ʻO 10 mau ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua

ʻO ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau kekahi o nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonui i nā piliona kālā i ka loaʻa kālā a ʻaʻole kākoʻo i ka hoʻokele waiwai o kekahi ʻoihana, akā he kuleana nui kēia ʻāpana no ke olakino o ke kanaka.

ʻO kēia mau hui lāʻau lapaʻau ke komo pololei a pili ʻole paha i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ke kanesa, HIV, hepatitis C, etc., ʻoiai ke kūkulu nei ka ʻoihana noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia mau ʻoihana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa e hoʻopau i nā maʻi ma luna. No laila, eia ka papa inoa o nā ʻoihana lapaʻau ʻumi ʻumi o 2022 e hana koʻikoʻi i ka pono o ke kanaka.

10. Gileada o ka naauao | USA| Loaʻa: $24.474 biliona.

ʻO Gileada Science he hui biopharmaceutical multinational ʻAmelika i ʻike ʻia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā antivirals a me nā huahana biotech ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kā lākou mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ate, ka maʻi kanesa, HIV/AIDS a me nā maʻi cardiovascular. ʻOiai ua kaulana lākou i ka mākeke ma muli o kā lākou lāʻau pepehi kanaka hepatitis C ʻo Sovaldi. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hui e Michael L. Riordan i Iune 1987 ma Foster City, Kaleponi, USA a ʻo ia ke keʻena nui ma Foster City.

9. Bayer AG | Leverkusen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Kelemānia loaʻa kālā: $ 25.47 biliona

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia e Friedrich Bayer lāua ʻo Johann Friedrich Weskott ma kahi o 153 mau makahiki i hala ma ʻApelila 1, 1863 ka hui lāʻau lapaʻau Kelemania multinational, kemika a me ka biomedical. Aia ka hui ma Leverkusen, Kelemānia, akā hoʻolaha ʻia kā lākou huahana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me nā huahana no nā kaʻina hana olakino e like me ka pulmonary arterial hypertension drug Adempas, Xofigo, eye drug Eylea, cancer drugs Stivarga, and anticoagulant Xarelto. Eia kekahi, ʻo lākou kekahi o nā mea hoʻolako kaulana o nā kemika mahiʻai me nā huahana 500 ʻē aʻe a me nā huahana kemika.

8. AstraZeneca LLC | United Kingdom| Loaʻa: $26.095 biliona

ʻO ka British-Swedish multinational biopharmaceutical and pharmaceutical company ua ʻike ʻia no kāna ʻano huahana i nā wahi lapaʻau like ʻole e like me ka mumū, nā maʻi hanu, nā maʻi neurological, ka maʻi kanesa, nā maʻi ʻōpū a me nā maʻi cardiovascular. ʻOiai ʻo kā lākou huahana kūʻai maikaʻi loa no nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole e like me ka oncology therapy, heartburn tablet Nexium, asthma therapy Symbicort and cholesterol treatment Crestor. Aia ka hui ma Cambridge, UK a me 55,000 mau limahana a lākou e lawelawe ai ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

7. GlaxoSmithKline | UK | Nā lāʻau lapaʻau, generics a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Limited i ka makahiki 1924, e hana ana ia i ka biotechnology akamai loa o ka honua a ʻo kekahi o nā ʻoihana noiʻi olakino olakino a me nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau. Loaʻa iā lākou ka nui o nā huahana e hāʻawi i nā lawelawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka gynecology, oncology, nā maʻi hanu, nā maʻi cardiovascular, dermatology a me nā anti-infectives. Loaʻa iā lākou nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūʻē i ka moa, nā maʻi maʻi, tetanus, rotavirus, asthma, influenza, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, cervical maʻi a me ka maʻi kanesa. I ka makahiki 36,566, he $2015 miliona ka huina kālā o ka hui, a he $5441 miliona i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka makahiki hoʻokahi. Ke ulu nei ka mākeke ma Iapana a me India.

6. Merck & Co. Inc. | USA| Loaʻa: $42.237 biliona.

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Merck & Co inc no kāna lāʻau anti-cancer Keytruda, ʻo ia kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeono i ʻae ʻia e FDA me Belsomra no ka insomnia a me Zerbaxa & Cubist no nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka haukapila. Wahi a kekahi hōʻike 2014, ua hoʻokuʻu ke keʻena noiʻi o Merck i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou aʻe ma mua o nā hui ʻē aʻe o ka honua. He mea kaulana loa ʻo Merck & Co i waena o nā haumāna lapaʻau no kā lākou puke kūʻai kūʻai maikaʻi loa, The Merck Manuals.

