He ʻumi makahiki ma hope ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike i ka wā

No ka mea ʻike ʻole i heluhelu i ka pūʻulu o nā puke e pili ana i nā kamepiula quantum, hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa ka manaʻo he mau mīkini "off-the-shelf" kēia e hana like me nā kamepiula maʻamau. ʻAʻohe mea hiki ke hewa. Manaʻo kekahi ʻaʻohe kamepiula quantum i kēia manawa. A noʻonoʻo kekahi i ka mea e hoʻohana ʻia ai lākou, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻolālā ʻia e pani i nā ʻōnaehana zero-one.

Lohe pinepine mākou e ʻike ʻia nā kamepiula quantum mua maoli a hana pono i loko o kahi ʻumi makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, e like me kā Linley Gwennap, ka mea loiloi nui ma ka Linley Group, i ʻōlelo ai ma ka ʻatikala, "ke ʻōlelo ka poʻe e ʻike ʻia kahi kamepiula quantum i nā makahiki he ʻumi, ʻaʻole lākou ʻike i ka wā e hiki mai ai."

ʻOiai kēia kūlana pohihihi, ka lewa o ka hoʻokūkū no ka mea i kapa ʻia. ka mana nui. No ka hopohopo e pili ana i ka hana quantum a me ka kūleʻa o ka poʻe Kina, ua hoʻoholo ke aupuni US i ka lā Dekemaba i hala i ka National Quantum Initiative Act (1). Ua manaʻo ʻia ka palapala e hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo federal no ka noiʻi, hoʻomohala, hōʻike, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka quantum computing a me nā ʻenehana. I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi, e hoʻolilo ke aupuni ʻAmelika i nā piliona e kūkulu ana i nā ʻōnaehana computing quantum, nā kaiaola, a me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kānaka. ʻO nā mea hoʻomohala nui āpau o nā kamepiula quantum - D-Wave, Honeywell, IBM, Intel, IonQ, Microsoft a me Rigetti, a me nā mea hana o quantum algorithms 1QBit a me Zapata i hoʻokipa i kēia. National Quantum Initiative.

Nā Paionia D-WAve

I ka makahiki 2007, ua hoʻokomo ʻo D-Wave Systems i kahi chip 128-qubit (2), kapa ʻia ka lolouila quantum mua loa o ka honua. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea maopopo inā hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ia - ʻo kāna hana wale nō i hōʻike ʻia, me ka ʻole o nā kikoʻī o kāna hana. I ka makahiki 2009, ua kūkulu ʻo D-Wave Systems i kahi ʻenekini huli kiʻi "quantum" no Google. I Mei 2011, ua loaʻa iā Lockheed Martin kahi kamepiula quantum mai D-Wave Systems. ʻO ka nalu D hoʻokahi no $ 10 miliona, ʻoiai e kau inoa ana i kahi ʻaelike makahiki he nui no kāna hana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā algorithm pili.

Ma 2012, ua hōʻike kēia mīkini i ke kaʻina hana o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka molela protein helical me ka ikehu haʻahaʻa. Hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi mai D-Wave Systems i nā ʻōnaehana me nā helu like ʻole qubits, hana i kekahi mau helu makemakika, a o kekahi o ia mau mea i oi loa aku mamua o ka hiki o na lolouila kahiko. Eia naʻe, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2014, ua paʻi ʻo John Smolin lāua ʻo Graham Smith i kahi ʻatikala e ʻōlelo ana ʻaʻole he mīkini ka mīkini D-Wave Systems. Ma hope koke iho, hōʻike ʻo Physics of Nature i nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua e hōʻike ana i ka D-Wave One ...

ʻO kekahi hoʻokolohua ma Iune 2014 ʻaʻole i hōʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi kamepiula maʻamau a me kahi mīkini D-Wave Systems, akā ua pane ka hui ua ʻike wale ʻia ka ʻokoʻa no nā hana ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o nā mea i hoʻoholo ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2017, ua hōʻike ka hui i kahi mīkini e like me ka 2 tausani kubitiʻO ia ka 2500 manawa ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o nā algorithms classical wikiwiki loa. A eia hou, ʻelua mahina ma hope mai, ua hōʻoia kekahi hui ʻepekema ʻaʻole pololei kēia hoʻohālikelike. No ka poʻe kānalua he nui, ʻaʻole nā ​​kamepiula quantum nā ʻōnaehana D-Wave, akā ʻo kā lākou hoʻohālike me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kuʻuna.

