He aha ka minibus?

ʻO kahi minibus kahi kaʻa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe ka ākea a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lumi me nā lālani o nā noho ʻelua. ʻO ka nui o nā noho, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka 16. ʻO ka nui a me nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu e ʻae i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa no nā lele. ʻO ke kumu no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā minibus ka chassis o nā kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​kalaka.

Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā minivans i kēia ʻano kaʻa. Aia ka ʻokoʻa nui i ka helu o nā lālani o nā noho, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka minivan ma mua o ʻekolu a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka minibus.

Ke koi nui ʻia nei kēia hiʻohiʻona ʻaʻole wale ma nā halihali ohua maʻamau, akā ma nā ʻoihana loea like ʻole, e laʻa me nā ambulances, nā keʻena hoʻokolohua, nā ʻano kūkulu like ʻole a me nā wahi hoʻoponopono.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā minibus

ʻEkolu ʻano nui o nā minibus:

1. Kuhiʻo ia ka ʻano i makemake nui ʻia. ʻO ka hana nui o kēia minibus ka lawe ʻana i nā ohua. Hiki ke hoʻolako ʻia i ke kaʻa me kahi ʻoluʻolu o loko a me nā mea like ʻole no kahi huakaʻi hōʻoluʻolu. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, he hoʻolālā nani ko kēia mau hiʻohiʻona no ka waho a me ka loko. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, lako lākou me kahi anakahi uila e hoʻomōhala i kahi wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. Hana ʻia nā mana hou o nā minibus ohua me nā kūlana huakaʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

2. ʻAno ukana maʻamau no ka lawe ʻana i nā puke o nā waiwai like ʻole. ʻO ke kumu, manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano no ka lawe ʻana o nā lele intracity a me nā interregional. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke keʻena ukana e nā nui a me nā nui. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia ʻano mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ka nele o nā noho kaʻa kaʻa (koe wale no ke keʻena). ʻO ka hiki ke halihali ʻia ma ka awelika ʻelua tone. Hāʻawi ʻia nā puka ʻaoʻao a me hope no ka hoʻouka ukana. Me kahi ukana kaumaha, hoʻomohala kahi minibus ukana i kahi wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 100 km / h ma muli o ka ʻike ʻenehana maikaʻi. He kūlana hōʻoluʻolu maikaʻi kā ka cabs a ua hoʻolālā ʻia no ka noho o ka mea hoʻokele a hoʻokahi a me ʻelua mau kaʻa kaʻa.

3. Mea hoʻohana minibus Hoʻolālā ʻia no ka lawe like ʻana o nā kaʻa a me nā ukana. Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia ʻano ma ke kumu o nā kaʻa a me nā chassis kaʻa. ʻO ke kumu, ua hoʻolako ʻia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona me kahi ʻoluʻolu o loko, kahi ʻenekini waiwai a me kahi mana maikaʻi loa o ka ʻeke ukana. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻano "hui" no ka lawe ukana, neʻe, haʻalele i nā hui hoʻoponopono, a me nā huakaʻi ʻoihana a me nā hanana like ʻole.

4. Ke ʻano kahiko hōʻike ʻia me kahi kino i hana ʻia i ka hao paʻa, a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 9 mau ohua. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻūlū ukana e kahi mana nui a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka lumi o nā mea kaʻa. Hōʻike ʻia ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa ukana-ukana i kēia palapala, akā me ka ulu holomua kekahi mau ʻano hou e hoʻopili i ka immobility o ka paku i waena o nā compartments a hoʻoponopono i ka helu o nā noho a me ka nui ukana.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā minibus

ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o kahi minibus he 16 mau noho, aia ma nā lālani ʻelua a hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā mea kaʻa ma kahi mamao ʻē aʻe (nā kauhale a me nā lele waena).

Loaʻa i kahi minibus ukana he 9 mau noho. Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, aia nā noho he 3 ma ke kaʻa o ke kaʻa, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā koena he 6 e nā noho he 3 i nā lālani longitudinal / transverse o nā kino.

Ka palena o ka nui o nā noho i loko o kahi minibus ukana, hoʻolako ʻia nā noho ma ke keʻena wale nō, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, hoʻokahi noho hoʻokele a ʻelua mau noho kaʻahele e kokoke ana.

Nā mea hana nui o nā minibus

Ke komo nei kahi helu nui o nā ʻoihana kaʻa i ka hana o nā minibus. ʻO nā mea hana nui e like me nā inoa kaulana e like me Kelemania Mercedes-Benz, Opel a me Volkswagen, American Ford, ʻItalia Fiat, Palani Citroen a me Renault. ʻO nā mea hana ʻEulopa i makemake nui ʻia, waiwai nui nā minibus ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa ma muli o kā lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka maikaʻi, ka hilinaʻi a me ka palekana.

Ua noho lōʻihi ʻo Mercedes ma mua o ka mākeke kūwaho no ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā kaʻa wale nō, akā me nā minibus hoʻi. He kuleana kūikawā ka ʻohana Mercedes-Benz Sprinter, ua hoʻomaka ka kaʻa mua i ka hoʻomaka ma 1995. Loaʻa ʻo Sprinter i loko o nā kalaiwa ʻehā a me ka hoʻokele wili hope, a no nā kaʻa ʻoihana liʻiliʻi. He nui a ʻano like ʻole kēia ʻano hoʻohālikelike mai ka halihali maʻamau o ka poʻe kaʻa i ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana.

