Kaua no East Prussia i ka makahiki 1945, hapa 2
ʻO ka pūʻali koa Soviet, i kākoʻo ʻia e ka SU-76 pū hoʻokele ponoʻī, hoʻouka i nā kūlana Kelemania ma kahi o Konigsberg.
Ua ho'āʻo ke kauoha a ka Pūʻali Pūʻali ʻĀkau e hoʻokuʻu i ka pā o Koenigsberg a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā kamaʻilio ʻāina me nā pūʻali koa āpau. Hema-komohana o ke kūlanakauhale, ma ka Brandenburg māhele (Lūkia: Ushakovo), ka 548th People's Grenadier Division a me ka Panzergrenadier Division "Great Germany" ua nui.
i hoʻohana ʻia ma Ianuali 30 e hahau i ka ʻākau ma ke kahawai ʻo Vistula. Ua hoouka mai ka Mahele 5 Panzer o Kelemania a me ka Mokuna 56 Infantry mai ka aoao kue aku. Ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoikaika i ka ʻāpana o ka pūʻali koa kiaʻi he 11 e hoʻi hope a uhaʻi i kahi alahele ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mile ka laulā a hiki i Konigsberg, aia ma lalo o ke kī pū ʻana o Soviet.
I ka lā 31 o Ianuali, ua hoʻoholo ʻo General Ivan D. Chernyakhovsky i ka hiki ʻole ke hopu iā Konigsberg mai kahi huakaʻi: Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua ʻole ʻia a me ka mākaukau maikaʻi ʻole o Konigsberg (ʻoi loa ma ke ʻano o ka pale logistic) ʻaʻole e alakaʻi i ka holomua, akā. akā, e hāʻawi manawa i nā Kelemania e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou pale. ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hoʻopau i nā pā kaua (nā pā kaua, nā bunkers kaua, nā wahi paʻa) a hoʻopau i kā lākou ʻōnaehana ahi. A no kēia mea, pono ʻoe i ka nui kūpono o nā pū - kaumaha, nui a ikaika, nā kaʻa a me nā pū hoʻoneʻe ponoʻī, a, ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, he nui nā pū. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomākaukau pono i nā pūʻali koa no ka hoʻouka kaua me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaha hana.
I ka pule aʻe, ua hoʻoikaika nā māhele o ka pūʻali koa kiaʻi 11, "e pale ana i nā hoʻouka kaua ikaika a nā fascist," i ko lākou kūlana a hoʻomaka i kā lākou hoʻouka kaua i kēlā me kēia lā, e ho'āʻo ana e hōʻea i nā kahakai o ka Vistula Lagoon. Ma ka la 6 o Feberuari, ua hele hou lakou i ke alaloa, me ka paa loa ia Kruljevets mai ka hema - aka nae, mahope iho o keia he 20-30 wale no na koa i koe ma na hui ukali. ʻO nā pūʻali koa o ka pūʻali 39 a me 43, i nā kaua ikaika, ua hoʻokuke i nā māhele ʻenemi i ka hohonu o ka moku ʻo Sambia, e hana ana i mua o waho o ka hoʻopuni ʻana.
Ma ka lā 9 o Pepeluali, ua kauoha ka luna o ka 3 Belorussian Front i nā pūʻali e hele i kahi pale hoʻoholo a hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻouka kaua.
