ESP - e like me ke kaʻaahi

ʻO ka mea a mākou e ʻōlelo pinepine ai ʻo ESP a i ʻole Stability Program he ʻōnaehana ABS nui. ʻO ka nui o nā mea i loaʻa iā ia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hana i hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ia.

ʻO ka mea a mākou e ʻōlelo pinepine ai ʻo ESP a i ʻole Stability Program he ʻōnaehana ABS nui. ʻO ka nui o nā mea i loaʻa iā ia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hana i hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ia.

ʻO ESP kahi inoa inoa inoa o Daimler AG. I ka makahiki 1995, ʻo kēia mea hana ka mea mua i hoʻokomo i kahi ʻōnaehana stabilization i ka hana nui, e kau ana ma luna o kahi kaʻa papa Mercedes-Benz S. Ua koi ʻia ka poʻe hahai i kā lākou nomenclature, no laila loaʻa iā mākou VSA ma Honda, VSC ma Toyota a me Lexus. , VDC no Alfa Romeo a me Subaru, PSM no Porsche, MSD no Maserati, CST no Ferrari, DSC no BMW, DSTC no Volvo, etc.

ʻAʻole wale nā ​​loina maʻamau o ka hana maʻamau, akā ʻo nā ʻōlelo hoʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ka mālama ʻana i ke kaʻa ma ke alanui i ke ʻano o ka skidding. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo kēia nā mea hoʻokele me ka ʻike liʻiliʻi a me nā mākau hoʻokele haʻahaʻa i ʻike ʻole pehea e huki pololei a huki koke i ke kaʻa mai kahi skid. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pono e haʻalele ka poʻe holo lio ʻike iā ESP. Hoʻopunipuni pinepine ka manaʻoʻiʻo i kona ikaika ponoʻī, ʻoiai ke lilo ke kūlana i mea pilikia.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana ʻana o ESP ma ka braking o ka huila like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​huila, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi torque kuhikuhi pololei, e kū'ē i ka manawa e hoʻāʻo ai ke kaʻa e huli, ma muli o ka hewa o ka mea hoʻokele. ʻO kahi kaʻa i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka palena o ka wikiwiki ma ke kaʻe, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka hoʻolālā a me ka huki ʻana o ke kaʻa, e hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kaʻapuni a puni ke koʻi kūpaʻa. Eia naʻe, hiki i ka rotation ke lawe i nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole ma muli o ka understeer a i ʻole oversteer.

I ka understeer, i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai kahi kaʻa skidding e huki i waho o kahi kihi, pono e paʻi mua ka huila hope o loko. Me ka oversteer, i ka wā e pahee ai ke kaʻa, e hoʻopaʻa i ke kihi (kiola i hope) o ka huila mua o waho. ʻO ka hoʻomaha ʻana ma hope e pili ana i ka neʻe hou ʻana o ke kaʻa a me ka hopena o ka mea hoʻokele.

 

No ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka coefficient o ka friction o ka ʻili a me ke kaila, hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻina hana braking e hoʻonui i ka paʻa. ʻOi aku ka kaumaha o ka huila paʻa a hoʻonui i ke kaomi ma ke alanui, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kona paʻa ʻana ma ke alanui. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā ikaika ma kahi kūpono e hana ai i kahi torque ma ke ala pololei, e kōkua ana i ke kaʻa e loaʻa hou i ke ala huakaʻi i koho mua ʻia.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wikiwiki ma ke arc i hiki ʻole i ka ʻōnaehana ke hoʻokō i kahi pilikia. Eia naʻe, mahalo i nā hana a ESP, e kokoke mau ke kaʻa i ke ala pololei, a hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi nui i nā hopena o kahi ulia pōpilikia. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hui ʻana me kahi keʻakeʻa ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka huli ʻana ma mua o ke kaʻa, a no laila ma ke ala maikaʻi loa no nā mea hoʻokele (ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i ka wahi kaomi, airbags, nā kāʻei noho).

