Eurofighter Typhoon
Hoʻohui ka Eurofighter i ka maneuverability kiʻekiʻe loa me nā avionics kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻolilo iā ia i kekahi o nā mea hakakā hou a maikaʻi loa i ka honua.
Ke makemake nei ka European consortium Eurofighter e komo i loko o ka tender no ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi fighter multi-role (ka papahana "Harpia") no Polani, e hāʻawi ana i kāna Eurofighter Typhoon fighter. Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pono hoʻokūkū e ka consortium, ka hoʻololi ʻenehana a me ka hana hana ma Polani.
ʻO ka papahana Eurofighter ka papahana pale nui loa o ʻEulopa i ka mōʻaukala. I kēia manawa, ua kauoha nā mea hoʻohana ʻeiwa i 623 mau mea hakakā o kēia ʻano, me: Saudi Arabia - 72, Austria - 15, Sepania - 73, Qatar - 24, Kuwait - 28, Kelemānia - 143, Oman - 12, Italia - 96 a me United States. Mokuʻāina. Aupuni - 160. Eia hou, i ka lā Malaki 9 o kēia makahiki, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Saudi Arabia i kona manaʻo e kūʻai i kahi 48 Eurofighters hou aʻe, a aia nā ʻaelike hou aʻe ma lalo o ke kūkākūkā ʻana.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻāina i loko o ka Eurofighter GmbH consortium i kā lākou mau ʻāpana i loko o ia penei: Kelemānia a me UK 33% kēlā me kēia, ʻo Italia 21% a me Sepania 13%. ʻO kēia mau hui i komo i ka hana pololei: Kelemānia - DASA, ma hope o EADS; Nui Pelekane - Pelekania Aerospace, ma hope BAE Systems, Italia - Alenia Aeronautica a me Sepania - CASA SA. Ma hope o ka hoʻololi hou ʻana i ka ʻoihana, ua loaʻa iā Airbus Defense and Space (ADS) ma luna o 46% o nā ʻāpana ma Kelemānia a me Sepania (me nā māhele aupuni o Airbus ma Kelemānia ma 33% a me Airbus ma Sepania ma 13%), noho mau ʻo BAE Systems ma ke ʻano he ʻaelike. ma UK, a me BAE Systems ma Italia , i keia la o Leonardo SpA
Hana ʻia nā mea nui o ka airframe ma ʻehiku mau hale hana like ʻole. Ma UK, ua kūʻai ʻia ka mea kanu English Electric ma Samlesbury, ma hope o BAe a me BAE Systems, i ka makahiki 2006 i ka mea hana hale mokulele ʻAmelika ʻo Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. mai Wichitia. Ke hana ʻia nei ka ʻāpana huelo o ka fuselage ma ʻaneʻi no ka hapalua o ka Eurofighters. ʻO ka mea kanu nui ʻo Wharton, kahi i hui ʻia ai ka hui hope loa o Eurofighters no UK a me Saudi Arabia, ua paʻa ʻia e English Electric, a mai 1960 e ka British Aircraft Corporation, i hui pū me Hawker Siddeley i 1977 e hoʻokumu i ka British Aerospace - i kēia lā Nā Pūnaehana BAE. Hana pū ʻo Warton i nā fuselages i mua, nā uhi cockpit, empennage, back hump a me vertical stabilizer, a me nā flaps inboard. He ʻekolu hale hana ma Kelemānia. Ua hana ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana ma Aircraft Services Lemwerder (ASL) aia ma Lemwerder kokoke i Bremen, nona nā hale hana i mālama mua ʻia e Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke (VFW) mai Bremen, kahi hui i hoʻokumu ʻia mai ka hui ʻana o Focke-Wulfa me Weserflug mai Lemwerder. akā i ka makahiki 2010 ua pani ʻia kēia ʻoihana, a ua hoʻoili ʻia ka hana ʻana i ʻelua mau mea kanu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe ka mea kanu ma Augsburg, nona ka Messerschmitt AG ma mua, a mai 1969 e Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm. Ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana ma hope mai, nona kēia mea kanu e DASA, ma hope mai e EADS, a i kēia manawa he ʻāpana o Airbus Defense a me Space ma ke ʻano he lālā o Premium AEROTEC. ʻO ka mea kanu nui no ka hana ʻana o ADS aia ma Manching ma waena o Munich a me Nuremberg, kahi i hana ʻia ai ka hui hope loa o nā mea kaua Eurofighter German, ua kūkulu pū ʻia nā mea hakakā no Austria. Hana nā mea kanu Kelemania ʻelua i ke kikowaena o ka fuselage, hoʻopiha i ka hydraulic a me nā mea uila, a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele.
