Nā pahu pahu no ka pūʻali koa Pelekane
ʻO ka mea hana mua Boxer armored personnel, i kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o ka papahana Mechanized Infantry Vehicle, e komo i nā pūʻali koa Pelekane ma 2023.
Ma ka lā 5 o Nowemapa, ua hoʻolaha ke Kuhina Palekana ʻo Ben Wallace e loaʻa ana i ka pūʻali koa Pelekania ma mua o 500 mau huila pahu pahu pahu kila, e hoʻolako ʻia e ka Rheinmetall hui hui BAE Systems Land ma ke ʻano o ka papahana Mechanized Infantry Vehicle. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia hoʻolaha ma ke ʻano he hoʻomaka o ka hopena o kahi ala lōʻihi loa a me ka pōhaku nui i hele pū ai ka pūʻali koa Pelekania a me ka European GTK/MRAV transporter, i kapa ʻia i kēia lā ʻo Boxer, i hele pū, kaʻawale a hui hou.
He paʻakikī a lōʻihi ka mōʻaukala o ka hana ʻana o Boxer, no laila e hoʻomanaʻo wale mākou i kāna mau manawa koʻikoʻi. Pono mākou e hoʻi i ka makahiki 1993, i ka wā i hoʻolaha ai nā ʻoihana pale Kelemania a me Farani i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana ma luna o kahi mea lawe pūlima hui pū. Ma hope o ka manawa, ua komo ʻo Great Britain i ka papahana.
Ke ala ʻāhuehue...
I ka makahiki 1996, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hui ʻEulopa ʻo OCCAR (French Organization conjointe de coopération en matière d'armement, Organization for United Cooperation in the Field of Armaments), kahi i hui mua ʻia ʻo Germany, Great Britain, France a me Italia. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo OCCAR e hoʻolaha i ka hui ʻoihana ʻoihana honua ma ke kahua pale ma ʻEulopa. ʻElua mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua koho ʻia ka consortium ARTEC (Armored Vehicle Technology), ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Krauss-Maffei Wegmann, MAK, GKN a me GIAT, e hoʻokō i kahi papahana lawe lima huila no nā pūʻali koa honua o Farani, Kelemānia a me Pelekane Nui. I ka makahiki 1999, ua haʻalele ʻo Farani a me GIAT (ʻo Nexter) i ka consortium e hoʻomohala i kā lākou kaʻa VBCI ponoʻī, ʻoiai ʻo ka manaʻo Pelekania-Kelemānia i kū ʻole i nā koi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Armée de Terre. I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻo Kelemania a me Pelekane Nui i kahi ʻaelike e like me ʻehā GTK/MRAV (Gepanzertes Transport-Kraftfahrzeug/Multirole Armored Vehicle) i kauoha ʻia no ka Bundeswehr a me ka pūʻali koa Pelekania (he 70 miliona mau paona sterling). I Pepeluali 2001, ua hui pū ʻo Netherlands a me Stork PWV BV (i ka makahiki 2008 e ka hui Rheinmetall a lilo i ʻāpana o Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles e like me RMMV Netherland) i hui pū me ka consortium, no laila ua kauoha pū ʻia nā prototypes ʻehā. ʻO ka mua o lākou - PT1 - i hōʻike ʻia ma ka lā 12 Dekemaba 2002 ma Munich. Ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana o ka PT2 lua ma 2003, ua kapa ʻia ke kaʻa ʻo Boxer. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hana ma kahi o 200 mau kaʻa no kēlā me kēia o nā mea i komo i ka papahana, e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 2004.
Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki 2003, hōʻole ka poʻe Pelekania e komo i ka consortium ARTEC (i hoʻokumu ʻia e Krauss-Maffei Wegmann a me Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles) ma muli o ka paʻakikī paʻakikī o ka GTK / MRAV / PWV (Gepanzerte Transport-Kraftfahrzeug, kēlā me kēia: Multirole. Kaʻa Armored a me Pantserwielvoertuig ) conveyor e like me ko Beritania koi, incl. ka lawe ʻana ma luna o kahi mokulele C-130. Ua nānā ka pūʻali koa Pelekāne i ka papahana FRES (Future Rapid Effect System). Ua hoʻomauʻia ka papahana e nā Germans a me ka Dutch. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo lōʻihi o nā prototypes i alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hāʻawi ʻia ke kaʻa mua i ka mea hoʻohana ma 2009, ʻelima mau makahiki i hala. Ua ʻike ʻia ua hana maikaʻi ka consortium ARTEC me nā Boxers. I kēia manawa, ua kauoha ka Bundeswehr i nā kaʻa 403 (aʻaʻole paha kēia ka hopena, no ka mea, ua hoʻoholoʻo Berlin i ka pono o nā kaʻa 2012 ma 684), a me ka Koninklijke Landmacht - 200. I ka manawa, Australia (WiT 4/2018; 211 kaʻa. ) a me Lithuania (WiT 7/2019; 91 mau kaʻa), a ua koho pū ʻia ʻo Slovenia (he ʻaelike no 48 a hiki i 136 mau kaʻa hiki ke hiki, ʻoiai e like me ka White Book of Defense of Slovenia mai Malaki o kēia makahiki, ka hopena o ke kūʻai ʻana. ʻAʻole i ʻike maopopo ʻia), ʻo Algeria paha (i Mei o kēia makahiki ma Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana laikini o Boxer ma Algeria, a ma ʻOkakopa i paʻi ʻia nā kiʻi mai nā hoʻokolohua ma kēia ʻāina - e hoʻomaka ka hana ma ka hopena o 2020) a me... Albion.
Pelekania ma ka hānau ʻana?
ʻAʻole i lanakila ka poʻe Pelekania me ka papahana FRES. I loko o kona ʻano, ʻelua ʻohana o nā kaʻa e hana ʻia: FRES UV (Utility Vehicle) a me FRES SV (Scout Vehicle). ʻO nā pilikia kālā o ka UK Ministry of Defense e pili ana i ke komo ʻana i nā misionari o nā ʻāina ʻē a me ka pilikia hoʻokele honua i alakaʻi ʻia i ka loiloi o ka papahana - ʻoiai ma Malaki 2010 ua koho ʻia ka mea hoʻolako Scout SV (ASCOD 2, i hana ʻia e General Dynamics European Land Systems). , mai loko mai o nā kaʻa 589 i pono i kēlā manawa (a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka pono o nā kaʻa 1010 o nā ʻohana ʻelua), ʻo 3000 wale nō kaʻa e kūkulu ʻia. Ma mua o kēia, he polokalamu make ʻo FRES UV. I Iune 2007, ʻekolu hui i hōʻike i kā lākou mau manaʻo no kahi mea lawe huila hou no ka pūʻali koa Pelekane: ARTEC (Boxer), GDUK (Piranha V) a me Nexter (VBCI). ʻAʻohe o nā kaʻa i hoʻokō i nā koi, akā ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo ke Kākau'ōlelo o ka Moku'āina no nā lako pale a me ke kākoʻo, ʻo Paul Drayson, e hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kēlā me kēia me nā pono Pelekane kūikawā. Ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi no Nowemapa 2007, akā ua lohi ka hoʻoholo no ʻeono mahina. I ka Mei 2008, ua koho ʻia ka GDUK me ka Piranha V transporter i ka lanakila. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka wā i hoʻomaikaʻi ai ke kūlana kālā o Great Britain, ua hoʻi ke kumuhana o ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi conveyor huila i ke kumuhana. I Pepeluali 2008, ua hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau VBCI e Farani no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. ʻAʻole naʻe i hoʻokō ʻia ke kūʻai ʻana, a i ka makahiki 2014 ua kapa inoa ʻia ka papahana Scout UV (a no laila ua hoʻomaka hou ʻia) ʻo MIV (Mechanized Infantry Vehicle). Aia nā manaʻo noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hiki ke kūʻai i nā kaʻa like ʻole: Patria AMV, GDELS Piranha V, Nexter VBCI, etc. Akā, ua koho ʻia ʻo Boxer.
