ʻO ka pahu kaʻa - nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike!

ʻO ka pilahi kaʻa he mea nui o kāna mīkini. No laila, pono e ʻike pono i ka hana a me ke kumu e pono ai.

I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo ke ʻano pākaukau kaulana loa ʻo ia ka lead-acid. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana ua alakaʻi i nā mea hoʻokele he nui e kūʻai i ia mau huahana. I kēia manawa, he mea ʻokoʻa ka pākaukau kaʻa, mahalo i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ikehu i nā kaʻa. He aha ka pono e ʻike e pili ana i kēia mīkini kī? E nānā!

ʻO ka pahu kaʻa - no ke aha e pono ai?

Pono nā kaʻa puhi ahi i ka ʻā e hana. Hana ʻia ia me ke komo ʻana o ka uila i hoʻololi ʻia i kahi huna ahi a wela paha. I loko o nā kaʻa diesel, hoʻomāhana ʻia nā pahu ahi a hoʻokomo ʻia ka wahie i loko o ke keʻena puhi. Hiki ke ʻā ka hui ʻana ma muli o ka wela a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pū nā kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻaila no ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka nui o ka wahie i ka hoʻā ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka ʻula. Me ka ʻole, ʻaʻole e hoʻomaka ke kaʻa.

ʻO ka pilahi kaʻa Diesel - pono ʻoe i nā manawa āpau?

Hiki i nā kaʻa me nā ʻenekini diesel kahiko ke holo ma hope o ka hoʻā ʻana me ka ʻole o kahi pākaukau i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻopili iā ia e hoʻomaka wale i ka ʻenekini. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻāpana kaʻa, ʻaʻole pono ia, no ka mea, aia ka ʻāʻī ma lalo o ka hana o ke kaomi a me ka wela i loko o ka cylinder. ʻO ka manaʻo, pono ka pākaukau diesel no ka hoʻomaka wale ʻana.

ʻO nā ʻano pākahi i kau ʻia ma nā kaʻa

E like me kā mākou i haʻi mua ai, ua hoʻololi nui ʻia ka pākaukau kaʻa. I kēia lā, aneane ʻaʻohe mea hoʻohālike e pono e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka electrolyte. He aha nā ʻano kaʻa i loaʻa i kēia manawa? Hāʻawi mākou i kahi wehewehe pōkole o nā pūʻulu pākahi āpau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa. E ʻike i kā lākou ʻano no ka mea e maʻalahi iā ʻoe ke koho i ka huahana kūpono no kāu kaʻa.

SLA, a i ʻole ka pākī waikika alakaʻi

Ua kaulana lākou (a i loko o nā kaʻa hou aʻe). No kā lākou hana ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia:

• anode kepau metala;
• ke alakaʻi dioxide cathode;
• he wai o ka sulfuric acid (37%) i hui pū ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Loaʻa nā ʻāpana SLA i hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia he 6 mau pūnaewele a hoʻohana ʻia ma ka volta nominal o 12V.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā pila SLA

He aha ka mea e ʻokoʻa ai kēia mau hiʻohiʻona mai nā mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ma ka mākeke? ʻAʻole mālama pono ʻia nā huahana Lead-acid i kēia manawa (ʻoiai e koi ana kekahi i ka hoʻonui ʻana me ka electrolyte), ʻoiai he ʻuʻuku a paʻa. ʻAʻole lākou makaʻu i ka hoʻokuʻu hohonu. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano o kēia manawa e ka hoʻouka ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻololi i ka lōʻihi o ka hāmeʻa. E hoʻomanaʻo naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake ka pākaukau no kēia ʻano kaʻa i ka hoʻopiʻi haʻahaʻa lōʻihi, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka sulfate.

GEL - he mau huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka pila gel

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he hoʻomau kēia o ka ʻenehana lead-acid. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, aia ka electrolyte i kahi ʻano gel, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mea. Hoʻohui ʻia ka silikoni dioxide i ka sulfuric acid e gel i ka electrolyte. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano pākaukau, i nā kaʻa me ka ʻōnaehana StartStop. Pono kēia i ka hāʻawi koke ʻana i ka uila me ke kumu kūʻai nui.

ʻO nā pono a me nā pōʻino o nā pila gel

He aha ka mea i loaʻa ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka gelling agent i ka electrolyte? Mahalo i kēia a me kahi hale paʻa, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā pākaukau i nā kūlana like ʻole i ke kaʻa a me nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe. He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o lākou? Ma luna o nā mea a pau:

• hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka waiwai i nā SUV;
• ʻAʻole kahe ka electrolyte, no laila ʻaʻole ʻōpala nā mea pili. 

Eia naʻe, paʻakikī ka ʻenehana GEL i nā kūlana hoʻouka. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pono ʻole, ʻaʻole e wehe ʻia nā pahu palekana inā e hoʻopiha hou ʻia ka pākaukau.