Ke hoʻohana nei ka ʻōnaehana D-Wave ʻehā quantum annealingsa ua ʻike ʻia nā mokuʻāina o kahi qubit e ka superconducting quantum circuits (e pili ana i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Josephson junctions). Hana lākou i kahi kaiapuni kokoke i ka zero a kaena i kahi ʻōnaehana o 2048 qubits. I ka hopena o 2018, ua hoʻokomo ʻo D-Wave i ka mākeke JOKOA, ʻo ia hoʻi kāu kaiapuni noi quantum manawa maoli (KAE). Hiki i ka hoʻonā kapua ke hiki i nā mea kūʻai aku o waho ke komo i ka computing quantum i ka manawa maoli.

I Pepeluali 2019, hoʻolaha ʻo D-Wave i ka hanauna e hiki mai ana  Pegasus. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo ia "ka ʻōnaehana quantum pāʻoihana nui loa o ka honua" me ʻumikūmālima pili i kēlā me kēia qubit ma kahi o ʻeono, me ma luna o 5 qubits a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa leo ma kahi pae i ʻike ʻole ʻia. Pono e kūʻai ʻia ka mea hana ma ka waena o ka makahiki aʻe.

Qubits, a i ʻole superpositions me ka entanglement

Ke hilinaʻi nei nā mea hana lolouila maʻamau i nā ʻeke a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻike, e hōʻike ana kēlā me kēia i hoʻokahi pane ʻae a ʻaʻole paha. ʻOkoʻa nā mea hana kuantum. ʻAʻole lākou hana i kahi honua ʻole hoʻokahi. iwi kuʻekuʻe lima, ʻo ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ka ʻike quantum ka ʻōnaehana ʻelua-dimensional i wehewehe ʻia Hilbert wahi. No laila, ʻokoʻa ia mai ka beat maʻamau i hiki ke komo i loko kekahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe ʻelua kūlana quantum. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ke kumu hoʻohālike kino o kahi qubit ma ke ʻano he laʻana o kahi ʻāpana me ka milo ½, e like me ka electron, a i ʻole ka polarization o kahi photon hoʻokahi.

No ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana o nā qubits, pono ʻoe e hoʻopili iā lākou ma o kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia hilahila. Me kēlā me kēia qubit i hoʻohui ʻia, ka mana hana o ka processor pālua ʻoe iho, no ka mea ua hui pū ʻia ka helu o nā entanglement me ka entanglement o kahi qubit hou me nā mokuʻāina āpau i loaʻa i ka processor (3). Akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā qubits a laila e haʻi iā lākou e hana i nā helu paʻakikī. Noho lākou ʻoluʻolu loa i nā mana o wahohiki ke alakaʻi i nā hewa helu helu a, i ka hihia maikaʻi loa, i ka palaho o nā qubits entangled, i.e. decoherenceʻo ia ka hōʻino maoli o nā ʻōnaehana quantum. Ke hoʻohui ʻia nā qubits hou aʻe, piʻi aʻe nā hopena ʻino o nā mana o waho. ʻO kahi ala e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia pilikia ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hou aku qubits "KA MANA"ʻO kāna hana wale nō ke nānā a hoʻoponopono i ka hopena.

3. Hōʻike hōʻailona o ka ʻōnaehana 50-qubit IBM

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai nā kamepiula quantum ʻoi aku ka ikaika, pono no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia paʻakikī, e like me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā molekala protein a i ʻole ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā kaʻina hana kino i loko o nā mana. nui qubits. Ua haʻi aku ʻo Tom Watson mai ke Kulanui o Delft ma Netherlands i ka BBC News:

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I ka pōkole, inā e haʻalele nā ​​kamepiula quantum, pono ʻoe e hele mai me kahi ala maʻalahi e hana i nā mea hana qubit nui a paʻa.

No ka paʻa ʻole o nā qubits, paʻakikī loa ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana me ka nui o lākou. No laila, inā ʻaʻole i pau nā qubits ma ke ʻano he manaʻo no ka computing quantum, loaʻa i nā ʻepekema kahi ʻokoʻa: qubit quantum gates.

