ʻO 10 mau pā nui loa ma ka honua
Nā mea
He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi nā Dams i ko mākou ola. Kūkulu ʻia nā pā wai no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, hoʻoponopono i ke kahe ʻana o nā muliwai, a hana i ka uila. He moʻolelo lōʻihi ko nā Dam ma hope o lākou. Hoʻi kēia i ka 4000 BC.
Ua oleloia, ua kukulu mua ia ma Aigupita ma kapa o ka Nile. ʻO nā Dams he mea hoihoi loa a hoihoi i ka nānā ʻana me ko lākou nui nui a me ka mīkini hana. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Kallanai Dam ka wai kahiko loa ma Tamil Nadu, India. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā pā nui loa o ka honua i 2022.
10. DAMINA HIRACUD, INIA
ʻO kēia ka wai wai lōʻihi loa ma ka honua. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia aia ma luna o 27 mau kilomita. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka Dam Hirakud i ka makahiki 1957. ʻO ia ka papahana awāwa multi-purpose mua i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kahawai ʻo Mahanadi, Odisha, e ke aupuni o India mai ke kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ia ka pā wai kahiko loa i kūkulu ʻia ma India. ʻAʻole piha ʻo Odisha a me kāna ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi me ka ʻole o ka kipa ʻana i ka Hirakud Dam. ʻElua mau minarets ka pā: Gandhi Minar a me Nehru Minar. Hāʻawi kēia mau minarets i kahi hiʻohiʻona kiʻi i nā mea nānā a me nā mākaʻikaʻi.
I mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka kaulana o ka Hirakud Dam, ua hoʻolaha piha ke aupuni o Odisha i ka hale o ka dam. Hiki ke kipa 'ia ka dam a puni ka makahiki. Hoʻohui ʻia kēlā me kēia kau i nā pā like ʻole a me nā hiʻohiʻona i kona nani. I ka wā ua, hiki ke kahe o ka wai i ka piko. I kekahi manawa, pani ʻia ka pā i ka wā ua e pale aku ai i nā pōʻino a me nā pilikia. I ka hoʻoilo, nui nā manu lele i ʻaneʻi. I ke kauwela, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā neoneo o nā luakini kahiko e hui pū me ka wai i ka wā ua.
ʻOi aku ma mua o 200 mau luakini i ʻōlelo ʻia ua pio i loko o ka muliwai ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka Hirakuda Dam. ʻO ka mea nui, ua piha nā luakini a pau, akā i ke kau kauwela hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi liʻiliʻi wale nō o lākou. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi luakini kaulana loa i kapa ʻia ʻo Padmaseni, e lawe mai ana i ka Archaeological Survey of India i ka ʻike. He "Isle of Cattle" no ka dam he wahi noho no na pipi hihiu a maikai ole. ʻOiai ua pāpā ʻia ke kiʻi ʻana ma ia wahi, e mau ana ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ia mea i loko o kou puʻuwai.
9. DAMINA OROVILLE, USA
Ua kūkulu ʻia ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai Pero ma Kaleponi i ka makahiki 1968. ʻO Lake Oroville ma kahi kokoke i kahi mākaʻikaʻi nui. ʻO ka Oroville Dam ka pā kiʻekiʻe loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. He wailele nani kona i kapa ʻia ʻo Father Fall a me Bald Rock. Hāʻawi ka dam i nā hiʻohiʻona nani a me nā hana he nui e like me ke kaʻa, ka hoʻomoana, ka lawaiʻa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
8. DAMINA MANGLA, PAKISTAN
Aia ia ma ka ʻāina hoʻopaʻapaʻa o ke awāwa ʻo Kashmir, ʻike ʻia ʻo Azad Kashmir. Ua kūkulu ʻia ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai ʻo Jhelum i ka makahiki 1967. Wehe ʻia kēia pā i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka palekana. Ma muli o kekahi hihia hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ua pani ʻia i ka lehulehu. Hāʻawi kahi hui haʻuki wai i kapa ʻia ʻo "Mangla" i nā mākaʻikaʻi i nā ʻano leʻaleʻa. Hiki i ka Mangla Dam ke hana i 1000 megawatts o ka uila. Ke hoʻomaka nei ka hana hana no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pā i 30 kapuaʻi. E hoʻonui kēia i ka mana hana mana o ka pā e 1120 megawatts.
7. JINPING-I DAM, KINA
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Jinping Yi Dam ka wai kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua. Hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia ka pā, no ka mea, manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ʻo Rogun HPP ʻo ia ka wai kiʻekiʻe loa ma Tajikistan. Ua luku ʻia e ka waikahe. Ke kūkulu ʻia nei ka pā. No laila, ʻo Jingpin-I ka pā kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua. ʻO ia ke kumu nui o ka uila a me ka hana ʻoihana o ka ʻāina.
