʻimi ai i ke ola?

Ma ke poʻo inoa, ʻaʻole ka nīnau "inā?", akā "ma hea?". No laila ke manaʻo nei mākou aia paha ke ola ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo loa i nā makahiki he mau makahiki i hala. Ma hea kahi e hele mua ai a he aha nā mikiona e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā pūlāwai wahi liʻiliʻi? Ma hope o ka ʻike hou ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia nā leo i ka lewa o Venus e kuhikuhi i kā mākou mau pōhaku a me nā ʻimi noiʻi ma laila, kokoke loa i ka Honua.

1. Misiona DAVINCI - ʻike maka

I Pepeluali 2020, hāʻawi ʻo NASA i $XNUMX miliona i ʻehā mau hui papahana. ʻElua o lākou e kālele ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka misionari. Venus, Ke nānā aku nei kekahi i ka mahina pele o Jupiter Io, a ʻo ka hā o ka mahina o Neptune Triton. ʻO kēia mau hui ka mea hope loa o ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia Misiona papa Discovery NASA. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mikiona liʻiliʻi me kahi kālā i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o $450 miliona, ma kahi o nā misionari NASA nui aʻe. ʻO nā papahana ʻehā i koho ʻia, ʻo ka nui o ʻelua e loaʻa kālā piha. E hoʻohana ʻia ke kālā i hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou e hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā misionari a me nā manaʻo e pili ana i kā lākou misionari i loko o ʻeiwa mahina.

ʻO kekahi o nā mikiona Venusian i kapa ʻia ʻo DAVINCHI + () hāʻawi, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi noiʻi hohonu i ka lewa o Venus (ʻekahi). ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ka ʻimi ʻana i ke ola ma waho o ka nīnau, ʻo wai ka mea ʻike inā ʻo nā hōʻike Sepatemaba e pili ana i kahi derivative hiki ke ola, phosphine i nā ao o ka honua, e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻolālā misionari. ʻO ka huakaʻi iā Triton e pili ana i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka moana lalo, a ʻo nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana iā Enceladus e ka mokulele Cassini e honi mau i nā ʻano o ke ola.

ka hope ʻike ʻia ma nā ao o Venus ua hoʻoulu kēia i ka noʻonoʻo o nā mea noiʻi a me ka makemake, a pēlā ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o nā makahiki i hala iho nei. No laila, ma hea nā wahi ʻē aʻe e hoʻohiki ai no ke ola extraterrestrial? Ma hea ʻoe e hele ai? He aha nā cache o ka Pūnaehana, ma waho aʻe o ka Venus i ʻōlelo ʻia, pono e ʻimi. Eia nā kuhikuhi ʻoi loa.

Oka Poakola

ʻO Mars kekahi o nā honua e like me ka Honua ma ka ʻōnaehana solar. He 24,5-hola ia, he polar ice caps e hoonui ana a kuikahi me na kau, a me ka heluna nui o na hiohiona o ka ili i kalai ia e ka wai kahe a me ka wai ku i ka moolelo o ka honua. Ua ʻike hou ʻia kahi loko hohonu (2) ma lalo pāpale hau polar hema i methane ma ka lewa Martian (ʻokoʻa ka ʻike ma muli o ka manawa o ka makahiki a me ka manawa o ka lā) e hoʻolilo iā Mars i moho hoihoi.

2. ʻIke ʻia o ka wai ma lalo o ka ʻili o Mars

mokaea He mea nui kēia i loko o kēia cocktail no ka mea hiki ke hana ʻia e nā kaʻina olaola. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu o ka methane ma Mars. Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ola ma Mars, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka honua. I kēia mau lā, he lewa maloʻo lahilahi a maloʻo loa ʻo Mars, kokoke piha i ka carbon dioxide, e hāʻawi liʻiliʻi ana i ka pale mai ka lā a me ka cosmic radiation. Inā hiki iā Mars ke mālama iki ma lalo o ka ʻili mālama waiHiki ke ola ma laila.