Ua paʻi kahi hui mai ke Kulanui ʻo Purdue i kahi noiʻi ma npj Quantum Information e hōʻike ana i kā lākou hana ʻana. Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēlā kuditsʻAʻole like me nā qubits, hiki iā lākou ke noho i loko o ʻelua mau mokuʻāina—e like me 0, 1, a me 2—a no kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina i hoʻohui ʻia, piʻi ka mana helu o hoʻokahi qudit. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, pono ʻoe e hoʻopili a hana i ka nui o ka ʻike. emi ka hanohano ma mua o nā qubits.

No ka hana ʻana i nā ʻīpuka quantum i loaʻa nā qudits, ua hoʻopili ka hui Purdue i ʻehā qudits i ʻelua mau kiʻi entangled e pili ana i ka pinepine a me ka manawa. Ua koho ka hui i nā kiʻi no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia i ke kaiapuni e like me ka maʻalahi, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kāʻei kapu i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻopili hou ʻana me nā kiʻi liʻiliʻi. He 20 qubits ka mana o ka ʻīpuka i hoʻopau ʻia, ʻoiai he ʻehā qudits wale nō ke koi ʻia, me ke kūpaʻa hou aʻe ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā photons, e lilo ia i ʻōnaehana hoʻohiki no nā kamepiula quantum e hiki mai ana.

ʻO nā pahele silikoni a iʻole ion

ʻOiai ʻaʻole like nā mea a pau i kēia manaʻo, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka silicon no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kamepiula quantum he nui nā pōmaikaʻi, ʻoiai ua hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻenehana silicon a aia kekahi ʻoihana nui e pili ana me ia. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Silicon ma Google a me IBM quantum processors, ʻoiai ua maʻalili i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa i loko o lākou. ʻAʻole ia he mea kūpono no nā ʻōnaehana quantum, akā ke hana nei nā kānaka ʻepekema.

Wahi a kahi paʻi hou ma Nature, ua hoʻohana kekahi hui o nā mea noiʻi i ka ikehu microwave e hoʻolike i ʻelua mau mea electron i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke silika a laila hoʻohana iā lākou e hana i kahi ʻano o nā helu hoʻāʻo. ʻO ka hui, i komo pū kekahi, ʻo nā ʻepekema mai ke Kulanui o Wisconsin-Madison "ua hoʻopaneʻe" i nā qubits uila hoʻokahi i loko o kahi ʻano silicon, ʻo ka wili o ia mea i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka ikehu o ka radiation microwave. Ma kahi superposition, ua hoʻohuli ʻia kahi electron a puni ʻelua koʻi like ʻole. A laila ua hoʻohui ʻia nā qubit ʻelua a ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hana i nā helu hoʻāʻo, a laila hoʻohālikelike nā mea noiʻi i ka ʻikepili i hana ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana me ka ʻikepili i loaʻa mai kahi kamepiula maʻamau e hana ana i nā helu hoʻāʻo like. Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻikepili, kahi programmable ʻelua-bit quantum silicon processor.

ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pākēneka o nā hewa ma mua o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ion traps (nā mea hana i mālama ʻia nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e like me nā ion, electrons, protons no kekahi manawa) a i ʻole kamepiula.  e pili ana i nā superconductors e like me D-Wave, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā qubits mai ka walaʻau waho. ʻIke nā poʻe loea i nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana. A ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke silika, mai kahi ʻenehana a me ka ʻike waiwai, he mea nui ma ʻaneʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, no nā mea noiʻi he nui, ʻaʻole ke silika ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā kamepiula quantum. I Kekemapa i ka makahiki i hala, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻike ua hoʻohana nā ʻenekinia o ka hui ʻAmelika ʻo IonQ i ka ytterbium e hana i ka lolouila quantum hua nui loa o ka honua, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā ʻōnaehana D-Wave a me IBM.

ʻO ka hopena he mīkini i loaʻa hoʻokahi atom i loko o kahi pahele ion (4) hoʻohana i hoʻokahi qubit data no ka hoʻopili ʻana, a mālama ʻia nā qubits a ana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pulse laser kūikawā. He hoʻomanaʻo ko ka lolouila e hiki ke mālama i 160 qubits o ka ʻikepili. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā helu i ka manawa like ma 79 qubits.

