Alfa Romeo Spider. Hōʻikeʻike Brand
I ka wā hou, he manaʻo wiwo ʻole ia no ke kaʻa no ka leʻaleʻa. wiwo ole no kekahi. ʻO ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka hele ʻana o ka manawa i hoʻololi i nā mea āpau. Ua lilo ʻo Alfa Spider i mea lōʻihi loa. ʻO ka hapa nui o kona mau hoa paio a me ka nui o nā mea nūpepa e kau ana iā ia i ola.
Ua hoʻohālikelike ka poʻe ʻItalia me ka iwi cuttlefish ( ʻItalia: osso di seppia ), ka iwi hope lōʻihi i loko o ke kino o kahi cephalopod. ʻIke nā mea hoʻolale Canary i ia mea. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka iwi cuttlefish i loko o nā hīnaʻi manu ma ke ʻano he kumu calcium, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana, ka molting a me ka wā oʻo. I ka wā lōʻihi, ua paʻa kēia inoa inoa i ka hanauna mua o Spiders a nalowale kona ʻōlelo ʻino.
ʻO ka hapalua haneli i hala aku nei, hiki i ke ʻano o ka Alfa Romeo Spider ke haʻalulu, ʻoi aku ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā alanui Pelekane kahiko o ia manawa. He sleek, me nā kukui oval, a ʻo ka lōʻihi hope a me ka pōkole o loko i hāʻawi iā ia i ka like o ka moku mana.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka silhouette e Pininfarina, ka mea i lawe i ke ʻano wiwo ʻole i nā ʻano kaʻa e pili ana i nā aesthetics o ka "makahiki o ka atom." Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka Spider hope ma ke ʻano o nā prototypes Super Flow o ka hapa ʻelua o nā makahiki 50, nona nā kino palahalaha me nā domes aniani e uhi ana i ka cockpit (a ʻaʻole wale) i ʻike ʻia nā huila e hoʻopaʻa ana iā lākou i ka honua. he hoʻohui manawa.
Ua hoʻomaka ka Alfa Spider ma ka Geneva Motor Show i ka pūnāwai o 1966. He ʻoluʻolu kona hoʻokipa ʻana, ʻoiai he nui nā kaʻa heihei a me ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka Jaguar E i ka makahiki 1961 me he mea lā ua maʻa ka lehulehu i ke ʻano pancake o ke kaʻa. kino. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua loaʻa mai ka hōʻoluʻolu mai kahi mākeke koʻikoʻi no "nā ʻōpio me kahi kālā makahiki 1967-makahiki": ʻo ka US. I ka XNUMX, ma mua koke o ka Kalikimaka, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka pāʻani "The Graduate", e hōʻike ana i ka sensational Dustin Hoffman a me kāna kaʻa nani. ʻO ka Alfa Romeo ʻulaʻula ke nānā aku e like me Anne Bancroft e like me Mrs. Bancroft. Robinson, a ua neʻe ʻo ia e like me ka hoʻowalewale. Ua hoihoi ka kaʻa i ka manaʻo, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku kāna hana makahiki ma mua o ʻehā mau helu.
ʻO ka maikaʻi loa, i ka makahiki 1991 he 907 3 o lākou. Ua hilinaʻi loa ka noi ma ke kūlana hoʻokele waiwai ma ka mākeke ʻAmelika a ua loli pū me ia. I loko o ka pilikia o ka makahiki 1981, he 165 triple wale nō i kūkulu ʻia.
Ua lana ka Spider no ka mea he kumu waiwai maikaʻi ia a he "mea hana kālepa" maikaʻi. Ua kūkulu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea mai ka Giulia kaulana, me kahi chassis pōkole, no laila ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hana ʻana. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻokuʻu kūʻokoʻa i mua. Aia ma ka hope he koʻi paʻa me nā iwi makemake a me kahi mīkini hoʻohui. Eia kekahi, aia nā pūnāwai coil a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe telescopic ma nā axles ʻelua. Aia nā pahu diski ma nā huila a pau. Ua hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻenekini ʻehā-cylinder me ka hoʻoili ʻana i ʻelima mau māmā mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana. I ka waena o 60s, he mau hoʻonā hou kēia i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā i lako pono. ʻO ka mea nui i kamaʻilio i nā mea hoʻokele, ʻo ia ka aura o ke kaʻa. ʻO kona lokomaikaʻi, ʻo ka tailpipe haʻuki a me nā mea maikaʻi a pau e pili ana i nā kaʻa hale ʻole.
