ʻO Austin Armored Car i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka hui Pelekane ʻo "Austin"
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ʻO Austin Armored Car i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka hui Pelekane ʻo "Austin"
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi o nā kaʻa kaua i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua Mua e nā Kelemania. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Rūsia e hana i kēia ʻano mea kaua. Eia naʻe, i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole lawa ka mana o ka hale kaʻa kaʻa Lūkini-Baltic wale nō, ka mea i hana i nā kaʻa, no ka uhi ʻana i nā pono o ka pūʻali ma nā kaʻa lawe. I ʻAukake 1914, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi komisina kūʻai kūʻai kūikawā, i haʻalele i ʻEnelani e kūʻai i nā lako kaʻa a me nā waiwai, me nā kaʻa pale kaua. Ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā koi tactical a me nā ʻenehana no ke kaʻa kaua. No laila, ʻo nā kaʻa kaua i loaʻa i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a ʻo nā mea kaua mīkini ʻelua ma lalo o ʻelua mau pū mīkini i loaʻa i nā hale kiaʻi ʻelua e hoʻololi kūʻokoʻa ana kekahi i kekahi. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ke komisina kūʻai o General Sekretev i kēlā mau hanana ma ʻEnelani. I ka hāʻule o ka makahiki 1914, ua kāhiko ka poʻe Pelekania i nā mea āpau me ka ʻole o ka pale ʻana a me nā hale kiaʻi. ʻO ka Rolls-Royce ka kaʻa kaʻa kaua Pelekane nui loa o ke Kaua Honua Mua, i loaʻa ka pale ākea, akā hoʻokahi turret me kahi pū mīkini, i ʻike ʻia ma Dekemaba wale nō.
ʻO nā kaʻa kaua "Austin" 1st moʻoʻO ke kumu no ke kaʻa kaua ka chassis, i hana ʻia e ka hui kaʻa kaʻa ʻo Colonial me kahi mīkini 30 hp. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka mīkini me kahi carburetor Kleydil a me kahi magneto Bosch. ʻO ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka axle hope i lawe ʻia me ka cardan shaft, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana clutch he cone ʻili. ʻO ka pahu pahu he 4 mau wikiwiki i mua a hoʻokahi huli. Nā huila - lāʻau, ka nui o ka huila - 895x135. Ua pale ʻia ke kaʻa e nā mea kaua 3,5-4 mm mānoanoa, i hana ʻia ma ka hale hana Vickers, a he 2666 kg kona kaumaha. ʻO ka mea kaua i loaʻa i ʻelua mau pū mīkini 7,62-mm "Maxim" M.10 me 6000 mau pōkā o nā mea kaua, i kau ʻia ma nā hale kiaʻi ʻelua, hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o kahi mokulele transverse a loaʻa kahi kihi pana o 240 °. Aia i loko o ka hui kekahi luna - he luna ʻōpio, he kaʻa hoʻokele - he kopa a me ʻelua mau pū mīkini - he luna ʻōpio ʻaʻole komisina a me kahi kopa.
Ua loaʻa iā Austin kahi kauoha no nā kaʻa kaua 48 o kēia hoʻolālā ma Kepakemapa 29, 1914. He £1150 ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia kaʻa. Ma Rūsia, ua kāhiko hou ʻia kēia mau kaʻa kaua me ka pale kaua 7 mm: ua hoʻololi ʻia ka pale kaua ma nā turrets a ma ka pā hull mua. Ma kēia ʻano, ua hele nā kaʻa kaua ʻo Austin i ke kaua. Eia naʻe, ua hōʻike nā hakakā mua i ka lawa ʻole o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. E hoʻomaka ana me nā mīkini o ka platoon 13, ua komo nā Austins a pau o ka 1st series i ka mea kanu ʻo Izhora a ua hoʻopaʻa hou ʻia lākou, a laila ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia lākou i ka pūʻali. A ua hoʻomanaʻo mālie ʻia nā kaʻa kaua i mua i Petrograd e pani i ka pale kaua.