Ma ke kikowaena, neʻe ka pūʻali 5 a me 28 i ke kāʻei Kreuzburg (Lūkia: Slavskoe) - Preussisch Eylau (Iława Pruska, Lūkini: Bagrationovsk); ma ka ʻaoʻao hema, ʻo ka 2nd Guards a me 31st pūʻali, ua hele i mua o ka Lyna, a hoʻopaʻa i nā kikowaena kū'ē ʻo Legden (Russian Dobroe), Bandel a me ka hui alanui Landsberg nui (Gurovo Ilavetske). Mai ka hema a me ke komohana, e hooikaika ana na puali koa o Ilamuku K.K. Rokossovsky i na Kelemania. ʻO ka pūʻulu ʻenemi Lidzbar-Warmia, i ʻoki ʻia mai ka ʻāina nui, hiki ke kamaʻilio me nā Kelemania wale nō ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hau o ke kahawai a ʻoi aku ma ka Vistula Spit a hiki i Gdansk. ʻO ka uhi lāʻau o ka "ola i kēlā me kēia lā" i ʻae i ka neʻe ʻana o nā kaʻa. Ua holo ka lehulehu o ka poe mahuka i ka waikahe ma ke kolamu pau ole.
Ua hana ka ʻauwaʻa Kelemania i kahi hana hoʻopakele i loaʻa ʻole ma mua, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea āpau e hiki ke hoʻomau. Ma ka waena o Pepeluali, 1,3 miliona mau kānaka mai 2,5 miliona mau kānaka i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai East Prussia. Ma ka manawa like, ua hāʻawi ka Kriegsmarine i ke kākoʻo pū i nā pūʻali koa honua ma ke kahakai a ua hoʻoikaika ikaika i ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā pūʻali koa. ʻAʻole hiki i ka Baltic Fleet ke hoʻopau a hoʻopilikia nui paha i nā kamaʻilio ʻenemi.
I loko o ʻehā pule, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hapa nui o East Prussia a me Polani ʻĀkau mai nā pūʻali koa Kelemania. I ka wā o ke kaua, aia wale nō ma kahi o 52 4,3 mau kānaka i hopu ʻia. nā luna a me nā koa. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pūʻali Soviet ma luna o 569 tausani mau pū a me nā morta, XNUMX tausani mau kaʻa a me nā pū hoʻouka.
Ua ʻoki ʻia nā pūʻali koa Kelemania ma East Prussia mai ke koena o nā pūʻali Wehrmacht a ua māhele ʻia i ʻekolu pūʻulu kaʻawale mai kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka mua, nona nā māhele ʻehā, ua ʻoki ʻia i loko o ke Kai Baltic ma ka moku Sambian; ʻo ka lua, ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelima mau māhele, a me nā ʻāpana mai ka pā kaua a me nā ʻāpana pākahi he nui, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ma Königsberg; ʻo ke kolu, aia ma kahi o iwakālua mau māhele o ka 4th Army a me ka 3rd Tank Army, aia ma ka wahi paʻa ʻo Lidzbar-Warmin, aia ma ka hema a me ke komohana hema o Krulewets, e noho ana ma kahi o 180 km ākea ma ka laina mua a me 50 km hohonu. .
ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka haʻalele ʻana o kēia mau pūʻali koa ma lalo o ka uhi o Berlin e Hitler, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻōlelo ma muli o nā wahi paʻa i hoʻolako ʻia mai ke kai a me ka pale ʻana a me ka hoʻopuehu o nā pūʻali koa Kelemania e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa i nā pūʻali koa nui loa. koa Kelemania. ʻO ka pūʻali koa ʻulaʻula no ka manawa lōʻihi, ka mea e pale ai i kā lākou hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ke kuhikuhi Berlin. Ua manaʻolana ka Soviet Supreme High Command i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā pūʻali koa o ka Baltic 1 a me 3 Belorussian Fronts e hoʻokō i nā hana ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻoholo hoʻoholo o kēia mau pūʻulu.