Ma Italia, hana ʻia nā mea hoʻolālā airframe ma ʻelua hale hana. Aia ka mea kanu ma Foggia i ka mahele o nā hale mokulele - Divisione Aerostrutture. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mea kanu ma Turin, kahi e hui ai ka hui hope o ka Eurofighters no Italia a me nā mea hakakā no Kuwait, aia i ka mahele mokulele - Divisione Velivoli. Hoʻopuka kēia mau mea kanu i ke koena o ka fuselage hope, a no nā mīkini a pau: ka ʻēheu hema a me nā flaps. Ma Sepania, ma ka ʻokoʻa, hoʻokahi wale nō hale hana, aia ma Getafe kokoke i Madrid, ke hana nei i ka hana ʻana i nā mea nui o ka airframe. Ma ʻaneʻi ka hui hope loa o nā mokulele no Sepania, a eia kekahi, ua hana ʻia nā ʻēheu ʻākau a me nā slots no nā mīkini āpau.
E pili ana kēia i ka mea lele. Akā ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka Eurofighter fighter pū kekahi i hoʻomohala pū ʻia a hana ʻia e bypass gas turbine jet engines. I kēia hopena, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka consortium EuroJet Turbo GmbH, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Hallbergmoos kokoke i Munich, Kelemānia. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā hui ma hope mai nā ʻāina hoa ʻehā: Rolls-Royce plc mai Derby i UK, Motoren- und Turbinen-Union GmbH (MTU) Aero Engines AG mai Allah ma ke komohana komohana o Munich, Fiat Aviazione mai Rivalta di Torino (ma waho o Turin) mai Italia a me Sener Aeronáutica mai Sepania. ʻO ka hui hope i kēia manawa i ka Eurojet consortium e Industria de Turbo Propulsores (ITP), nona ka Sener. Aia ka mea kanu ITP ma Zamudio ma ka ʻākau o Sepania. Ma ka huli ʻana, ua hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Fiat Aviazione ma Italia i Avia SpA me nā mea kanu like ma Rivalta di Torino, 72% nona ka waihona kālā Space2 SpA mai Milan, a ʻo ke koena 28% e Leonardo SpA.
ʻO ka ʻenekini e hoʻoikaika ana i ka Eurofighter, ʻo ka EJ200, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hopena o ka hana hoʻolālā hui. ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mahele i nā kumukūʻai, nā hana a me nā waiwai o kēlā me kēia ʻāina ua like ia me ka hihia o ka glider: Kelemānia a me Great Britain 33% kēlā me kēia, ʻo Italia 21% a me Sepania 13%. ʻO ka EJ200 he ʻekolu-pae, piha "pani" fan, i.e. ʻO kēlā me kēia pae i kahi diski integral me nā lau a me ka ʻelima mau pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa compressor ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, kahi ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu i ke ʻano o ka "Close". He ʻano monocrystalline nā ʻāpana compressor a pau. ʻO kekahi o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kaomi kiʻekiʻe he mana pitch e hoʻomalu i ke kahe e kū'ē i ka pamu. ʻO nā kumu ʻelua, ka haʻahaʻa a me ke kiʻekiʻe, ke alakaʻi ʻia e nā turbines hoʻokahi. Loaʻa i ke keʻena hoʻoheheʻe annular kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻomaha a hoʻopau. Ma ka mana o kēia manawa, ʻo 60 kN ka nui o ka pahu me ka ʻole afterburner a me 90 kN me ka afterburner.
