He aha inā ... hoʻoponopono mākou i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ma ka physics. Ke kali nei nā mea a pau i kahi manaʻo e hiki ʻole ke hele mai

He aha ka mea e hāʻawi mai iā mākou i ka pane i nā mea pohihihi e like me ka mea ʻeleʻele a me ka ikehu ʻeleʻele, ka mea pohihihi o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ke ʻano o ka umekaumaha, ka pono o ka mea ma luna o ka antimatter, ke kuhikuhi o ka manawa, ka hui ʻana o ka umekaumaha me nā pilina kino ʻē aʻe. , ka hui nui ana o na ikaika o ke ano i hookahi kumu, a hiki i ka mea i kapaia theory of everything ?

Wahi a Einstein a me nā mea physicists koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe o kēia wā, ʻo ka pahuhopu o ka physics ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i ke kumumanaʻo o nā mea āpau (TV). Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo ka manaʻo o ia ʻano manaʻo. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ke kumumanaʻo o nā mea āpau, ʻo ToE kahi manaʻo kino hypothetical e wehewehe mau i nā mea āpau hanana kino a hiki iā ʻoe ke wānana i ka hopena o kekahi hoʻokolohua. I kēia mau lā, hoʻohana mau ʻia kēia huaʻōlelo e wehewehe i nā manaʻo e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻopili me kumumanaʻo laulaha o ka pili aloha. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe o kēia mau manaʻo i loaʻa i ka hōʻoia hoʻokolohua.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka manaʻo kiʻekiʻe loa i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ia ʻo TW ma muli o ke kumu holographic. 11-dimensional M-manaʻo. ʻAʻole i kūkulu ʻia a manaʻo ʻia e ka poʻe he alakaʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma mua o ka manaʻo maoli.

He nui ka poʻe ʻepekema kānalua i kahi mea e like me ka "manaʻo o nā mea āpau" hiki ke hiki, a ma ke ʻano kumu loa, e pili ana i ka loiloi. ʻO ke kumukānāwai o Kurt Gödel ʻōlelo ʻo ia ʻaʻole i kūlike nā ʻōnaehana loiloi kūpono i loko (hiki i kekahi ke hōʻoia i kahi ʻōlelo a me kona kūʻē ʻana i loko) a i ʻole piha ʻole (he mau ʻōlelo ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia). Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Stanley Jackie i ka makahiki 1966 he manaʻo makemakika paʻakikī a paʻakikī ʻo TW, no laila ʻaʻole e pau.

Aia kahi ala kūikawā, kumu a me ka manaʻo o ke kumumanaʻo o nā mea āpau. kuhiakau holographic (1), ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana i kahi hoʻolālā ʻokoʻa iki. ʻO ka physics o nā lua ʻeleʻele e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole ko ke ao holoʻokoʻa ka mea a ko mākou naʻau e haʻi mai ai iā mākou. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻopuni nei iā mākou hiki ke lilo i hologram, ʻo ia hoʻi. ke kuhi ʻana o ka mokulele ʻelua. Pili pū kēia i ko Gödel theorem pono'ī. Akā ʻo ia ʻano manaʻo o nā mea āpau e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia, hiki anei iā mākou ke kū i nā pilikia o ka moʻomeheu?

E wehewehe i ke ao holoʻokoʻa. Akā, he aha ke ao holoʻokoʻa?

Loaʻa iā mākou i kēia manawa ʻelua mau manaʻo nui e wehewehe i nā ʻano ʻano kino āpau: ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ka'umekaumaha a Einstein (kaulike nui) i. Hōʻike maikaʻi ka mua i ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea macro, mai nā pōpō pōpeku a i nā galaxies. ʻike nui ʻo ia i nā ʻātoma a me nā ʻāpana subatomic. ʻO ia ka pilikia ʻO kēia mau manaʻo ʻelua e wehewehe i ko mākou honua ma nā ʻano ʻokoʻa loa. I loko o ka quantum mechanics, hana ʻia nā hanana ma kahi kūlana paʻa. hakahaka-manawa – oiai w hiki ke loli. He aha ke ʻano o ke kumumanaʻo quantum o curved space-time? ʻAʻole mākou ʻike.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo mua e hana i kahi manaʻo hui o nā mea āpau i ʻike koke ʻia ma hope koke o ka paʻi ʻana kumumanaʻo laulaha o ka pili alohama mua o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kānāwai kumu e hoʻokele ai i nā pūʻali nuklea. ʻO kēia mau manaʻo, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Kaluzi-Klein theory, ʻimi e hoʻohui i ka umekaumaha me ka electromagnetism.

No nā makahiki he ʻumi, ʻo ka manaʻo string, e hōʻike ana i ka mea i hana ʻia nā kaula haʻalulu liʻiliʻi ole ka puka ikehu, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻana ka manaʻo lokahi o ka physics. Akā naʻe, makemake kekahi poʻe physicists i kumekaumaha loop noho uweakahi i hana ʻia ai i waho me nā puka lou liʻiliʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo ʻia ka manaʻo string a me ka loop quantum gravity.