AGM - ʻenehana like me GEL

E like me ka pila gel, ʻo ke ʻano AGM no ka ʻohana pākahiko VRLA, ʻo ia hoʻi. pani ʻia. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi electrolyte i loko, akā ʻokoʻa kona kūlana o ka hōʻuluʻulu. Ke hoʻohana nei kēia ʻano pākaukau i ke aniani aniani e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka waikawa sulfuric a hoʻopaʻa iā ia me ka ʻole o ka leakage.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā pākahi AGM

He aha ka mea kūikawā no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ia huahana? Batila AGM:

• ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka gel counterpart;
• he kū'ē hoʻi i ka hoʻohana mana kiʻekiʻe a lōʻihi ka manawa holo;
• hiki ke liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka gel ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka electrolyte i loko o ka fiberglass. 

E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e ʻae iā ia e hoʻokuʻu hohonu inā makemake ʻoe e mālama i ka pono kiʻekiʻe o ka hāmeʻa.

EFB/AFB/ECM – Nā ʻĀpana Lead Acid Pono

ʻO nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia he kūpaʻa loa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. ʻO ka mea nui kēia ma muli o ka aneane ʻelua o kā lākou mana o nā koho kuʻuna. ʻO kā lākou mau mea he mau mea i hana ʻia me ke kēpau, ka tin a me nā alloy calcium, a me nā mea hoʻokaʻawale o ka polyester a me ka polyethylene fibers.

ʻO nā pono a me nā pōʻino o ka hoʻokuʻu lohi ʻana i nā Batteri

E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka inoa, ʻo kā lākou pōmaikaʻi nui ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻohana ʻia ai i nā kaʻa me ka nui o nā mea uila ma luna o ka moku. He pahu kaʻa maikaʻi kēia no kahi kaʻa me kahi ʻōnaehana StartStop. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole kūʻokoʻa loa ia i ka hoʻokuʻu hohonu ʻana, ka mea e pōkole ai kona ola. ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai o kēia koho ma mua o nā mea kūʻai mai ke kēpau.

Ke koho pākaukau - he aha nā lula e noʻonoʻo ʻia?

ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻano pākaukau ʻaʻole wale ka pilikia i ke kūʻai ʻana i mea hou. ʻO kāna hoʻolālā ponoʻī ʻo ia wale nō kekahi o nā ʻāpana e pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia. He aha hou aʻe ka mea nui no ke koho ʻana i ka pākaukau kūpono no ke kaʻa?

ʻO nā palena nui loa:

• polarity;
• ʻike;
• hoʻomaka i kēia manawa (mana);
• uila
• ʻano pole;
• ana ana.

Polarity pākaukau a me ke koho

Hōʻailona ʻia kēia ʻāpana i ka inoa huahana me ka hōʻailona P+ a i ʻole L+. He aha ke ʻano? Hōʻike ia iā ʻoe ʻo wai o nā pou (akau a hema paha) maikaʻi. ʻOiai paʻakikī paha ke koho ʻana i ka nānā mua ʻana, loaʻa i ka pākaukau nā hōʻailona hou ma ka hihia me nā hōʻailona ʻike ʻia. Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia ʻo Plus i ka ʻulaʻula, a hoʻemi ʻia i ka ʻeleʻele. He mea nui ke koho ʻana i ka polarity kūpono no ka pākaukau no ka mea he nui nā kaʻa i kaupalena ʻia ka lōʻihi o nā uea uila. No laila, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka pākaukau i hoʻokahi kūlana.

ʻO ka pahu kaʻa a me kona hiki

ʻO ka Capacitance wale nō ka hiki ke hoʻokahe i kēia manawa ma kahi nui o kēia manawa no ka manawa lōʻihi. No laila, ma ka inoa o ka huahana, ua hui pū ʻia kēia waiwai me ka hōʻailona Ah (ampere-hours). ʻO nā kaʻa ʻaʻole makemake i ka nui o ka mana pākaukau he 60 Ah a i ʻole 72 Ah mau pihi.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pākaukau, a ʻoi aku paha?

Hoʻomaopopo koke mākou ʻaʻole kūpono ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi pākahi kaʻa nui loa no kahi kaʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i kekahi mea kūikawā mai kēia, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke nalowale. No ke aha mai? ʻO ke ʻano o ka alternator ka waiho ʻana i kēia manawa i loko o ka pākaukau. Ua wehewehe paʻa ʻia kona mau ana a me ka pono, no laila, i ka wā e hoʻouka ai i kahi pākaukau ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokō. E hoʻemi mau ʻia ka pākaukau, kahi e pōkole ai kona ola.

Ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka pākaukau - Inrush hōʻailona o kēia manawa

Hōʻike ʻia kēia waiwai i nā amps a hōʻike i ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia manawa e hiki ai i ka pākaukau ke hana. Ma ka inoa o ka mea hana i kekahi pākaukau, hiki ke lilo i mea waiwai, no ka laʻana, 450 A a i ʻole 680 A. ʻO ka mea nui ke koho i kēia waiwai no ke kaʻa. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe ma mua o nā ʻōlelo a ka mea hana. ʻO ke kānāwai o ke koʻokoʻo ʻo ia ka pono o nā kaʻa diesel e hoʻomaka i ka mana pākahi.

ʻO ka uila uila pololei - he aha ia?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa ma ke alanui he ʻōnaehana uila 12V. No laila, pono e kākoʻo ka pākaukau i kēia uila hana. Hōʻike ka poʻe akamai e pono ke loaʻa i kahi pākaukau olakino ka waiwai uila ma ka laulā o 12,4-12,8 V. Me ka holo ʻana o ka mīkini me nā kukui a me nā mea hoʻokipa, hiki ke piʻi ma luna o 13 V. Eia naʻe, inā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 12,4 V. hōʻike i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana a me ka hemahema o ka pākaukau.

He aha ka pila e kūʻai ai no ke kaʻa?

Inā hana maikaʻi ʻole kāu pākaukau mua a make wale i nā makahiki, e hoʻowalewale ʻia ʻoe e hoʻololi iā ia me ka pākaukau like. Akā, pehea inā ʻaʻole ʻoe maopopo inā ua koho pololei ka mea nona mua? ʻO ke kī ʻo ke koho ʻana i nā pākaukau no kahi mīkini a me kahi kaʻa.

Pehea e koho ai i ka pila ma ka hale kūʻai a me ka pūnaewele?

No ke kūʻai ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i kahi hale kūʻai ʻāpana kaʻa hilinaʻi. E nīnau ka mea kūʻai aku i ka papa inoa o ka mea hana kaʻa no ke koho ʻana i ka pākaukau kūpono no kahi kumu hoʻohālike kaʻa. Ma nā hale kūʻai pūnaewele he nui e ʻike pū ʻoe i nā catalogs interactive kūikawā. Hōʻike lākou iā ʻoe i nā koho pākaukau kūpono loa no kāu kaʻa i koho ʻia.

ʻO ka pahu kaʻa - ke kumukūʻai o kahi huahana maikaʻi

Ke ʻimi nei ʻoe i kahi pākaukau hou, ua ʻike paha ʻoe ʻaʻole kēia ka mea maʻalahi loa. Eia naʻe, makemake i nā huahana hou. ʻAʻole ʻike maopopo nā kope i hoʻohana ʻia no ka nui o nā makahiki (ʻoi aku ka pololei, nā mahina) o ka hana. E hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi e pili ana ke kumukūʻai hope o kahi mea inā ʻoe e hoʻihoʻi ana i kahi pahu kaʻa kahiko a kūʻai paha i kahi mea hou me ka ʻole e hoʻihoʻi i ka mea mua. Hiki i ia waihona ke lilo i mau ʻumi zlotys.

Batri - kumu kūʻai, i.e. ehia na dala e uku ai?

E like me ka pepa kiʻi kiʻi, e lawe kāua i kahi pākaukau no kahi kaʻa kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi me kahi mīkini ʻaila liʻiliʻi. Maʻaneʻi ua lawa ka kohoʻana i kahi pila me ka inoa 60 Ah a me 540 A. He aha kona kumukūʻai? Ma kahi o 24 euros inā koho ʻoe i ke ʻano kepau-acid kuʻuna. Eia nō naʻe, inā makemake ʻoe i kahi huahana no kahi kaʻa diesel nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o 40 euros.

ʻO nā pihi kaʻa haʻahaʻa - pono anei ia?

He hailona pinepine. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kūlana o ia mau mea hana e ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kaʻa a me kāna mau koi mana. Hoʻomaikaʻi kekahi mau mea hoʻohana i nā hāʻina haʻahaʻa loa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ia mau pākahi ma nā hale kūʻai kūʻai. He mau mea Kina kēia a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻike ʻole ʻia, akā ua hana lākou no nā makahiki he nui. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēlā kumukūʻai wale nō ʻaʻole e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi hōʻoia o ka lōʻihi. ʻAʻole hiki ke hana maikaʻi ka pākaukau mai kahi mea hana hilinaʻi inā paʻa ke kaʻa i waho i ka hoʻoilo a ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻokele mau iā ia. No laila, mai poina e mālama pono i ka pākaukau.

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo ke kaʻa kaʻa he kumuhana kahawai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho mai nā ʻano mea like ʻole me nā koho like ʻole. E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lako lako nui no ka mea pono ʻoe e hoʻokomo iā ia ma kāu kaʻa. E hōʻalo pū i nā kope i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ko lākou lōʻihi.