Kaʻa uila. ʻAʻole mākaukau nā ʻoihana no nā kaʻa uila?

Loaʻa i nā kaʻa kaʻa ma lalo o Polani nā ʻōnaehana pale ahi, akā ʻaʻole lawa ka nui o lākou i ka wā o ke ahi i nā kaʻa uila, e piʻi nui ana. ʻOi aku ka ʻino o nā tunnels.

Mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā paka kaʻa ma lalo o Polani e nā ʻōnaehana pale ahi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka automotive a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e ulu wikiwiki nei nā kaʻa uila e hoʻololi loa i ka loiloi o ke kūlana o ka pale ahi. - no nā kaʻa me nā pila, ʻaʻole lawa nā mea hoʻokomo i kēia manawa. ʻOiai ʻo nā kaʻa uila ma ko mākou ʻāina he hapa hapa hapa o nā kaʻa a pau, ʻaʻohe kānalua ka nui aʻe o lākou. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia e ka ʻikepili: ma 2019, 4 mau kaʻa uila uila i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma Polani no ka manawa mua, ʻoiai no ka makahiki 327 holoʻokoʻa he 2018 (ka ʻikepili mai Samar, CEPIK).

Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia nā kaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā kaʻa e puka mai ana o nā haʻawina aupuni. E nui aʻe nā kaʻa uila ma nā wahi kaʻa, me nā wahi kaʻa ma lalo o ka honua, a ʻo ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana pale ahi ʻaʻole e hoʻokō i nā loli o ka ʻoihana kaʻa.

- ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kaʻa uila (a i ʻole hybrid) ma mua o nā kaʻa me kahi ʻenekini hoʻomohala kūloko. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopau ahi wai sprinkler, ka mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā wahi kaʻa kaʻa ma lalo o ka honua, ʻaʻole pono i kēia hihia, no ka mea, hoʻokuʻu nā pūnaewele i nā huahana combustible hou (vapors) a me ka oxygen i ka wā o ka puhi ʻana - nā mea āpau e pono ai e mālama i ke ahi. I ka wā e ʻā ai ka loulou hoʻokahi, hiki mai ka hopena o ke kaulahao, he paʻakikī loa a ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke hoʻōki me ka wai wale nō - Michal Brzezinski, Luna Hoʻomalu o ke ahi - SPIE Building Solutions.

Ma nā ʻāina kahi i nui ai nā kaʻa uila, hoʻohana nā kaʻa kaʻa ma lalo o ka ʻāina i nā mea ʻohi wela e like me nā ʻōnaehana pale ahi a - e like me nā kelepona uila - ka nui o ka ikehu - ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻokomo wai wai kiʻekiʻe no kēia, kahi i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia droplet ka nui o 0,05 a 0,3 mm. Ma ia mau ʻōnaehana, lawa ka lita o ka wai no kahi wahi mai 60 a 250 m2 (me nā sprinklers wale nō 1 - 6 m2).

- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka evaporation rate ma ke ʻano o ka noe wai kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai ke loaʻa ka nui o ka wela mai ke kumu ahi - ma kahi o 2,3 MJ no ka lita o ka wai. Hoʻoneʻe ka ʻāina i ka oxygen mai ka wahi puhi ahi ma muli o ka hoʻoheheʻe koke ʻia (hoʻonui ka wai i kona leo ma 1672 manawa i ka wā o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka wai-huhū). Mahalo i ka hopena ʻoluʻolu o ka wahi puhi ahi a me ka nui o ka wela, ua hōʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o ke ahi a hoʻāla hou ʻia (flash), wahi a Michal Brzezinski.

 Nā kaʻa uila. He pilikia hoʻi ma nā tunnels

Aia ʻo Polani he 6,1 km o nā ala ala (ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 m ka lōʻihi). He liʻiliʻi loa kēia, akā i ka makahiki 2020 e hoʻonui ʻia ko lākou lōʻihi e 4,4 km, no ka mea, ʻo ia ka helu o nā tunnels ma Zakopianka a me ke ala S2 ma ke ala ʻo Warsaw. Ma nā hihia ʻelua, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke komisina no 2020. Ke hana ʻia kēia, aia he 10,5 km o nā ala ala ma Polani, ʻo ia ka 70% ʻoi aku ma mua o kēia lā.

E nānā pū: Ua pani ʻia ka odometer kaʻa. He mea pono ke kuai?

 Me nā ʻōnaehana pale ahi ma Polani i nā tunnels, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke ʻano o nā kaʻa kaʻa ma lalo o ka honua - i ka hapa nui o nā hihia ʻaʻole lākou i pale ʻia, koe wale nō ka ventila a me ka uahi.

 - Eia kekahi, pono mākou e alualu i nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa Komohana. E like me nā kaʻa kaʻa ma lalo o ka honua, ua manaʻo ʻia ka noe kiʻekiʻe ka hopena maikaʻi loa ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela (ʻike) mai ke ahi. ʻAʻohe pili me ka noe o ka lewa. I loko o kēia mea puhi ahi, ʻo ke kaomi hana ma kahi o 50 - 70 bar. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā nozzles i hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia e hāʻawi i ka noe e hāʻawi i ka wikiwiki i ke ahi. Eia kekahi, hoʻoneʻe ka noe i ka oxygen mai ke keʻena puhi ahi ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, ʻoi aku ka wela o ka wai ma mua o nā mea hoʻopau ʻē aʻe, no laila ua hoʻopau ʻia ka wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ma muli o kona ʻano hoʻoluʻu i haʻi ʻia, hakakā maikaʻi ʻo ia i ke ahi, a pale ʻia nā kānaka a me nā waiwai mai ka wela. Ma muli o ka nui o ka nui droplet o ka noe wai kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o 300 micrometers, hui maʻalahi kona mau ʻāpana me nā ʻāpana uahi a hoʻemi pono i ka uahi ma kahi i hoʻomaka ai ke ahi, wahi a Michal Brzezinski mai SPIE Building Solutions.

ʻO kahi pōmaikaʻi hou o ka puaʻa ahi, ʻo ia ka mea ʻaʻole ia e pōʻino i ke kanaka, no laila e ʻae i ka poʻe i loko, e like me ke kahua kaʻa ma lalo o ka honua a i ʻole ka tunnel, e haʻalele maʻalahi i ka hale pōʻino, a hiki nō hoʻi i ke ahi ke komo i loko. ʻoi aku ka palekana.

Hana ʻia ka Volkswagen ID.3 ma aneʻi.