ʻO Europe

Ua ʻike ʻo Galileo iā ʻEulopa ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻehā haneli mau makahiki i hala, me ʻekolu mau mea nui ʻē aʻe nā ukali o Iupita. He liʻiliʻi iki ia ma mua o ka Earth's Moon a hoʻopuni a puni ka pilikua kinoea ma kahi pōʻai 3,5 mau lā ma kahi mamao o 670 tausani. km (3). Hoʻopiʻi mau ʻia a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia e nā māla gravity o Jupiter a me nā satelite ʻē aʻe. Ua manaʻo ʻia he honua hana honua, e like me ka Honua, no ka mea, ua hoʻomehana ʻia kona loko pōhaku a me ka metala e nā mana umekaumaha ikaika, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.

3. ʻIke noʻeau o ka ʻili o ʻEulopa

ʻEulopa Square he wahi nui o ka hau wai. Nui nā kānaka ʻepekema manaʻoʻiʻo i kēlā malalo o ka ili hau aia kahi papa wai wai, he moana honua, i hoʻomehana ʻia e kona wela a hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 km hohonu. ʻO nā hōʻike no ke ola ʻana o kēia moana, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe. nā geysers he pahū ma nā māwae o ka ʻili hau, kahi mākia palupalu nāwaliwali, a me ke ʻano o ka ʻili huʻihuʻi i hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e ka ʻōwili ʻana ma lalo. au kai. Mālama kēia hau hau i ke kai i lalo o ke anuanu a me ke anuanu māhu hakahakaa mai ka radiation o Jupiter. Hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i nā makani hydrothermal a me nā lua pele ma lalo o kēia moana. Ma ka Honua, kākoʻo pinepine ia mau hiʻohiʻona i nā kaiaola waiwai nui a like ʻole.

ʻEnceladus

E like me ʻEulopa, ʻEnceladus he mahina i uhi ʻia i ka hau me ka moana wai wai. Hele a puni ʻo Enceladus Saturn a ua ʻike mua ʻia e nā ʻepekema ma ke ʻano he honua hiki ke noho ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā geysers nui kokoke i ka pole hema o ka mahina. He hōʻike maopopo lākou waihona wai wai ma lalo o ka honua.

4. ʻIke ʻia o ka loko o Enceladus

I loko o kēia mau geysers, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka wai wale nō, akā, ʻo nā ʻāpana organik pū kekahi a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana silicate pōhaku i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻopili kino ʻana o ka wai kai lalo me ka papahele o ka moana pōhaku ma kahi mahana o 90 ° C. He hōʻike ikaika loa kēia no ke ola ʻana o nā puka makani hydrothermal ma lalo o ke kai.

Titanium

ʻO Titan ka mahina nui loa o Saturn i ʻo ka mahina wale nō ma ka ʻōnaehana lā me ka lewa manoanoa a paapu. Ua uhi ʻia i loko o kahi ʻalani ʻalani i hana ʻia me nā molekole organik. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ma kēia lewa. ʻōnaehana ʻāinakahi e like ai ka methane me ko ka wai ma ka Honua. Aia ka ua (5), nā wā maloʻo a me nā puʻu i hana ʻia e ka makani. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona radar i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā muliwai a me nā loko o ka methane wai a me ka ethane, a me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā cryovolcanoes, nā ʻano lua pele e hū ai i ka wai wai ma mua o ka pele. Hōʻike kēia i kēlā ʻO Titan, e like me Europa a me Enceladus, he waihona wai wai ma lalo o ka honua.. Hoʻokumu mua ʻia ka lewa me ka nitrogen, he mea nui ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā protein i nā ʻano ola āpau i ʻike ʻia.

5. Ka hihio o ka ua methane ma Titan

Ma kahi mamao loa mai ka Lā, mamao loa ka wela o ka ʻili o Titan mai ka ʻoluʻolu -180˚C, no laila ʻaʻohe wai wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā kinikona i loaʻa ma Titan ua hoʻāla ka manaʻo noʻonoʻo aia paha nā ʻano ola me kahi ʻano kemika ʻokoʻa loa mai ka kemika ʻike o ke ola. 

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