ʻO ka spider ka hale hōʻikeʻike o ka brand. Ua makemake ʻo ia e hana i nā kaʻa leʻaleʻa e hoʻokele, a ua hāʻawi kēia ʻano hoʻohālike i ka leʻaleʻa nui. Ua wikiwiki ʻo ia, akā ʻaʻole wikiwiki loa. ʻAʻole like me nā Alfa Romeo ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻokūkū me ka hoihoi no ka hana kiʻekiʻe i ka motorsport. ʻO kekahi mea i makemake i nā mea hoʻokele e hoʻohana ia no nā kaʻa kaʻa ʻole ma mua o nā kaua haneli haneli.
Hāʻawi mua ʻia ʻo 1600 Duetto me 109 hp. ua pani ʻia ma 1967 e ka 1750 Veloce me 118 hp. (ma USA he 1 hp) a me 32 Junior me 1 hp. i 300. Mai ia manawa a hiki i ka hopena, ʻelua mau ʻano like ʻole ka laulā o ka Spider model. : nawaliwali a ikaika. Hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano i kēlā me kēia manawa e hālāwai me nā ʻano hou. ʻO kahi hoʻololi maopopo ʻo ka ʻāpana hope palahalaha i ʻoki ʻia e nā mea hoʻolālā ma '89. Kapa ka poʻe Italia i kēia ʻano "coda tronca" - huelo pōkole. I ka makahiki 1968, ua haʻalele ka moʻo 1969a i nā uhi kukui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka pale kino kino. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou ma ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole loaʻa nā kaʻa i hoʻouna ʻia i USA. Ke kamaʻilio nei ka poʻe Kelemania e pili ana i ke kolu o ka hanauna o Spider "Gummilipe", ʻo ia hoʻi "nā lehelehe ʻōpala".
ʻO nā hoʻololi i hana ʻia ma lalo o ke kaomi ʻana o ka manawa pōkole a me nā lula palekana ʻAmelika ʻaʻole i hoʻohui mau i ka nani i ke kaʻa. ʻO ia ke kumu i mahalo nui ʻia ai ke kumu hoʻohālike ma mua o 1969 me ke kua pōʻai. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka poʻe Italia ma ka hanauna hou Spider 1990-9 3, i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā kaʻa "nostalgia". ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o lākou ma mua o ka Volkswagen New Beetle a he mau derivatives pololei lākou o ka mea kumu. Ma ke ʻano o ka moʻolelo hou loa, ua hāʻawi ʻo Alfa i nā ʻAmelika me kahi makana ma ke ʻano o 190 anniversary Spider Veloce CE (Commemorative Edition). He hōʻailona ko kēlā me kēia o lākou me ka helu ma ka dashboard. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he "1994 model". He pūʻulu kūikawā pū kekahi, me. ʻO "Niki Lauda" i ka makahiki 1978 a me "Bote" i ka makahiki 1991, i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka mea hoʻolālā kiʻi Farani ʻo Jean-Louis Scherrer.
I ka hā o ka moʻolelo, no ka manawa mua, ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi hoʻoili ʻokoʻa 3-wikiwiki ma ke ʻano he koho. Ma mua, ua hoʻomaka ka mea kanu e hāʻawi i kahi luna paʻakikī hiki ke hoʻoneʻe. Aia kekahi ʻano Targa, me kahi ʻāpana o ka hale ma luna o nā noho. Ua ʻike pū ʻia ka koho 2 + 2 i ka hāʻawi, ʻaʻole i noho mahana no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻae ka noho hope i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā kāʻei noho.
Ma kahi kokoke i 30 makahiki, ua kūkulu ʻia he 124 spider. ʻAʻole ka maikaʻi o Alpha i ka "nui", akā i ka "maikaʻi". Hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo ia e nā kānaka, e like me ka hōʻike ʻia e ka helu o nā inoa inoa i hāʻawi ʻia i kāna mau hanauna kikoʻī. ʻAneʻane ʻo kēlā me kēia Alpha e huki i ka nānā, akā ʻo ka Spider wale nō ka nui o Italia, unpretentious, hoʻomaha nani.
ʻEhā manawa
Ua hana ʻia ka Spider no 27 mau makahiki. Ua hana ʻia nā hanauna ʻehā. ʻO ka 1a mua "osso di seppia" mai 1966-69 i hōʻike ʻia i ke kua poepoe. 2a 1969-81 ua ʻoki ʻia ʻo "Kamma hope". ʻO ka 3a "Aerodinamica" mai 1982-89, i kapa ʻia ʻo "duck rump", ua ʻoki ʻia me nā mea ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me kahi mea hao nui ma hope.
