He aha ka mīkini ʻaha hoʻouluulu SKD
Nā mea
Ua maʻa ka poʻe maʻamau i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mea hoʻoili kaʻa hou i kēia manawa e ʻākoakoa wale paha i nā kaʻa hou, a i ʻole nā poʻe e kōkua iā ia, e hoʻohuli ana i ka "skeleton" o ke kino i kaʻa holoʻokoʻa. Aia kekahi manaʻo he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻākoakoa piha ʻana, no ka mea, kāpae loa nā ʻenehana i kēia mau lā i ka hui ʻana, ma mua o ka mea a ke kanaka (ʻaʻole lākou i kī, poina e hoʻouka i kahi ʻāpana, kau i kahi ʻāpana obliquely)
I ka wā e pili ana i nā kaʻa ʻoi loa, lohe mākou i kahi mea e like me ka "ʻaha hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo". A laila, e noʻonoʻo mākou i ka mea o ka hui SKD, pehea a me kahi e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻāpana hoʻā o nā kaʻa.
He aha ke ʻano o ka hui screw? Ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ia hui e hōʻike ana i kahi kaʻina o ka hui SKD o nā kaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia i ka conveyor. No ka laʻana, ma ka ʻāina kahi e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ai ke kaʻa a kūʻai ʻia, hoʻouna ka mea hana i nā ʻāpana hui nui e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ma ka hale hui.
Nā manaʻo o ka ʻaha
Aia he ʻelua ʻano o nā ʻāpana hoʻohewa.
- ʻO Semi Knocked Down (huahana semi-disassembled);
- Сomplete Knock Down (hui o ka mīkini mīkini disassembled).
SKD
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hana SKD no kekahi manawa lōʻihi i nā ʻāina he nui o ka honua, e like me ka CIS. ʻO kēia ʻano hana, ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi pahu kaʻa i ka mea kanu hui, me ka ʻole o nā huila, ka huila a me nā puka, hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana hope loa ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻia o ka helu ma nā dute, no ka mea ʻaʻole komo ka ʻāina i kahi piha. kaʻa hoʻokele ponoʻī, akā he "hoʻolālā" nui-anakahi.
ʻO kahi laʻana: ma ka hale kaʻa BMW, i kēlā me kēia ma Bavaria, ua ʻākoakoa kahi kaʻa, ma hope o ka hemo ʻana (nā puka, ka mana a me nā unuhi, lawe ʻia nā puka), hāʻawi ʻia kēia pūʻulu i ka mea kanu hui ʻo Avtotor Kaliningrad a he huahana i pau. i loaʻa mai ka mea lawe. Ma muli o ka hoʻemi ʻia o ka helu dute a me ka hana haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka uku o nā kaʻa hana ʻē i kou ʻāina.
CKD
Hōʻike kēia ʻano hui ʻaʻole wale i ka hui modular a me ka hana wili, akā ka hui pū ʻana o ke kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ka kuʻihao o nā panina i hoʻopau ʻia. Ma aneʻi e paʻi ʻia nā panela, wili ʻia, pena ʻia a paʻa loa ke kaʻa.
ʻO ka manaʻo o kēia ʻano ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui o ke kumukūʻai o ke kaʻa, ʻoiai ua ʻākoakoa ʻia i kou ʻāina. ʻO kahi laʻana: ma ka mea kanu Lūkini ma Kaluga aia kahi mea kanu ʻo Volkswagen piha, kahi e ʻākoakoa ai nā kaʻa mai kahi ʻōpala. I ka hopena, loaʻa kahi huahana i ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka analogue like mai Kelemania.
Kaʻina ʻākoakoa kaʻa
ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hui o kahi hui nui o kahi kaʻa e like me kēia:
- Hāʻawi ʻia nā mīkini mīkini i ka mea kanu hui a hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka ʻākoakoa aʻe.
- Hele ke kino ma waena o nā diagnostics ʻike maka no ka pohō.
- Hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kino mai ka pale i ka mea lawe, a wehe ʻia a hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā mea.
- Hana ʻia ke kaʻina o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻāpana i nā wahi kūpono: nā mea hoʻopaʻa, nā ea, nā mea hoʻonani i nā wahi like ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana hoʻomaha ma kahi paepae kūikawā kahi e kau ai ka ʻōnaehana paʻa i ka chassis.
- A laila pili ke kino i ka chassis, mālama ʻia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "male". ʻO ke kaʻina hana ka paʻakikī loa a me ke kuleana, akā hāʻawi ʻia ia i ka manawa kūpono.
- I kēia manawa ua pili nā pilina āpau, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā laina kaomi a me nā paipu, ua nānā ʻia ka paʻa, a ma hope e piha nā kaʻa i nā wai ʻenehana.
- ʻO ka pae hope loa ka mana maikaʻi o ka hui. I ka CIS, kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ke keʻena mana maikaʻi, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōnaehana kaʻa āpau ma aneʻi, ʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi o ka hui ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana uila. ʻO ke kaʻa mai ka laina hui e hele i kahi ala kūikawā, kahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hoʻokele kūlohelohe ma nā ʻano like ʻole i mea e hōʻoia ai e hana ana nā ʻāpana a me nā hui.
Lawe ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo loa ma ka paʻa o ke kino a me ka maikaʻi o nā pena pena, i kapa ʻia ʻo "wai".
Āhea hoʻohana ʻia ʻo SKD a CKD paha?
Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi a i ʻole ʻano ʻākoakoa i ʻelua mau hihia:
- hoʻemi i ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana hope loa no nā ʻāina kūʻai ʻē aʻe;
- hoʻonui i ka palapala honua o ka hana;
- no ka ʻāina hōʻiliʻili, he mau hana hou kēia a me nā hoʻopukapuka hou.
Nā nīnau a me nā pane:
Pehea ka hui ana o na kaa? Aia ia i ka mea hana kaʻa - loaʻa i kēlā me kēia me kāna laina hui ponoʻī. ʻO ka mua, ua hui ʻia ka chassis. A laila hoʻopili ʻia nā mea kino. Eia kekahi, i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kaʻa ma ka conveyor, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau a me nā hui i loko.
He aha ka mea i komo i ka hui o ke kaʻa? Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā mea hana kaʻa iā SKD. ʻO kēia ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā mīkini mākaukau, nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻōnaehana i ka chassis. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau pahu i kahi o ka hui ʻana i nā pahu ʻokoʻa a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma mua o ka hui ʻana o ke kaʻa.
ʻEhia ka nui o ke kaʻa ma ka hale hana? Pili ia i nā kikoʻī o ka conveyor. Hoʻohana ʻo Toyota i 29 mau hola ma kēia kaʻina hana, Nissan - 29, Honda - 31, GM - 32. Akā ke hele mau nei ke kino i kahi kaʻina hana lōʻihi o ka galvanizing a me ka pena, no laila lawe ʻia ka hui mai hoʻokahi pule a hoʻokahi mahina.
