Nā kaʻa uila: ʻo wai ka mea hilinaʻi loa?

Pono Pono kaʻa Uila: Nui nā mālama

He mea paʻakikī loa, inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻole, ke inoa i hoʻokahi kaʻa i hilinaʻi nui ʻia ma waena o nā kaʻa uila. Nui nā kumu no kēia, akā ʻo ka mea nui he mea hou loa ka mākeke. Aia ma luna o 2020 mau kaʻa uila i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma Farani i 110000, mai luna o 10000 wale nō i 2014.

No laila, liʻiliʻi kā mākou ʻike e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi o nā kaʻa ma hope o 10-15 mau makahiki o ka hana. Eia kekahi, ke hoʻomaka nei nā haʻawina hilinaʻi e puka a hoʻonui. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kaʻa uila e like me kā mākou i ʻike ai i kēia lā, ma ke ʻano he ʻōpio, ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻololi ʻana a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia. No laila, ʻokoʻa loa nā hiʻohiʻona i loaʻa i kēia manawa mai nā mea i hāʻawi ʻia i nā makahiki 5 i hala aku nei, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ke ʻano o ka autonomy. Pēlā nō, palekana ka ʻōlelo ʻana e ʻokoʻa loa nā hiʻohiʻona e hiki mai ana, e hoʻomau mau nei i ka hoʻopiʻi i ka pilikia.

ʻO ka hope, pono e wehewehe i ka manaʻo o ka huaʻōlelo "hilinaʻi". Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ke ola ʻenekini, kahi mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e loiloi i nā kiʻi kiʻi wela? ʻO ke ola pākaukau, kahi hōʻailona kikoʻī no ka mea uila? E kamaʻilio paha mākou e pili ana i ka pilikia o ka haki ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia i ka wā e pili ana i nā kaʻa puhi ahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo like ʻia no kahi kaʻa uila, nona ke kumukūʻai hoʻomaka o 60 euros, a he kumu hoʻohālike no ka lehulehu ma 000 euros. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona wela a me ka uila i ke ʻano o ke kaʻa uila holoʻokoʻa e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

No kēia mau kumu āpau, pono e mālama ʻia nā ʻikepili i loaʻa i kēia manawa me ka akahele nui.

ʻO kekahi mau huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi o nā hiʻohiʻona uila e pili ana i nā mea like thermal.

No laila, inā mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomanaʻo koke e ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi o nā kaʻa uila ma mua o nā mea like thermal. Hoʻomanaʻo mākou i kēia ma kā mākou ʻatikala e pili ana i ke ola o kahi kaʻa uila: ma ka awelika, loaʻa kēia mau kaʻa ola lawelawe mai 1000 a 1500 mau kaʻa hoʻoili, a i ʻole he awelika o 10 a 15 mau makahiki no ke kaʻa e holo ana i 20 km i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Hoʻokumu maoli ʻia ka EV ma kahi hoʻolālā maʻalahi: no ka mea he liʻiliʻi kona mau ʻāpana, ʻaʻole hiki ke haʻihaʻi ka EV.

Pono ke kōkua e hoʻomaka?

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa i kēia lā

Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i ka mālama ʻana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei, hiki iā mākou ke kuhikuhi i ka noiʻi ʻana e JD Power, kahi hui ʻikepili ʻikepili i hoʻokumu ʻia ma US. ʻO kāna hōʻike, i paʻi ʻia ma Pepeluali 2021, waiho ʻia ma 32- ^й  makahiki e nā mea hana kaʻa e like me ke ana o ka hilinaʻi.

Wahi a kēia hōʻike, ʻo nā māka ʻekolu me nā kaʻa hilinaʻi loa ʻo Lexus, Porsche a me Kia. ʻO ka mea like ʻole, ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona e like me Jaguar, Alfa Romeo a i ʻole Volkswagen ka mea liʻiliʻi loa.

Ua hilinaʻi ʻo JD Power i nā hōʻike o nā mea kūʻai aku me kahi kaʻa uila ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki e hana i kēia kūlana. ... No laila, ua wehewehe ʻia ka hilinaʻi ma muli o ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea kūʻai aku: ʻo ia nā mea āpau, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, e hana ana i ka manaʻo o ka mea nona. Ma muli o kēia wehewehe ʻana, ua kāhāhā ka haʻawina i nā mea he nui: ʻoiai ʻo ka mea hana ʻAmelika ʻo Tesla i like pū me nā kaʻa hilinaʻi, ua hoʻopau ʻia ma lalo o ka pae.

Kumukūʻai hilinaʻi

Inā hilinaʻi ʻoe i kēia hōʻike, ʻo Lexus ka mea hana hilinaʻi loa i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe: ʻo kāna SUV uila UX300e hou, me ke kumukūʻai hoʻomaka ma kahi o € 50, no laila e ʻoluʻolu loa.

Hoʻopili ʻia kēia e nā mea hana maʻamau e pili ana i ka lehulehu. Eia naʻe, mau ka waiwai o kā lākou mau kaʻa uila. Inā ʻo Kia me kāna SUV e-Niro, ʻo Toyota me kāna lako liʻiliʻi loa o 100% uila (e kū'ē i kāna lineup hybrid) a i ʻole Hyundai me ka Ioniq, loaʻa nā kaʻa āpau āpau ma kahi o 40 euros.

A ma nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa?

A ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, inā mākou e ʻimi nei i kahi kaʻa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, nalowale ka hilinaʻi o ka mea hoʻokele. ʻO Nissan, ka mea i hāʻawi i ke kumu kūʻai kūʻai maikaʻi loa (kūʻai ʻia ka lau ma waena o 35 euros a ʻoi aku ma mua o 000 mau ʻāpana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa), ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma nā kūlana JD Power. Ma Palani, ʻo Renault, ʻoiai ʻo ia e paionia ana i ka Zoe, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia i ka pae o ka hōʻike.

He aha ke ʻano o nā hana ʻino e hiki ke hālāwai me ke kumu hoʻohālike uila?

Ma muli o ka manaʻo o ka mea kūʻai aku, ʻaʻole i kālele ka haʻawina i nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī akā i nā pae uila o kēlā me kēia mea hana. I kēia mau kūlana, paʻakikī ke huki i nā hopena e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi ʻenehana maoli o ke kaʻa. Eia naʻe, hiki i kēia ke koho maikaʻi i kahi kaʻa uila.

No ka hana ʻana i kāu koho, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i nā ʻano hemahema i maʻamau i nā kumu uila. I Mei 2021, ua paʻi ka hui Kelemania ʻo ADAC i kahi noiʻi i ʻike i nā haki i hana ʻia ma 2020 ma nā kaʻa uila. Wahi a kēia haʻawina, ʻo ka pākaukau 12V ke kumu mua o ka hāʻule ʻole: 54% o nā hihia. ʻO ka uila (15,1%) a me nā kaila (14,2%) i hala hope loa. ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau i nā kaʻa uila he 4,4% wale nō o nā haki.

Ka hopena: Ma keʻano laulā, hilinaʻi nui nā kaʻa uila ma muli o nā mechanics maʻalahi. Manaʻo ʻia e piʻi aʻe nā haʻawina hilinaʻi i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, a loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kumu hoʻohālike kāna kānana ponoʻī. ʻO ka hope, hiki ke hoʻonui i ke kōkua kālā no nā kaʻa uila.