TOP-10 mau kaʻa uila ʻoi loa 2020
Nā mea
He aha ke kaʻa uila
ʻO kahi kaʻa uila kahi kaʻa i hoʻokele ʻole ʻia e ka ʻenekini kuni kūloko, akā na hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha mau uila uila i hoʻoikaika ʻia e nā paila a i ʻole nā aila wahie. Ke ʻimi nei ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻokele i ka papa inoa o nā kaʻa uila maikaʻi loa ma ka honua. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kaʻa uila ma mua o ka paukū pene. ʻO ke kaʻa uila mua, i hana ʻia ma 1841, he kaʻa me ka motika uila.
Mahalo i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoiho uila uila i hoʻomohala ʻole ʻia, ua lanakila nā kaʻa uila i ke kaua tacit e hoʻomalu i ka mākeke kaʻa. ʻAʻole ia a hiki i ka 1960s ua hoʻomaka hou ka hoihoi i nā kaʻa uila. ʻO ke kumu o kēia nā pilikia kaiapuni o nā kaʻa a me ka pilikia o ka ikehu, ka mea i hoʻonāukiuki i ka piʻi nui o ka uku o ka wahie.
Ke hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana kaʻa o nā kaʻa uila
I ka 2019, ua ulu nui ka nui o nā kaʻa uila i hana ʻia. ʻAneʻane ʻo kēlā me kēia mea hana pilikino e hoʻāʻo e hoʻāʻo wale i ka hana ʻana o nā kaʻa uila, akā e hoʻonui i kā lākou laina i ka hiki. ʻO kēia ʻano, e like me ka poʻe loea, e hoʻomau ma 2020.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka aneane e hoʻāʻo nā hui āpau e hopu iā Tesla (ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻomaka ana i kahi alanui i kēia makahiki) a ke hana nei i nā EV i hana nui ʻia i kēlā me kēia kumukūʻai - nā hiʻohiʻona kumu i hoʻolālā pono ʻia. kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia. I ka pōkole, ʻo 2020 ka makahiki e lilo ai nā kaʻa uila.
Pono e kūʻai aku he haneli mau mea hou uila i nā mahina e hiki mai ana, akā ua hoʻāʻo mākou e koho he ʻumi o nā mea hoihoi loa: mai nā hiʻohiʻona liʻiliʻi o ke kaona mai nā pilikua o ka ʻoihana kaʻa i nā kaʻa uila lōʻihi lōʻihi mai nā mea komo i ka mākeke hou.
Nā pōmaikaʻi o nā kaʻa uila maikaʻi loa
Loaʻa i kahi kaʻa uila kekahi mau pono kūpono ʻole e hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia: ka nele o nā kinoea hoʻoluhi e hōʻino ai i ke kaiapuni a me nā meaola ola, nā kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa (ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uila ma mua o ka wahie kaʻa), ka pono kiʻekiʻe o ka motika uila (90-95%, a ʻo ka pono o ka mīkini ʻenekini 22-42% wale nō), hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻa, ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolālā, ka hiki ke hoʻoiho hou mai kahi kumu maʻamau, ka pōʻino pahū haʻahaʻa i kahi ulia, ka maʻalahi kiʻekiʻe.
Mai noʻonoʻo ʻoe ʻaʻohe hemahema o nā kaʻa uila. Ma waena o nā hemahema o kēia ʻano kaʻa, hiki i kekahi ke haʻi aku i ka hemahema o nā pihi - hana lākou i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe loa (ʻoi aku ma mua o 300 ° C), a i ʻole ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa, ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā metala pipiʻi i loko o lākou.
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā paila he nui ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana iā lākou iho a he lōʻihi loa kā lākou recharging hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻouku wahie. Eia hou, ʻo ka pilikia ka hoʻolei ʻana o nā paila i loaʻa nā ʻona ʻona a me nā waikawa, ka nele o kahi pono kūpono no ka hoʻouku ʻana i nā pila, ka hiki ke loaʻa nā overloads i nā pūnaewele uila i ka manawa o ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana mai ka pūnaewele o ka home, a hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka lako mana.
Ka papa inoa o nā kaʻa uila maikaʻi loa 2020
Volkswagen ID.3 - №1 o nā kaʻa uila maikaʻi loa
Aia kekahi mau kaʻa uila i ka ʻohana Volkswagen, akā ʻo ka ID.3 paha ka mea nui loa. E loaʻa ia e hoʻomaka ana ma $ 30,000 a hāʻawi ʻia i ʻekolu mau pae ʻoki a ʻano like loa me ka Golf. E like me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka ʻoihana, ʻo ka loko o ke kaʻa ka nui o Passat, a ʻo nā kikoʻī kikoʻī ka Golf GTI.
ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālikelike kumu he 330 km ma ka pōʻai WLTP, ʻoiai ka pae kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke huakaʻi i 550 km. ʻO ka pale infotainment 10-inch i loko e pani i ka hapa nui o nā pihi a me nā kī, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi kokoke i nā mea āpau koe ka wehe ʻana i nā puka aniani a me nā kukui pōpilikia. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, hoʻolālā ʻo Volkswagen e hana 15 miliona mau kaʻa uila e 2028.
ʻO Rivian R1T pickup - №2 o nā kaʻa uila maikaʻi loa
Me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka R1S - kahi SUV ʻehiku mau noho me kahi ākea o ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 600 km - hoʻolālā ʻo Rivian e hoʻokuʻu i kahi pickup R1T ʻelima mau noho ma ka pae hoʻokahi ma ka hopena o ka makahiki. No nā hiʻohiʻona ʻelua, hāʻawi ʻia nā pā me ka mana o 105, 135 a me 180 kWh, me kahi ākea o 370, 480 a me 600 km, kēlā me kēia, a me ka wikiwiki o 200 km / h.
ʻO ka dashboard o loko o ke kaʻa e hōʻike ana i kahi touchscreen 15.6-inch, kahi hōʻike 12.3-inch e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona āpau, a me kahi touchscreen 6.8-inch no nā mea kaʻa hope. ʻO ka pahu o kēia ʻohiʻohi hoʻokahi mika ka hohonu a loaʻa kahi lumi mālama laka ʻia i ka laka ʻia no nā mea nui. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka kaʻa uila me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele wili āpau e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mana ma waena o ʻehā mau uila uila i kau ʻia ma kēlā me kēia huila.
ʻO Aston Martin Rapide E - No3
Ma kahi o 155 mau kaʻa e hoʻolālā ʻia e hana. E loaʻa nā mea hauʻoli o kēia k modelkohu i kahi Aston me kahi pākahi lithium-ion 65 kWh a me ʻelua mau motika uila me ka nui o 602 hp. a me 950 Nm. ʻO ka wikiwiki nui o ke kaʻa he 250 km / h, wikiwiki ia i nā haneli ma lalo o ʻehā kekona.
Kuhi ʻia ka pae holoholo no ka pōʻaiapuni WLTP ma 320 km. ʻO ka uku piha mai kahi kikowaena 50-kilowatt e lawe ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola, a mai kahi kikowaena 100-kilowatt e 40 mau minuke.
Bmw iX3
ʻO kā BMW hana mua uila crossover he X3 i hoʻohou hou ʻia ma kahi paila uila, kahi e hoʻohui ʻia ai ka ʻenekini, ka lawe ʻana a me ka uila uila i hoʻokahi mea. ʻO 70 kWh ka nui o ka paila, e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻokele 400 km ma kahi pōʻai WLTP. Hoʻopuka ka mīkini uila i ka 268 hp, a he hapalua hola wale nō e hoʻopihapiha i ka laulā mai ka hoʻouka ʻana a 150 kW.
ʻAʻole like me ka BMW i3, ʻaʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia ka iX3 ma ke ʻano he kaʻa uila, akā hoʻohana i kahi paepae e kū nei. Hāʻawi kēia ala iā BMW i ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana, e ʻae ana i nā kaʻa hybrid a me nā uila e kūkulu ʻia ma ka waihona like. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o BMW iX3 ma kahi o $ 71,500.
ʻO Audi e-tron GT
ʻO ka E-Tron GT mai Audi ke kolu o nā kaʻa uila a pau e hōʻike ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ka hopena o kēia makahiki. E loaʻa i ke kaʻa ke kaʻa huila ʻehā, ʻo ka nui o nā mana uila ʻelua e lilo i 590 liters. mai E holo wikiwiki ke kaʻa i 100 km / h i 3.5 kekona wale nō, e piʻi ana i ka wikiwiki o kahi o 240 km / h. Kuhi ʻia ka pae ma ka pōʻaiapuni WLTP ma 400 km, a ʻo ka hoʻouka ʻana a 80 pakeneka ma o ka ʻōnaehana 800-volt he 20 mau minuke wale nō.
Mahalo i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻihoʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka deceleration a i ka 0.3g me ke kōkua ʻole o nā paleki disc. Hoʻohana ka loko i nā mea hana mau, me ka ʻili vegan. He pili pono ka Audi e-tron GT i ka Porsche Taycan a e manaʻo ʻia e lilo ma kahi o $ 130,000.
Uila Uila
Ke ʻōwili nei ia i ka laina hui ma Malaki 2020, e lilo ka Mini Electric i kaʻa kaʻa uila a pau loa i ka BMW pili, a e emi ana ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka BMW i3. Hiki i ke kaʻa ke holo wikiwiki mai 0 a 100 km / h ma 7.3 kekona, a ʻo ka mana o ka ʻenekini 184 hp. a me 270 Nm.