ʻO ke kūlana no ka hana pono ʻana o ka ESP ʻaʻole wale ka hana kūpono o nā mea ʻike a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele, akā ʻo ka pono o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe haʻalulu. Hiki ke hāʻule ka ʻōnaehana inā nalowale ka huki ʻana ma muli o ka hewa o nā mea hoʻopuʻi. ʻOi aku ma nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole, e hana pinepine i nā pilikia no ka ʻōnaehana ABS.

ESP i nehinei, i kēia lā, ʻapōpō...

Ua hoʻomaka me ka Mercedes S-Class i ka makahiki 1995. A laila hele mai ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho serially i kona ʻano kumu. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, ua hoʻōki ka ʻōnaehana i ka braking i nā huila pākahi. ʻO nā mea hoʻolālā, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hoʻonā, ua hoʻolauna i kekahi mau hana hou, mahalo i nā ESP hou i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mana.

Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki iā ia ke holo ma nā huila ʻelua a ʻekolu paha i ka manawa like. Ke ʻike ʻia ka understeer, pau nā huila mua ʻelua, a inā ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ka hopena, hoʻomaka lāua ʻelua e haki i loko o ka huli. ʻOi aku ka holomua o nā ʻōnaehana ESP e hana like me ka hoʻokele e kuhikuhi iā ia i ke ala pololei.

Hoʻonui kēia "skid control" i ka laulā o ka track stabilization, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lawelawe ʻana, a hoʻemi hoʻi i nā mamao braking i nā kūlana like ʻole. ʻAʻole kēia ka hopena. Aia ma ke kumu o ESP i kūkulu ʻia kekahi mau hana e kōkua i ka mea hoʻokele ma nā ʻano like ʻole.

ʻO kēia mau mea me ka Emergency Brake Assist System (BAS, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Brake Assist), Engine Brake Control (MSR, hana ʻē aʻe i ka ASR, ʻo ia hoʻi ka wikiwiki i ka wā e pono ai), mālama i ke kaʻa i luna ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaʻa i luna (Hill Holder), puʻu. descent brake (HDC), dynamic brake force distribution to maximize the use of heavy-duty wheel traction (CDC), rollover protection (ROM , RSE), smooth braking hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā kaʻa me ka mana mamao i ke kaʻa i mua (EDC) pū kekahi e like me ka trailer track stabilization (TSC) e hoʻomāmā i ke kaʻa kaʻa i hana ʻia e ka trailer sway.

Akā ʻaʻole kēia ka ʻōlelo hope a ka poʻe loea ESP. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia e hana hou aʻe nā ʻōnaehana stabilization me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele huila mua a me hope. Ua ho'āʻo a hoʻāʻo ʻia kēlā mau hopena a ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele hana maʻamau ma ke axle mua a me nā iwi hydraulic a i ʻole electro-hydraulic ma ka axle hope. Ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou, no ka laʻana, i ka Renault Laguna hou loa.

ʻO nā kaʻa kaulana ma ka mākeke Polani me ESP

Ke kŘkohu	Loaʻa ka ESP
Skoda Fabia	ʻAʻole i loaʻa ma nā mana Start a me Junior Ke koho me 1.6 engine - e like me ke kūlana Ma nā mana ʻē aʻe - PLN 2500 hou
ʻO Toyota Yaris	Loaʻa no nā mana Luna A / C a me Sol - uku hoʻonui PLN 2900.
ʻO Skoda Octavia	ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka mana Mint Kea 4 × 4 maʻamau Ma nā mana ʻē aʻe - PLN 2700 hou
ʻO Ford Focus	Kūlana no nā mana a pau
Toyota auris	Kūlana ma nā mana Prestige a me X ʻAʻole loaʻa nā mana ʻē aʻe
fiat-panda	Loaʻa i ka mana Dynamic - no ka uku hou o PLN 2600. Ma ka mana 100 hp. - e like me ke kūlana
ʻO Opel Astra	Ma ka Essentia, Nanea, Cosmo versions - PLN 3250 uku. Kūlana ma nā ʻano Sport a me OPC
Fiat Grande Punto	Ma nā ʻano Sport - maʻamau Ma nā mana ʻē aʻe - PLN 2600 hou
ʻO Opel Corsa	Kūlana ma nā mana OPC a me GSi Ma nā mana ʻē aʻe - PLN 2000 hou