ʻO nā mea lawe kinoea, ʻo ia ke kumu i kaulana nui ai ka methane

Hāʻawi kinoea i ʻona Ke ulu nei ka maʻamau: ʻikepili no ke kūʻai ʻana i ka methane kaumaha, ke kinoea a me ka wai wai, mai 2018 a 2019 i ka hoʻonui kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole like me nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka media i hānai ʻia i loko kakolina diesel. Akā, no ke aha?

ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka methane, ma ke ʻano kinoea a me ka wai, ke holomua nei no ka mea e pane maikaʻi loa ia i ka ʻelua pono, ma kekahi aoao, ka hookiekie koina hana a me ka hopena o ke kaiapuni o ka lawe kaumaha.

Hoʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai no ka kilomika a me ka ʻuhane ʻōmaʻomaʻo

I ka hihia mua, ma ka mamao like hookahi kg wai a i ʻole kinoea methane koina a hiki i Nā 50 keneta emi ma mua o ka papa ʻO ka wahie diesel, ua kaupalena ʻia ka ʻoluʻolu e ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā kaʻa ʻaila. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, loaʻa iā lākou kahi papa helu kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o nā hiʻohiʻona diesel me ka mana hoʻokahi, a ʻoi aku ka pālua o ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona me nā ʻōnaehana LPG a i ʻole. SPG, ma muli o ka kūikawā nā pahu cryogenicpono e mālama i ka methane wai ma ka wela haʻahaʻa a me ke kaomi.

Eia naʻe, ua uku ʻia nā hoʻopukapuka mana kūʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke pāpālua ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka methane i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano kinoea, a hiki i 1.600 km.. Mai ka manaʻo kaiapuni, ʻo nā hōʻike āpau i makemake i nā ʻenekini kinoea maoli; Hoʻemi ʻia nā hoʻoiho CO2 e 15% (a me ka psoson odominuire hou inā loaʻa ka methane bio mai nā kumu hoʻohou), hāʻule ka nitrogen oxides i 60% a oiai ua aneane e hoopau ia na sulfur oxides a me ka lepo maikai pau loa (99%).

Pōʻahāhā… pōʻaiapuni

ʻOiai ma keʻano o ka hana, e mau ana ka hoʻohālikelike: likeʻole me ka māhele kaʻa kaʻa, i ka huli 'ana i ka methane i mau ka ho'okele waiwai i kaulike 'ia e ka hana trade-off, maopopo haahaa, ma nā kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano kinoea hoʻokūkū.

Aia ke kumu ʻano ʻenekini hoʻohana ʻia: no nā kaʻa kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻaila i nā ratio hoʻoemi ma lalo ka mea e hoʻohana liʻiliʻi i nā hiʻohiʻona a hiki i ka antiknock (me ka helu octane kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka ʻoi aku 30% hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻaila) methane. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e kūpono ai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻenekini a pōʻaiapuni Diesel, he mea ʻole ia ma nā kaʻa (no ka lawa ʻana o ka hoʻokele wahie diesel), akā i kēia lā ke loaʻa nei kahi huina kūpono ma kaumaha. 

ʻAe ʻia ka holomua ʻenehana kūpaʻa, i kēia manawa ua like me ka diesel, me nā wā lawelawe nā analogues, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia ai kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, he pōmaikaʻi no ka mea hoʻokele a me ke kaiapuni, e ʻae ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona methane i loko. hoʻonohonoho kūlanakauhale i ka po.

Alakaʻi ʻo Iveco, ʻo Swedes ma ke kaʻa

No kēia lā wale nō kekahi poe kukulu hale kākoʻo i ke kumu o ka wai methane i loko o nā kaʻa: Iveco, Scania a me Volvo Trucks ma ka nui o nā ʻano wai kaumaha a i ʻole methane kinoea ma kā lākou papa inoa. ʻO Iveco i ka pūnāwai 2019 (a me nā eco-incentives a lākou i hāʻawi mua ai 20.000 Euro no ke kūʻai ʻana i LNG kaumaha) i hōʻike ʻia85% kuai. ʻO nā kanaka nunui ʻē aʻe, e like me Mercedes, ka mea i hoʻolalelale i kona ikehu ma ka uila, ua māʻona i nā koho kikoʻī, e like me ka Econic NGT, i hoʻolālā ʻia e ʻohi ʻōpala.