Kuhi ʻia ka wikiwiki nui ma kahi o 150 km / h, ʻokoʻa ka laulā ma ka pōʻai WLTP mai 199 a 231 km, a hiki ke hoʻouka hou ʻia ka paila i 80 pākēneka ma ke kikowaena wikiwiki i nā minuke 35 wale nō. He 6.5 iniha ka touchscreen a me kahi ʻōnaehana leo o Harmon Kardon.
ʻO Polestar 2
ʻO ka kaʻa uila holoʻokoʻa me ka mana 300 kW (408 hp) ka lua o ka ʻohana Polestar (Volvo brand). Ma ke ʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana hoihoi, e like ia me kona mea i loaʻa mua - ka wikiwiki i hoʻokahi haneli i 4.7 kekona, kahi mālama mana o 600 km i ka pōʻai WLTP. ʻO ka loko o ka Polestar 2, e hoʻomaka ana ma $ 65,000, e hōʻike i kahi ʻōnaehana infotainment 11-inch Android no ka manawa mua, a hiki i nā mea nona ke wehe i ke kaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana "Phone-as-Key".
Hoʻohou i Volvo XC40
ʻO Volvo ka hana mua a pau o nā kaʻa uila me ke kumu kūʻai o $ 65,000. (Ma ke ʻano laulaha, e hoʻāʻo ka hopohopo Kuekene e hōʻoia i ka hapalua o kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona i kūʻai ʻia e 2025 e ka uila). E loaʻa i ke kaʻa holo kaʻa ʻehā mau motika uila me ka nui o 402 hp, hiki ke hoʻokele iā ia i hoʻokahi haneli i ka 4.9 kekona a hāʻawi i ka wikiwiki ʻoi loa o 180 km / h.
E hoʻolako ʻia ka mana mai ka pūhaka hōʻiliʻili 78 kW * h, e ʻae ai e huakaʻi ma kahi o 400 km ma ke kaukahi. Wahi a Volvo e hoʻōla hou ka pila mai 150kW wikiwiki i 80 pākēneka i 40 mau minuke. E kūkulu ʻia ke kaʻa uila ma luna o ka paepae Compact Modular Architecture hou, a hoʻohana ʻia ia ma nā hiʻohiʻona ʻo Lynk & Co 01, 02 a me 03 (no Geely kēia hui mākua o Volvo).
ʻO Taycan Porsche
ʻO ka mea ʻo Porsche e hoʻomaka nei i nā kaʻa uila e ʻōlelo nui. ʻO Taycan i kakali nui ʻia, me kahi kumukūʻai hoʻomaka o $ 108,000, he sedan puka ʻehā, ʻelima noho me ka motika uila ma kēlā me kēia axle a me kahi pae o 450 km ma ka pōʻai WLTP.
E loaʻa ia ma nā mana Turbo a me Turbo S. E loaʻa i ka mea hope i kahi mea kanu mana e hāʻawi ana i 460 kW (616 hp) me ke koho o ka overboost e hoʻonui i ka mana ma 2.5 kekona i 560 kW (750 hp). ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ka wikiwiki i 100 km / h e lawe ʻia ma 2.8 kekona, a ʻo ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe he 260 km / h.
ʻO Lotus Evija
ʻO Lotus, mahalo i kahi hoʻopukapuka nui mai Geely, nona hoʻi ʻo Volvo a me Polestar, ua loaʻa hope i nā kumuwaiwai e kūkulu i kahi kaʻa uila. He 2,600,000 kālā ke kumu kūʻai a he 150 wale nō o kēia mau mīkini e hana ʻia. He koʻikoʻi loa nā ʻano ʻenehana - ʻehā mau kaʻa uila e hana i 2,000 hp. a me 1700 Nm o ka torque; mai 0 a 300 km / h e holo wikiwiki ana ke kaʻa i 9 kekona (5 kekona wikiwiki ma mua o ka Bugatti Chiron), a mai 0 a 100 km / h ma lalo o 3 kekona.
ʻO kona wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe he 320 km / h. ʻO ka pakuhi 680-kilogram me ka hiki o 70 kWh ʻaʻole ia ma lalo o ka lalo, e like me Tesla, akā ma hope o nā noho hope, kahi i hoʻemi ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka holo i 105 mm a ma ka manawa like e hōʻoia i kahi pae o 400 km e like me ka Pōʻaiapuni WLTP.
Panina
Ke hoʻomohala nei nā hui he nui i nā paila me nā manawa hoʻouku pōkole, e hoʻohana ana i nā nanomaterial a me ka ʻenehana hou. Ke manaʻo nei kēlā me kēia hopohopo kaʻa kaʻa pono iā ia iho ke kuleana e hana a hoʻolana i ka mākeke i kahi kaʻa e mana ʻia e ka uila. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā kaʻa uila i kēia manawa i ka manawa he wahi nui ia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa honua.