6. DAMINA GARDINER, KANADA
ʻO kēia wai kekahi o nā pā nui loa o ka honua. Ua kūkulu ʻia i ka makahiki 1967. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo DAM ma hope o ke Kuhina Kuhina James G. Gardiner. Ua hana ka pā i ka wai i kapa ʻia ʻo Diefenbaker Lake. Ua kaulana loa ʻo DAM me nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi kūloko a me nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi haole. Hāmama nā pā wai i nā pule a pau. He nui kona mau hale ʻaina, hale kūʻai a me kahi hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hōʻike ana i nā wikiō ʻike e pili ana i ke kūkulu ʻana a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka pā. Hāʻawi ka paka ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā dams i nā hana e like me ka hoʻomoana, ka hele wāwae a me ke kaʻa, etc.
5. LADIES UAE, USA
ʻO ia ka pā nui loa i kūkulu ʻia ma ka muliwai ʻo Missouri. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā pūnāwai nui loa ma ka honua. Hoʻokumu ka dam i ka hā o ka wai nui loa: Lake Oahe, kahi e hoʻonui ai i 327 km i ka US. Ua kūkulu ʻia i ka makahiki 1968. ʻO 786 MW kona mana hoʻokomo. He nui ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i nā pā wai ma muli o ko lākou waiwai nui. ʻO Lake Oahe kahi home o nā ʻano iʻa he nui, nā manu lele, a me nā holoholona wai e pōloli ana. He paradaiso kēia wahi no ka poʻe ornithologists, no ka mea, he nui nā manu lele i kēia wai.
4. HUTRIBDIJK DAM, O LANDIA
Ua hana ʻia ka pā ma ke ʻano he pā, akā ʻo ia he pā. Ua hoʻomaka kona kūkulu ʻana i ka makahiki 1963 a ua pau i ka makahiki 1975. ʻO 30 km ka lōʻihi o ka wai. Hoʻokaʻawale ka pā i ka Markermeer a me ka IJsselmeer. ʻO Hutribdijk ka inoa o ka pā.
3. ATATURK DAM, TUREKE
ʻO ia kekahi o nā pā nui loa o ka honua, ʻo ia kekahi o nā pā kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻO 169 mika kona kiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻo Karababa Dam. Ua wehe ʻia i ka makahiki 1990. Hoʻopuka ka dam i 8,900 gigawatt-hola i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ua kukuluia ma kela aoao o ka muliwai Euperate. Hoʻolaha ʻia ka waihona "Lake Ataturk" ma kahi o 817 km2 me ka nui o ka wai o 48.7 km. ʻO ka mahina mai Kepakemapa a ʻOkakopa ka manawa maikaʻi loa e kipa aku ai i ka pā a komo i ka ʻaha haʻuki wai a me nā hoʻokūkū holo moana.
2. FORT PACK DAM, USA
ʻO kēia pā ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa o nā ʻeono i kūkulu ʻia ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai ʻo Missouri. Aia ma kahi kokoke i Glasgow. ʻO 76 mika kona kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻolaha ʻia ka pā ma kahi ʻāpana o 202 mau ʻeka. Ua wehe ʻia i ka makahiki 1940. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Lake Fort Peck, ʻo ia kekahi o ka lima o nā loko i hana ʻia e ke kanaka nui loa ma US a kokoke i 200 kapuaʻi (61 m) hohonu.
1. DAMINA TARBELA, PAKISTAN
Aia ka dam ma Cyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka embankment dam nui loa. ʻO kēia ka ʻelima nui loa ma ka honua e pili ana i ka nui. Hoʻokumu ka dam i kahi waihona me kahi ʻāpana ʻoi aku ma mua o 250 mau kilomita square. Ua wehe ʻia i ka makahiki 1976. Ua kūkulu ʻia ma kapa o ka muliwai nui loa o Pakistan, ʻo ka muliwai Indus. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia a kūkulu ʻia kēia pā no ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā waikahe, hoʻohua i ka mana hydroelectric, a mālama i ka wai no ka irrigation. ʻO 3,478 85 MW ka mana hoʻokomo o ka pā. Ua manaʻo ʻia ke ola pono o ka Dam Tarbela ma 2060 mau makahiki a e pau i kēia makahiki.
Ma ka ʻatikala ma luna, ua kūkākūkā mākou i kekahi o nā pā nui loa o ka honua. He mau moʻolelo hoihoi ko kēia mau pā. ʻO nā pā ma luna nei he mea nui ma keʻano o ka nui, ka'āpana, ka hana mana, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻO kaʻatikala ma luna nei e pili ana i nā dams nui loa ma nāʻano likeʻole e like me ko lākou kiʻekiʻe, ka nui, ka mana mana, ka hoʻolālā, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. nā wai hohonu a nui loa ma ka honua.