5. Sanofi| Palani| Loaʻa: $43.07 biliona.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻoihana lapaʻau ʻoihana Farani nui loa me ka loaʻa kālā he $43.07 biliona. Ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻoihana no kāna ʻōlelo kuhikuhi a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ka counter (OTC) i nā wahi lapaʻau e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, thrombosis, maʻi maʻi cardiovascular, lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko, ʻōnaehana nūnū waena a me ka maʻi diabetes. ʻOiai ʻo Lantus, ka mea pepehi maʻi diabetes, ʻo ia ka hapa nui loa o ka huina kālā o ka hui. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Pūʻulu Sanofi e Jean-Francois Dehaek lāua ʻo Jean-René Sautier a loaʻa iā lākou nā limahana nui loa (110,000) e hoʻolako i kā lākou lawelawe ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

4. Pfizer| Nu Ioka, USA | Loaʻa: $49.605 biliona

ʻO ka ʻehā o ka hui lāʻau lapaʻau nui loa ma ka honua, i ʻike ʻia no kāna mau huahana biopharmaceutical, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole: cardiology, oncology a me immunology. ʻO kā lākou huahana generic a biosimilar i ʻike i ka ulu nui ʻana o ke kūʻai ʻana ma hope o kā lākou $17 biliona loaʻa ʻana o ka hui sterile injectables ʻo Hospira. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hui e Charles Pfizer ma 1849 ma Brooklyn, New York, New York, USA. Aia ka hui ma mua o 96,000 mau limahana, ke keʻena noiʻi ma Groton, Connecticut, a me ke keʻena ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau ma New York, USA.

3. Roche Holding AG | Basel, Kuikilana| Loaʻa: $49.86 biliona

ʻO ka lua o ka hui lāʻau lapaʻau nui loa ma Switzerland a ʻo ke kolu o ka hui lāʻau lapaʻau nui loa ma ka honua, ua ʻike ʻia no kāna mau hoʻonā diagnostic kūikawā a me nā mea hana diagnostic kiʻekiʻe. Ua kaulana loa ka hui no kāna mau lāʻau kūʻai maikaʻi loa e like me Xeloda, Herceptin, Avastin a me nā lāʻau maʻi maʻi MebThera. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻolālā pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi cervical hou a Roche ka hopena maikaʻi loa i loaʻa i kēia lā, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā wahine. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hui e Fritz Hoffmann-La Roche a ke hana nei i kēia manawa i ʻelua mau māhele i kapa ʻia ʻo Roche Pharmaceutical a me Roche Diagnostics, me nā limahana 95,000 o ka honua.

2. Novartis AG | Kuikilana| Loaʻa: $57.996 biliona

Me ka loaʻa kālā o US $54.996 biliona, ʻo Novartis AG ka lua ma ka papa inoa o nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau alakaʻi. ʻO Novartis ka hui lāʻau lapaʻau nui loa ma Switzerland, ʻoihana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau olaola (Gleevec no ka maʻi kanesa a me Gilenya no ka maʻi sclerosis). Aia i loko o ka hui nā māhele he nui e like me ka mālama ophthalmic, biosimilars, generics a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau prescription, me ka ʻoi aku o 140 laboratories a me 100,000 limahana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hui ʻo ia ka lua o ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau nui loa ma ka honua me kahi ākea o nā ʻōnaehana olakino a me ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana no ka wā e hiki mai ana.

1. Johnson & Johnson | USA| Loaʻa: 74.331 biliona kālā.

ʻO ka inoa ʻohana Johnson lāua ʻo Johnson ke poʻo i ka papa inoa o nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa ma ka honua no ka mea ʻo ia ka lua o ka ʻoihana kahiko loa a ʻike. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo J & J aka Johnson a me Johnson e Woodn Johnson I, James Wood Johnson a me Edward Mead Johnson i ka makahiki 1886. Hāʻawi ka hui i kēia manawa i nā ʻano huahana olakino, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kopa, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, talc, a me Johnson & Johnson. ʻoi aku ma mua o 182 kūʻai aku i nā huahana ma nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi digestive, hepatitis C a me nā ʻāʻī. Hāʻawi ka hui i kāna mau lawelawe no ka nui o nā huahana mālama olakino ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ua kaulana loa ʻo Johnsons a me Johnsons no kā lākou huahana mālama pēpē ma US a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o Asia.

Nui nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e like me Zydus Cadila, Siemens a me Thermo fisher i kōkua pū i ke ola o ke kanaka. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻoihana ma luna o ka noiʻi, ka hana, ka huli ʻana a me nā lawelawe lawelawe a puni ka honua. ʻO kēia mau hui ke kuleana no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hapalua o nā maʻi weliweli loa. ʻO kēia mau ʻoihana ka mea hoʻoikaika maoli e hoʻoulu i ka pae aʻe o ke au kanaka.