ʻAʻole hiki i ka hapa nui o nā Generala Kelemania ke hoʻomaopopo i kēia manaʻo Hitlerian. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻo Marshal K.K. Rokossovsky i ke ʻano o nā koi a Stalin: "I koʻu manaʻo, i ka wā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ʻo East Prussia mai ke Komohana, ua hiki ke kali no ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka pūʻali koa Kelemania i hoʻopuni ʻia ma laila, a e e hoʻoikaika ana i ka nāwaliwali 2 Belorussian mua, e wikiwiki i ka hoʻoholo ma ke kuhikuhi Berlin. Ua hāʻule nui ʻo Berlin ma mua. Ua hiki mai i ka manawa hoʻoholo he ʻumi mau pūʻali koa i noho ʻia e ka hui East Prussian (...) ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā ʻano pūʻali koa kūʻē i ka ʻenemi (...) mamao loa mai kahi i hana ʻia ai nā hanana hoʻoholo, ma ʻo ke kūlana i kū mai ma ka ʻaoʻao o Berlin, he mea ʻole.
ʻO ka hope loa, ua pololei ʻo Hitler: ʻo nā pūʻali koa Soviet he ʻumikumamāwalu i komo i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā alahaka kahakai Kelemania, ʻekolu wale nō i komo i nā "kaua nui" o ka puna o 1945.
Ma ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ke Keʻena Nui o ke Kauoha Kiʻekiʻe ma Pepeluali 6, ua hoʻokau ʻia nā pūʻali koa o ka Baltic Fronts 1 a me 2, e kāohi ana i ka Army Group Courland, i lalo o ka Baltic Front 2 ma lalo o ke kauoha a Marshal L.A. Govorov. ʻO ka hana o ka hopu ʻana iā Koenigsberg a hoʻomaʻemaʻe loa i ka moku ʻo Sambian o ka ʻenemi, ua hāʻawi ʻia i ke keʻena nui o ka Baltic Front, i alakaʻi ʻia e ka pūʻali koa ʻo Ivan Ch. Bagramyan, i hāʻawi ʻia i ʻekolu mau pūʻali koa mai ka 1 Belorussian Front: ka 3th Guards, 11th. a me 39rd 43st and 1st Tank Corps. I ka huli ʻana, ua loaʻa iā Marshal Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky i ka lā 9 o Pepeluali i kahi kauoha e hoʻoili i nā pūʻali ʻehā i ka pūʻali koa General Ivan Dmitrievich Chernyakhovsky: ka 50th, 3rd, 48th and 5th Guards Tank. Ma ia lā hoʻokahi, ua kauoha ʻia ʻo General Chernyakhovsky, me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i nā Kelemania a i ʻole kona mau pūʻali i kahi hoʻomaha, ʻaʻole ma hope o Pepeluali 20-25 e hoʻopau ai i ka pio ʻana o ka pūʻali koa 4 o General Wilhelm Müller me nā pūʻali koa.
Ma muli o ke koko, hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻole a hoʻomau i nā kaua, e hoʻomanaʻo ana ʻo Lieutenant Leonid Nikolaevich Rabichev, ʻo kā mākou pūʻali koa Kelemania i nalowale ma mua o ka hapalua o kā lākou limahana a hoʻomaka e nalowale i ka pono o ke kaua ma muli o ka luhi loa. Ua kauoha ʻo Chernikhovsky i kahi hoʻouka kaua, ua kauoha pū nā pūkaua - nā luna koa, nā pūʻali a me nā māhele, ua hehena ke keʻena nui, a ʻo nā regiment a pau, nā pūʻali koa pākahi, nā pūʻali koa a me nā hui i holo i waho. A laila, i mea e koi aku ai i nā pūʻali luhi e neʻe aku i mua, ua kokoke loa ke keʻena mua i ka laina o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ke keʻena nui o ka pūʻali koa me ke keʻena nui, a ua hoʻokokoke ke keʻena o ka mahele i nā regiment. Ua ho'āʻo nā pūkaua e hoʻāla i nā bataliona a me nā hui no ke kaua, akā ʻaʻohe mea i hiki mai a hiki i ka manawa i lanakila ai ko mākou mau koa Kelemania i ka manaʻo ʻole. Ua emi hope ka poʻe Kelemania ma kahi o ʻekolu mau kilomita, a kū mākou.