ʻO ka hā o 4a "Ultima" mai 1990-93 i hoʻi i ka maʻemaʻe o ke kumu. ʻOiai ua loaʻa iā ia nā bumper nui, ua pena ʻia lākou i ke kala kino. ʻO ka pahu, me kahi ʻāpana kukui ʻiki e holo ana ma kona laulā holoʻokoʻa, ʻoluʻolu ʻia a kūlou i nā ʻaoʻao.
Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka Spider me nā ʻenekini 4-cylinder me ka neʻe ʻana (poe ʻia) o 1300, 1600, 1750 a me 2000 cm3 ma nā ʻano he nui. ʻO ka mea nāwaliwali loa i hiki i 89, ʻo ka ikaika loa he 132 hp.
Duet no ʻelua
Ua manaʻo ʻia e lilo kēia inoa inoa ʻole i ka inoa o ke kumu hoʻohālike. Ua koho ʻia ma o ka hoʻokūkū, akā naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ua mālama ʻia kahi hui ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e wehewehe i ka mana mua me ka ʻenekini 1600. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka inoa Junior e kuhikuhi i nā mana hope me nā ʻenekini nāwaliwali, ʻo Veloce me nā mea ikaika loa. I ka makahiki 1986, ua puka mai ʻo Quadrifoglio Verde (ʻŌlelo ʻItalia: ʻehā lau clover), e pili ana i nā kaʻa heihei. Ua kūʻai ʻia aku ka "Graduate" haʻahaʻa ma USA mai 1985 a 1990.
ʻO Julia, Juliet...
He mea lili nā ʻenekini spider. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi poloka a me ke poʻo, a me nā pahu camshaft ʻelua ma luna (DOHC), akā ʻelua wale nō kiwi no ka cylinder. Ua hoʻohana ka hui iā lākou i nā hoʻololi he nui i nā hiʻohiʻona like ʻole. Ua hele mai lākou mai kahi mīkini māhoe māhoe 1290 cc. cm, i hoʻokomo ʻia ma 3 ma ka Alfa Romeo Giulietta. Ua hoʻopau wale ʻia lākou i ka makahiki 1954, me nā mana hope i hoʻopili ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona 1994, 75 a me 155 Alfa e hōʻike ana i ka manawa o ka valve variable, injection electronic and twin spark plugs per cylinder (Twin Spark).
ʻIkepili loea i koho ʻia ʻo Alfa Romeo Spider
| Ke kŘkohu | Spider 1600 Duet ʻāpana 1a | Punawelewele wikiwiki 2000 moʻo 2a | Spider 2.0 moʻo 4a |
| Buke makahiki | 1966 | 1975 | 1994 |
| ʻAno kino / Ka helu o nā puka | spider/2 | spider/2 | spider/2 |
| helu o nā noho | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Nā nui a me ke kaumaha | |||
| Ka lōʻihi laula/ kiʻekiʻe (mm) | 4250/1630/1290 | 4120/1630/1290 | 4258/1630/1290 |
| Ala huila mua / hope (mm) | 1310/1270 | 1324/1274 | 1324/1274 |
| Kumu huila (mm) | 2250 | 2250 | 2250 |
| Kaumaha ponoʻī (kg) | 990 | 1040 | 1110 |
| емкость kumu (l) | 230 | 300 | 300 |
| емкость pahu wahie (l) | 46 | 51 | 46 |
| Pūnaehana hoʻokele | |||
| ʻAi wahie | olekō | olekō | olekō |
| Ka helu o nā mea hao | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| емкость mīkini (cm3) | 1570 | 1962 | 1962 |
| koʻi hoʻokele | kua | kua | kua |
| ʻano pahu pahu pahu / helu o na kaa | manual / 5 | manual / 5 | manual / 5 |
| 'Ohanahana | |||
| Mana (hp) ma rpm | 109 ma 6000 | 128 ma 5300 | 126 ma 5800 |
| Ikehu (Nm) ma rpm | 139 ma 2800 | 186 ma 3500 | 167 ma 4200 |
| hoʻoholomua 0-100 km/h(s) | 10,3 | 9 | 9 |
| Ka māmā holo kiʻekiʻe (km/h) | 185 | 192 | 192 |
| ʻO ka ʻai wahie awelika (l / 100 km) | 9 | 10,4 | 8,7 |