Ke nānā nui nei ka ʻoihana i ka hoʻokalakupua o nā kaʻa, i ʻike maopopo ʻia i nā ʻano ʻenehana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, i ka hoʻolālā ʻana, i ka hiki ukana, a me nā kūlana i loko o ka lumi, kahi e hōʻoluʻolu ai a me ka maʻalahi. Hāʻawi ka maʻalahi o nā minibus me nā hiki ākea o kēia ʻoihana i ka kuleana nui e noʻonoʻo iā Mercedes-Benz ma ke ʻano he mea hana nui.

Noho ʻo Automaker Opel i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana o nā minibuses. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka moʻolelo ʻo Opel Vivaro i nā hanauna he nui, ʻo ka mea hope loa i hoʻi i 2019. ʻO Opel Zafira ka inoa o ka poʻe kaʻa o ka minibus. Ua lako kēia moʻo me nā kiʻi hoʻolālā maikaʻi. ʻO ke kumu maoli o nā kukui, ka grille a me ka hoʻolālā holoʻokoʻa e kū ai ka Zafira mai ke koena. Akā ua aneane like ka loko me nā hiʻohiʻona o Peugeot a me Toyota, no ka mea, ua hana ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona ma ka waihona hoʻokahi.

ʻO kekahi hui hana Kelemania ʻo Volkswagen, ka mea i hana i nā minibuses mai ka 50s o ke kenekulia i hala. ʻO ka moʻo hiʻohiʻona loa ka Transporter. ʻO ka hanauna hou loa o kēia pūʻulu "hoʻomau i nā manawa". ʻO ka hoʻolālā kaʻa inoa inoa (ʻoi aku ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka bumper, grille a me nā kukui), nā ʻikepili ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻolako ʻana me kahi mīkini ikaika a me ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻouna ʻana a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe o ke kaʻa i koi nui i ka mākeke mai 2015.

ʻO Renault kahi mea hana kaʻa Farani. Ua hoʻomaka ka boom i ka hana ʻana o nā minibuses i ka ʻoihana ma 1981 me ka hiki ʻana mai o ke kumu hoʻohālike Renault Traffic. Hō'ike'ia ke ka'a i nā hanauna he nui,'o ka mea kaulana loa ke kolu o ka hanauna o ka makahiki 2014. Hōʻike ʻia ʻekolu sets. Aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa like ʻole o nā ʻenekini, a me kahi koho o ka lōʻihi o ke kino a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā ʻenekini e pili ana i ka mīkini 1.6-lita dCi e like me ka hiki ke hoʻokele. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hiʻohiʻona nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hana me nā ʻenehana hou e hana i ka hōʻoluʻolu.

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Ford ke alakaʻi i ka hana o nā minibus. Ke hana nei i nā minibus, alakaʻi ʻia ka ʻoihana e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e pono ke kaʻa pono, maʻalahi a palekana hoʻi, ʻoiai he ʻano hana kēia ʻano kaʻa. Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻohana Ford Transit i ka hoʻomaka ma 1960 a pili mau i kēia lā. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mamana hou i loaʻa i ka ʻikepili loea maikaʻi loa, like ka hoʻolālā kūloko me nā kaʻa kaʻa o waho o ka ʻoihana. Hoʻolālā manaʻo maikaʻi a hana i nā kūlana no ka hōʻoluʻolu o nā mea kaʻa a me ka mea kalaiwa, a me kahi ʻenekini hoʻokele waiwai e hoʻolilo ai i nā minibus Ford i koho maikaʻi loa.

Ua kaulana ka hui kaʻa Citroen i ka mākeke me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka SpaceTourer ma 2016. Hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau mana me nā ʻano ʻenekini like ʻole "no kēlā me kēia ʻono a me nā kala". Hoʻolakoʻia ka mīkini me ka hoʻokomoʻana i nā kūlanaʻoluʻolu e pili ana i nāʻenehana hou. Hōʻike kēia ʻano hiʻohiʻona i nā mana he nui, aia kēlā me kēia me kona mau hiʻohiʻona a me ke kumukūʻai.

Mai ka 1980s, ua hoʻokuʻu ka mea hana kaʻa Italia ʻo Fiat i ka hanauna mua o ka Fiat Ducato, kahi minibus me ka hiki ke lawe ukana. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hanauna ʻekolu i hoʻonui ʻia i ka makahiki 2006 a ke ola mau nei. I ke kaʻina o nā hoʻololi he nui, loaʻa i ke kaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o waho a me ka ʻikepili ʻenehana i loko o kahi mīkini ikaika a hoʻonui i ka uku. He nui nā koho hoʻonohonoho kaʻa - mai kahi minibus kaʻa a i kahi ukana.

Nā nīnau a me nā pane:

He aha nā hōʻailona o nā minibuses ma laila? Aneane nā mea hana kaʻa kaulana a pau e hana i nā minibuses. Ma ka papa inoa o nā hōʻailona: Citroen, Dodge, Fiat, Ford, GMC, Mercedes, Honda, Nissan, etc.

He aha ka lei hilinaʻi loa? ʻO Mercedes Sprinter ka mea kaulana i waena o nā kaʻa. Akā ʻo ka Volkswagen Transporter ua manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi, palekana a loaʻa kahi uku maikaʻi.

He aha ka inoa o ka minibus kalepa? Kapa ʻia kēia mau kaʻa he kaʻa. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi hana metala āpau a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e lawe i nā kaʻa (pono ke kau inoa hou ʻana o ke kaʻa).