ʻO Dassault Rafale i ka pūʻali mokulele ʻĀina
Ua pae ʻo Rafale ma ke kahua ʻo Ambala ma India ma hope o ka lele ʻana ʻelua wāwae mai Farani mai Iulai 27-29, 2020. Ua lilo ʻo India i ke kolu o nā mea hoʻohana haole o nā mea hakakā Farani ma hope o ʻAigupita a me Qatar.
I ka hopena o Iulai 2020, ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouna ʻana o 36 Dassault Aviation Rafale i India. Ua kūʻai ʻia nā mokulele i ka makahiki 2016, ʻo ia ka hopena (ʻoiai ʻaʻole e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia) o kahi papahana i hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia XNUMX. No laila, ua lilo ʻo India i ke kolu o nā mea hoʻohana haole o nā mea hakakā Farani ma hope o ʻAigupita a me Qatar. ʻAʻole paha kēia ka hopena o ka moʻolelo Rafale ma India. He moho ia i kēia manawa ma nā papahana ʻelua e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mokulele mokulele multirole hou no ka Indian Air Force a me ka Navy.
Mai ke kūʻokoʻa ʻana, ua manaʻo ʻo India e lilo i ka mana nui loa ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia Hema a, ʻoi aku ka laulā, ma ke kahawai ʻo India. No laila, ʻoiai me ka kokoke o ʻelua mau ʻāina ʻenemi - ka People's Republic of China (PRC) a me Pakistan - mālama lākou i kekahi o nā pūʻali koa nui loa o ka honua. ʻO ka Indian Air Force (Bharatiya Vayu Sena, BVS; Indian Air Force, IAF) aia ma kahi ʻehā no nā makahiki he nui ma hope o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kina a me ka Russian Federation e pili ana i ka nui o nā mokulele kaua i loaʻa. Ma muli o nā kūʻai ikaika i hana ʻia i ka hapaha hope o ke kenekulia 23 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana laikini ma nā hale hana ʻo Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) ma Bangalore. Ma ka Soviet Union, a laila ma Rusia, MiG-29MF a me MiG-23 mea kaua, MiG-27BN a me MiG-30ML fighter-bombers a me Su-2000MKI multipurpose fighters ua kuaiia, ma UK - Jaguars fighter-bombers, a ma Farani. - XNUMX mau mea kaua Mirage (e ʻike i ka hoʻokomo).
Ua kakau inoa na Kuhina Palekana o Inia Manohar Parrikar a me Farani Jean-Yves Le Drian i aelike he 7,87 billion euros no ke kuai ana o 36 Rafale e India; New Delhi, 23 Kepakemapa 2016
Eia naʻe, i mea e hoʻololi ai i nā ʻauwaʻa nui o nā mea kaua MiG-21 a mālama mau i ka helu i makemake ʻia o nā squadrons kaua o 42-44, pono nā kūʻai hou aku. Wahi a ka IAF hoʻolālā hoʻolālā, ka Indian light combat aircraft LCA (Light Combat Aircraft) Tejas e lilo i mea pani i ka MiG-21, akā ua hoʻopaneʻe ka hana ma luna o ia (ua lele mua ka mea hōʻike ʻenehana mua i 2001, ma kahi o - e like me. e hoʻolālā - i ka makahiki 1990.). Ma ka waena o 90s, ua hoʻomaka ʻia kahi papahana e hoʻonui i nā mea kaua 125 MiG-21bis i ka mana UPG Bison i hiki iā lākou ke noho i ka lawelawe ikaika a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka LCA Tejas. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ke kūʻai ʻana i nā Mirage 1999 hou a me ka hana laikini o lākou ma HAL ma 2002–2000, akā ua haʻalele ʻia ka manaʻo. I kēlā manawa, ua hele mai ka nīnau no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea pani no ka Jaguar a me MiG-27ML fighter-bombers. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 2015, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e lawe ʻia nā ʻano ʻelua mai ka lawelawe a puni XNUMX. No laila, ʻo ka mea nui ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mokulele kaua multi-role hou (MMRCA).
Polokalamu MMRCA
Ma lalo o ka papahana MMRCA, ua manaʻo ʻia e kūʻai aku i nā mokulele 126, e hiki ai ke hoʻolako i ʻehiku squadrons (18 i kēlā me kēia) me nā lako. ʻO nā kope mua he 18 e hoʻolako ʻia e ka mea hana i koho ʻia, aʻo nā kope 108 i koe e hana ʻia ma lalo o kahi laikini HAL. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ke kauoha me nā kope ʻē aʻe 63-74, no laila ʻo ka huina o ke kumukūʻai o ke kālepa (me ke kumukūʻai o ke kūʻai, mālama ʻana a me nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa) hiki ke kokoke mai 10-12 a 20 biliona kālā ʻAmelika. ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha ua hoʻāla ka papahana MMRCA i ka hoihoi nui ma waena o nā mea hana mokulele mokulele nui o ka honua.
Ma 2004, ua hoʻouna ke Aupuni o India i nā RFI mua i ʻehā mau mokulele: French Dassault Aviation, American Lockheed Martin, Russian RAC MiG a me Swedish Saab. Hāʻawi ka Farani i ka Mirage 2000-5 fighter, nā ʻAmelika i ka F-16 Block 50+/52+ Viper, nā Lūkini i ka MiG-29M, a me nā Swedes ka Gripen. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia kahi noi kikoʻī no nā noi (RFP) i ka mahina ʻo Dekemaba 2005 akā ua hoʻopaneʻe ʻia i kekahi mau manawa. Ua hoʻolaha hope ʻia ke kāhea no nā noi ma ʻAukake 28, 2007. I kēia manawa, ua pani ʻo Dassault i ka laina hana Mirage 2000, no laila ʻo kāna hāʻawi hou ʻana no ka mokulele Rafale. Ua hāʻawi ʻo Lockheed Martin i kahi mana hoʻomākaukau kūikawā o ka F-16IN Super Viper no India, e pili ana i nā ʻenehana loea i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka Emirates F-16 Block 60 Desert Falcon. ʻO ka poʻe Lūkini, ua hoʻololi i ka MiG-29M me kahi MiG-35 i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, aʻo nā Swedes i hāʻawi i ka Gripen NG. Eia kekahi, ua hui pū kekahi Eurofighter consortium me Typhoon a me Boeing i ka hoʻokūkū me ka F/A-18IN, ka mana "Indian" o ka F/A-18 Super Hornet.
ʻO ka palena manawa no nā noi ʻo 28 ʻApelila 2008. Ma ke noi ʻana o nā India, lawe mai kēlā me kēia mea hana i kā lākou mokulele (ma ka hapa nui o nā hihia ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho hope ʻia) i India no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e ka Air Force. I ka wā o ka loiloi loea, i pau i ka Mei 27, 2009, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Rafal mai ka pae hou aʻe o ka hoʻokūkū, akā ma hope o ka pepa a me ka hana diplomatic, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻo ia. I ʻAukake 2009, hoʻomaka nā hoʻokolohua lele ma Bangalore, Karnataka, ma ke kahua wao nahele ʻo Jaisalmer ma Rajasthan a ma ke kumu mauna ʻo Leh ma ka ʻāina ʻo Ladakh. Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka Rafale i ka hopena o Kepakemapa.