ʻIke loa, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mānoanoa o ka mea kaua e hoʻonui i ka nui, kahi i hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Eia kekahi, ma kekahi mau kaʻa kaua, ua ʻike ʻia ka deflection o nā kahawai frame. ʻO kahi drawback koʻikoʻi ʻo ke ʻano o ka hale o ka hale kaʻa kaʻa, i kaupalena ʻia ka ʻāpana mua o ke ahi pū mīkini.
ʻO nā kaʻa kaua "Austin" 2st moʻoI ka pūnāwai o 1915, ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole lawa nā kaʻa kaua i kauoha ʻia ma ʻEnelani no nā pono o ke alo. A ua kauoha ʻia ke Komite Aupuni Anglo-Russian ma Lākana e hoʻopau i nā ʻaelike no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kaʻa kaua hou e like me nā papahana Lūkini. I ka manawa mai Iune a Kekemapa, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kūkulu i 236 mau kaʻa kaua no ka pūʻali koa Lūkini, akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hana ʻia 161, nona ka 60 i ka 2nd series.
ʻO kahi kauoha no kahi kaʻa kaua hou, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka manaʻo o nā hemahema o ka 1st series, ua hoʻopuka ʻia ma Malaki 6, 1915. ʻO ka chassis o kahi kaʻa kaʻa 1,5-ton me kahi ʻenekini 50 hp i hoʻohana ʻia i kumu. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka pahu chassis a me ka ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole pono kēia mau kaʻa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻia, no ka mea, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ko lākou mau hull mai nā papa kila mānoanoa 7 mm. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano o ka hale o ka hull, akā ua pōkole ka hull ponoʻī, ʻo ia ka mea i hui pū ai i loko o ke keʻena hakakā. ʻAʻohe puka ma ka hope o ka hull (ʻoiai ua loaʻa i nā kaʻa o ka 1st series), kahi i paʻakikī loa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka moku, ʻoiai hoʻokahi wale nō puka ma ka ʻaoʻao hema i manaʻo ʻia no kēia.
Ma waena o nā hemahema o nā kaʻa kaua o nā pūʻulu ʻelua, hiki i kekahi ke haʻi aku i ka nele o kahi pou hoʻomalu. Ma ka "Austins" o ka 2nd series, ua hoʻokomo ʻia e nā pūʻali koa o nā platoons a me ka Reserve Armored Company, ʻoiai ua hoʻolako pū ʻia nā kaʻa kaua me ka puka hope. No laila, ma ka "Journal of military operations" o ka 26th machine-gun car platoon i ʻōlelo ʻia: "Ma Malaki 4, 1916, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka lua (hope) o ke kaʻa Chert. ʻO ka mana e like me ke kaʻa "Chernomor" ma o ke kaula e hele ana mai lalo o ka huila mua i ka paia hope o ke kaʻa, kahi i hana ʻia ai ka huila.". ʻO nā kaʻa kaua "Austin" 3st moʻoMa ʻAukake 25, 1916, ua kauoha ʻia kekahi mau kaʻa kaua 60 Austin o ka 3rd series. Ua noʻonoʻo nui nā kaʻa kaua hou i ka ʻike o ka hoʻohana kaua ʻana i nā pūʻulu ʻelua. ʻO ka nuipa he 5,3 tons, ua like ka mana engine - 50 hp. ʻO nā kaʻa kaua o ka moʻo 3 he kia hoʻomalu hope a me ke aniani pōkā ma nā puka nānā. A i ʻole, ua like kā lākou ʻano ʻenehana i nā kaʻa kaua o ka 2nd series.