4. Papahana o ka pahele IonQ

Ua hana nā kānaka ʻepekema mai IonQ i kahi hoʻokolohua maʻamau o ka mea i kapa ʻia Bernstein-Vaziraniego algorithm. ʻO ka hana a ka mīkini ʻo ke koho ʻana i kahi helu ma waena o 0 a me 1023. Lawe nā kamepiula kahiko i ʻumikūmākahi koho no kahi helu 10-bit. Hoʻohana nā lolouila Quantum i ʻelua ala e koho ai i ka hopena me ka 100% maopopo. Ma ka hoao mua, ua koho ka IonQ quantum computer i ka awelika o 73% o na helu i haawiia. Ke holo ʻia ka algorithm no kekahi helu ma waena o 1 a me 1023, ʻo ka helu kūleʻa no kahi kamepiula maʻamau ʻo 0,2%, aʻo IonQ ʻo 79%.

Manaʻo ka poʻe loea ʻo IonQ ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōnaehana i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā pahele ion ma mua o nā kamepiula quantum silicon a Google a me nā hui ʻē aʻe e kūkulu nei. ʻO kā lākou 79-qubit matrix ma mua o ka Google's Bristlecone quantum processor e 7 qubits. ʻO ka hopena o ka IonQ he mea ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka ʻōnaehana uptime. Wahi a nā mea hana o ka mīkini, no ka qubit hoʻokahi, noho ia ma 99,97%, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hapa hapa o 0,03%, ʻoiai nā hopena maikaʻi loa o ka hoʻokūkū ma kahi o 0,5%. ʻO ka helu hapa ʻelua-bit no ka mea IonQ pono ma 99,3%, ʻoiai ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻokūkū ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 95%.

Pono e hoʻohui i kēlā, e like me nā mea noiʻi Google quantum supremacy - ke kiko kahi i ʻoi aku ai ka maikaʻi o ka lolouila quantum i nā mīkini ʻē aʻe a pau - hiki ke kiʻi ʻia me kahi kamepiula quantum me 49 qubits, inā ʻo ka hapa hapa o nā ʻīpuka ʻelua-qubit aia ma lalo o 0,5%. Eia nō naʻe, ke kū nei ke ʻano o ka ion trap i ka quantum computing i nā pilikia nui e lanakila ai: ka manawa hoʻokō lohi a me ka nui nui, a me ka pololei a me ka scalability o ka ʻenehana.

Paʻa paʻa o nā ciphers i nā mea ʻino a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe

I Ianuali 2019 ma CES 2019, ua hoʻolaha ʻo IBM CEO Ginni Rometty ua hāʻawi mua ʻo IBM i kahi ʻōnaehana quantum computing no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana. IBM quantum computers5) aia ma New York ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana IBM Q System One. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka Q Network a me Q Quantum Computational Center, hiki i nā mea hoʻomohala ke hoʻohana maʻalahi i ka polokalamu Qiskit e hōʻuluʻulu i nā algorithm quantum. No laila, loaʻa ka mana helu o nā kamepiula quantum IBM lawelawe ʻike kapua, kumu kūʻai kūpono.

Ke hoʻolako nei ʻo D-Wave i nā lawelawe like no kekahi manawa i kēia manawa, a ʻo nā mea pāʻani nui ʻē aʻe (e like me Amazon) ke hoʻolālā nei i nā makana kapuaʻi like. Ua hele hou aku ʻo Microsoft me ka hoʻolauna Q# ʻōlelo papahana ('ōlelo like) hiki ke hana me Visual Studio a holo ma ka pona. Loaʻa i nā polokalamu polokalamu kahi mea hana e hoʻohālikelike i nā algorithm quantum a hana i kahi alahaka polokalamu ma waena o ka helu helu maʻamau a me quantum.

Eia naʻe, ʻo ka nīnau, he aha nā kamepiula a me kā lākou mana kamepiula e pono maoli ai? Ma kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia ma ʻOkakopa i hala ma ka puke pai ʻepekema, ua hoʻāʻo nā ʻepekema mai IBM, ke Kulanui o Waterloo a me ke Kulanui ʻenehana o Munich e hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano pilikia i kūpono i nā kamepiula quantum e hoʻoponopono.

Wahi a ka noiʻi, hiki i ia mau mea ke hoʻoponopono i ka paʻakikī algebra laina a me nā pilikia hoʻonui. Manaʻo ʻole ia, akā aia paha nā manawa no nā hoʻonā maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi i nā pilikia e koi nei i ka hoʻoikaika nui, nā kumuwaiwai a me ka manawa, a i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hiki.