ʻO nā manaʻo hoʻohui nui (GUTs), ka hui pū ʻana i nā chromodynamics quantum a me ke kumumanaʻo o nā pilina electroweak, e hōʻike ana i ka pilina ikaika, nāwaliwali a me ka electromagnetic e like me ka hōʻike ʻana o kahi pilina hoʻokahi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kekahi o nā manaʻo hui nui mua i ka hōʻoia hoʻokolohua. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka manaʻo nui unified ka wānana o ka pala o ka proton. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia kēia kaʻina hana. Ma muli o kēia, pono ke ola o kahi proton ma kahi o 1032 mau makahiki.

Ua hoʻohui ka 1968 Standard Model i nā ikaika ikaika, nāwaliwali, a me nā mana electromagnetic ma lalo o hoʻokahi umbrella overarching. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau a me kā lākou pili ʻana, a ua nui nā wānana hou i hana ʻia, me kahi wānana hui nui. Ma nā ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ma ke kauoha o 100 GeV (ka ikehu e pono ai e hoʻolōʻihi i ka electron hoʻokahi i kahi hiki o 100 billion volts), e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka symmetry e hoʻohui i ka electromagnetic a me nā ikaika nāwaliwali.

Ua wānana ʻia ke ola ʻana o nā mea hou, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā boson W a me Z i ka makahiki 1983, ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia mau wānana. Ua hoʻemi ʻia nā pūʻali nui ʻehā i ʻekolu. ʻO ka manaʻo ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana ʻo ia ka hui ʻana o nā mana ʻekolu o ka Model Standard, a ʻoi aku paha ka ʻoi aku o ka ikaika o ka umekaumaha, i hoʻokahi hale.

2. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike Langrange e wehewehe ana i ke Ana Hoʻohālike, i māhele ʻia i ʻelima mau ʻāpana.

Ua manaʻo kekahi ma nā ikaika kiʻekiʻe aʻe, a puni paha Pālākiō Planck, e hui pū ka umekaumaha. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka manaʻo string. ʻO ka mea hoihoi loa e pili ana i kēia mau manaʻo, inā makemake mākou i ka hui ʻana, pono mākou e hoʻihoʻi i ka symmetry i nā ikaika kiʻekiʻe. A inā nahā lākou i kēia manawa, alakaʻi ia i kahi mea e ʻike ʻia, nā mea hou a me nā pilina hou.

ʻO ka Lagrangian o ke Ke Ana Hoʻohālike ʻo ia wale nō ka hoohalike e wehewehe ana i nā ʻāpana i ka mana o ke Ke Ana Hoʻohālike (2). He ʻelima mau ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa: e pili ana i nā gluons ma ka ʻāpana 1 o ka hoʻohālikelike, nā bosons nāwaliwali i ka ʻāpana i kaha ʻia me ʻelua, i kaha ʻia me ʻekolu, he wehewehe makemakika o ka pili ʻana o ka mea me ka ikaika nāwaliwali a me ke kahua Higgs, nā ʻāpana ʻuhane e unuhi. ka oi o ka mahinaai Higgs ma na hapa o ka ha, a me na uhane i hoakakaia malalo o elima Fadeev-Popove pili ana i ka redundancy o ka launa nawaliwali. ʻAʻole mālama ʻia ka nui o Neutrino.

ʻOiai ʻO ke kūlana kūlike hiki iā mākou ke kākau iā ia ma ke ʻano hoʻokahi hoʻohālikelike, ʻaʻole ia he holoʻokoʻa homogeneous ma ke ʻano he nui nā ʻōlelo kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa e hoʻokele ana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke ao holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole pili nā ʻāpana o ka Standard Model i kekahi i kekahi, no ka mea, ʻaʻole pili ke kala kala i nā pilina electromagnetic a nāwaliwali, a ʻaʻole i pane ʻia nā nīnau no ke aha e hana ai nā pilina e pono ai, no ka laʻana, CP violation i nā pilina ikaika, ʻaʻole hana. mālama ʻia.

Ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā symmetries (ma ka piko o ka hiki), hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka haki ʻana o ka symmetry ma lalo loa e kūlike me ke ao holoʻokoʻa i loaʻa iā mākou i kēia lā, me nā ʻano mea nui hou. No laila he aha "mai loko o nā mea a pau" e pono ai kēia manaʻo? ʻO ka mea ʻo ia, ʻo ia. he honua asymmetric maoli, a i ʻole hoʻokahi a symmetrical, akā ʻaʻole ka mea a mākou e hana nei.

ʻO ka nani hoʻopunipuni o nā hiʻohiʻona "piha".