I ka makahiki 1916, ho'omaka ka ho'ouna 'ana o Austin Series 3, a i ke kauwela o ka makahiki 1917, ua hō'ea mai nā ka'a pale kaua a pau i Rusia. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kau i kahi kauoha no nā mīkini ʻē aʻe 70 o ka 3rd series, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā huila hope ʻelua a me kahi kiʻi i hoʻoikaika ʻia, me ka lā hoʻopuka o Kepakemapa 1917. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻia kēia mau hoʻolālā, ʻoiai ua loaʻa i ka hui kahi kauoha no nā kaʻa pale kaua a hoʻokuʻu i kekahi o lākou. I ʻApelila 1918, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka pūʻali koa 16 o ka pūʻali koa Pelekane mai 17 o kēia mau kaʻa kaua. Ua lako ʻia kēia mau kaʻa me nā pū mīkini 8mm Hotchkiss. Ua ʻike lākou i ka hana ma Farani i ke kauwela o 1918.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia ʻatikala ma kā mākou pūnaewele pro-tank.ru, ua lawelawe pū ʻo Austins me nā pūʻali koa haole. ʻElua mau kaʻa kaua o ka 3rd series, i hoʻouna ʻia ma 1918 mai Petrograd e kōkua i ka Finnish Red Guard, i lawelawe pū me ka pūʻali Finnish a hiki i ka waena o 20s. I nā makahiki mua o 20, ua loaʻa ʻelua (a ʻekolu) Austins e ka pūʻali koa kipi Mongolian o Sukhe Bator. Hoʻokahi kaʻa kaua o ka moʻo 3 i loko o ka pūʻali Romanian. No kekahi manawa, ua helu ʻia ʻo "Austin" o ka 2nd series "Zemgaletis" ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā pūʻali koa o ka Repubalika o Latvia. I ka makahiki 1919, ʻehā "Austin" (ʻelua 2nd series a me ʻelua 3rd) i loko o ka pūʻali koa "Kokampf" o ka pūʻali koa Kelemania.
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Ua kūkulu ʻia nā kaʻa kaua "Austin" e kahi hui Pelekane ma kahi kauoha Lūkini. Ua kūkulu ʻia lākou i nā hoʻololi like ʻole mai 1914 a 1917. Aia lākou i ka lawelawe me ka Lūkini Lūkini, a me ka German Empire, ka Weimar Republic (ma ka mōʻaukala, ka inoa o Kelemania mai 1919 a 1933), ka Red Army (i ka Red Army, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā Austins āpau mai ka lawelawe ma 1931), etc. No laila, ua hakakā ʻo Austin "i ka neʻe keʻokeʻo, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā kaʻa kaua o kēia ʻano e nā pūʻali keʻokeʻo ma mua o ka Red Army. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi kālā e ka pūʻali UNR i ka wā o ke Kaua Kivila Lūkini. Ua hōʻea kekahi mau mīkini i Iapana, kahi i lawelawe ai lākou a hiki i nā makahiki 30. Ma Malaki 1921, aia 7 Austins i loko o nā pūʻali koa o ka Polish Army. A ma ka pū'ali koa Austrian "Austin" 3rd series i lawelawe a hiki i ka makahiki 1935.
Ua hoʻomaka nā ʻenekinia mai ka Austin Motor Company mai Longbridge i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi papahana kaʻa kaua e kū ana i nā koi a me nā koi ʻenehana. Ua hana ʻia kēia i loko o kahi manawa pōkole loa. I ʻOkakopa 1914, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi prototype, i ʻae ʻia e ke kauoha a ka pūʻali Lūkini. E hoʻomaopopo i ka hui "Austin" i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka luna ʻenehana mua o Wolseley, ʻo Sir Herbert Austin ma 1906, ma ka hale paʻi mua o ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o Longbridge, kokoke i Birmingham. Mai ka makahiki 1907, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hana i nā kaʻa kaʻa 25-horsepower, a ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua Mua, ua hana ʻo ia i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā kaʻa kaʻa, a me nā kaʻa 2 a me 3-ton. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o Austin i kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000 mau kaʻa like ʻole i ka makahiki, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā limahana ma mua o 20000 mau kānaka.