5. IBM quantum computer

Heluhelu helu waiwai diametrically hoʻololi i ke kahua o ka cryptography. Mahalo iā lākou, hiki i nā code encryption ke haki koke a, malia paha, e luku ʻia ka ʻenehana blockchain. ʻO ka hoʻopunipuni RSA i kēia manawa he pale ikaika a hiki ʻole ke pale i ka hapa nui o nā ʻikepili a me nā kamaʻilio ma ka honua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke maʻalahi kahi kamepiula quantum lawa haki i ka hoʻopunipuni RSA me ke kōkuaʻana o ʻO ka algorithm a Shora.

Pehea e pale aku ai? Manaʻo kekahi e hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi o nā kī hoʻopunipuni lehulehu i ka nui e pono ai e lanakila i ka decryption quantum. No nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻohana wale ʻia e hōʻoia i nā kamaʻilio paʻa. Mahalo i ka quantum cryptography, ʻo ka hana o ka intercepting i ka ʻikepili e hoʻopōʻino iā lākou, a laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea keakea me ka ʻāpana ke kiʻi i ka ʻike pono mai ia mea, a e aʻo ʻia ka mea loaʻa e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo eavesdropping.

Ua ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia nā noi kūpono o ka quantum computing. kālailai waiwai a wanana. Mahalo i nā ʻōnaehana quantum, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī o ke ʻano o ka mākeke e hoʻokomo i nā mea hoʻololi hou aʻe ma mua o ka wā ma mua, e alakaʻi ana i nā diagnoses pololei a me nā wānana. Ma ka hana like ʻana i nā tausani o nā ʻano like ʻole e kahi kamepiula quantum, hiki nō ke hoʻemi i ka manawa a me ke kumukūʻai e pono ai no ka hoʻomohala ʻana. nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou, ka lawe ʻana a me nā hoʻonā loiloi, nā kaulahao hoʻolako, nā ʻano hoʻohālikea no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe o ka paʻakikī nui.

Kānāwai o Neven

Ua loaʻa i ka honua o nā kamepiula kahiko ke kānāwai o Moore, aʻo nā kamepiula quantum pono e alakaʻi ʻia e ka mea i kapa ʻia. Kānāwai o Neven. Ua aie ʻo ia i kona inoa i kekahi o nā loea quantum kaulana loa ma Google, Hartmut Nevena (6), ka mea e ʻōlelo nei ke hana ʻia nei ka holomua o ka ʻenehana computing quantum ka māmā hoʻonui pālua.

'O ia ho'i, ma kahi o ka ho'opalua 'ana i ka hana me ka ho'ololi hou 'ana, e like me ka hana me nā lolouila kahiko a me ke kānāwai o Moore, ho'omaika'i wikiwiki 'ia ka hana 'enehana quantum.

Manaʻo ka poʻe akamai i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka quantum superiority, hiki ke unuhi ʻia ʻaʻole wale i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o nā kamepiula quantum ma luna o nā mea kahiko, akā i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe - ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi au o nā kamepiula quantum pono. E wehe kēia i ke ala no ka holomua ʻana i ka chemistry, astrophysics, lāʻau lapaʻau, palekana, kamaʻilio, a me nā mea hou aku.

Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi manaʻo ʻaʻole e loaʻa kēlā kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka manaʻo haʻahaʻa o ka kānalua ʻAʻole e hoʻololi nā kamepiula quantum i nā kamepiula kahiko no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻolālā ʻia e hana pēlā. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i kahi iPhone a i ʻole PC me kahi mīkini quantum, e like me ʻoe ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kāmaʻa tennis me kahi mea lawe mokulele nuklea.. ʻAe nā kamepiula kahiko iā ʻoe e pāʻani, nānā i ka leka uila, heʻenalu i ka pūnaewele, a holo i nā polokalamu. Hana nā kamepiula quantum i ka nui o nā hana hoʻohālikelike i paʻakikī loa no nā ʻōnaehana binary e holo ana ma nā ʻāpana kamepiula. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole e loaʻa i nā mea kūʻai aku ka pōmaikaʻi mai kā lākou kamepiula quantum ponoʻī, akā ʻo ka poʻe pono maoli o ka mea i hana ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, NASA a i ʻole Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Na ka manawa e hōʻike i ke ala kūpono - IBM a i ʻole Google. Wahi a ke kānāwai o Neven, he mau mahina wale nō mākou mai ka ʻike ʻana i kahi hōʻike piha o ka quantum superiority e kekahi hui a i ʻole kekahi. A ʻaʻole kēia he manaʻo "i nā makahiki he ʻumi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike i ka wā."