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Lars English, ma The No Theory of Everything, ʻaʻohe hoʻonohonoho o nā lula e hiki ai hoʻohui i ka pilina maʻamau me ka mechanics quantumno ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka pae kuantum ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka umekaumaha. A ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōnaehana, ʻoi aku ka ʻokoʻa mai kāna mau mea hoʻohui. "ʻO ka manaʻo ʻaʻole ʻo kēia mau lula o ka gravity e kūʻē i ka quantum mechanics, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou mai ka quantum physics," kākau ʻo ia.

ʻO ka ʻepekema āpau, me ka manaʻo a ʻaʻole paha, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke kumu o ko lākou ola ʻana. nā kānāwai kinoʻo ia ka mea e pili ana i kahi pūʻulu like like o nā postulates kino kumu e wehewehe ana i ke ʻano o ke ao kino a me nā mea a pau i loko. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole pili kēia ʻano manaʻo i ka wehewehe piha ʻana a i ʻole ka wehewehe ʻana i nā mea a pau e noho nei, akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wehewehe ʻana i nā kaʻina hana kino āpau. ʻO ke kūpono, ʻo kekahi o nā pōmaikaʻi koke o ia hoʻomaopopo ʻana iā TW ʻo ia ka hoʻōki ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua kahi e wānana ai ke kumumanaʻo i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā physicists e ho'ōki i ka noiʻi ʻana a hana i ke aʻo ola, ʻaʻole ka noiʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole manaʻo ka lehulehu inā hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ka ikaika o ka ʻumekaumaha ma ke ʻano o ka curvature o ka manawa.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe - ʻaʻole e hui like ka Universe. ʻO nā symmetries a mākou i hōʻea ai, ʻo kā mākou hana makemakika wale nō a ʻaʻole wehewehe i ke ao kino.

Ma kahi ʻatikala kiʻekiʻe no Nautil.Us, ʻo Sabina Hossenfelder (3), he kanaka ʻepekema ma ka Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Study, ua loiloi ʻo "ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa o kahi kumumanaʻo o nā mea āpau e pili ana i kahi manaʻo ʻepekema ʻole." "ʻAʻole kēia ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻepekema ʻepekema. (…) ʻO ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka nani i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻepekema i hana maikaʻi ʻole. I kona manaʻo, ʻaʻohe kumu e wehewehe ʻia ai ke ʻano e ka manaʻo o nā mea āpau. ʻOiai mākou e pono ai i ka quantum theory of gravity e pale aku i ka logical inconsistency i loko o nā kānāwai o ke ʻano, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā pūʻali o ka Model Standard a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohui ʻia me ka gravity. He mea maikaʻi, ʻae, akā ʻaʻole pono. Hana maikaʻi ke kumu hoʻohālike maʻamau me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana, hoʻoikaika ka mea noiʻi. ʻAʻole mālama ka Nature i ka manaʻo o ka physicists i ka makemakika nani, wahi a Ms. Hossenfelder me ka huhū. I ka physics, ua pili nā breakthroughs i ka hoʻomohala ʻana me ka hoʻonā o ka makemakika inconsistencies, ʻaʻole me nā hiʻohiʻona nani a "hoʻopau".

ʻOiai kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻo ʻana, ke waiho mau ʻia nei nā manaʻo hou no ke kumumanaʻo o nā mea āpau, e like me Garrett Lisi's The Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything, i paʻi ʻia ma 2007. Loaʻa iā ia ka hiʻohiʻona a Prof. Nani ʻo Hossenfelder a hiki ke hōʻike nani ʻia me nā hiʻohiʻona nani (4). ʻO kēia kumumanaʻo, i kapa ʻia ʻo E8, ʻōlelo ʻo ke kī i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ao holoʻokoʻa mea makemakika ma ke ʻano o ka rosette symmetrical.

Ua hana ʻo Lisi i kēia ʻano hana ma ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa ma ka pakuhi e noʻonoʻo pū ana i nā pilina kino i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka hopena, he ʻano makemakika ʻewalu-dimensional paʻakikī o 248 mau helu. Hōʻike kēlā me kēia mau kiko i nā ʻāpana me nā waiwai like ʻole. Aia kekahi pūʻulu o nā ʻāpana i ke kiʻikuhi me kekahi mau waiwai i "nalo". Ma ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi o kēia mau mea "nalo" pili i ka ʻumekaumaha, e hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka mechanics quantum a me ka relativity maʻamau.

4. ʻO ka manaʻo hiʻohiʻona E8

No laila pono nā physicists e hana e hoʻopiha i ka "Fox socket". Inā lanakila, pehea ka hopena? He nui ka poʻe e pane ʻaʻohe mea kūikawā. He kiʻi nani wale nō e hoʻopau ʻia. Hiki ke waiwai kēia hana ma kēia ʻano, ʻoiai e hōʻike ana iā mākou i nā hopena maoli o ka hoʻopau ʻana i kahi "manaʻo o nā mea āpau". He mea ʻole paha ma ke ʻano hana.